摘要
为了精确、定量评估植物叶片表面水溶性和非水溶性颗粒物的质量及粒径分布,进一步提高对城市树木大气颗粒物吸滞能力的定量评估精度,本研究以3种阔叶树种(银杏、国槐、垂柳)和2种针叶树种(油松、圆柏)为研究对象,于雨后14 d(降水量>15 mm)采集叶样,依次对其进行泡洗+刷洗(WC+BC)、超声清洗(UC),然后对每个清洗步骤下叶片洗脱液进行离心分离,对上清液与沉淀物进行烘干、称量,测定水溶性和非水溶性颗粒物的质量,采用无水乙醇和去离子水对水溶性和非水溶性颗粒物进行溶解,分别测定其粒径分布,并依此计算叶片表面滞纳不同径级水溶性和非水溶性颗粒物的质量.结果表明:阔叶和针叶树种叶片表面滞纳水溶性、非水溶性颗粒物质量(比例)分别为480.61(52.3%)、438.91(47.7%)和97.93(12.0%)、715.84 mg·m^(-2)(88.0%).5种树种叶面水溶性颗粒物粒径分布呈单峰曲线,而叶面非水溶性颗粒物粒径则呈多峰分布,且水溶性颗粒物的平均粒径(40.36μm)明显小于非水溶性颗粒物平均粒径(105.65μm).阔叶树种国槐、银杏在空气中含水溶性颗粒物较多的区域具有较高的颗粒物滞纳能力;而针叶树种圆柏在空气中非水溶性颗粒物较多的区域具有较高的颗粒物滞纳能力.
To accurately and quantitatively evaluate the mass and particle size distribution of water-soluble and water-insoluble particulate matters(PM)on the surface of tree leaves,which would help to improve the accuracy of quantitative assessment of the retention ability of urban trees to atmospheric particles,we collected leaf samples from three broadleaved tree species[Ginkgo(Ginkgo biloba),Chinese scholar tree(Sophora japonica)and weeping willow(Salix babylonica)]and two conifer species[Chinese pine(Pinus tabuliformis)and China savin(Sabina chinensis)]14 d after the rain(rainfall>15 mm).The PMs retained on leaves were collected by a succeeding procedure of washing+brushing(WC+BC)and ultrasonic cleaning(UC).Then,the extracts at each step were divided into water-soluble and water-insoluble PMs through centrifuge.The mass of water-soluble and water-insoluble particles were dry weighted.Then,the water-soluble and water-insoluble particles were dissolved by anhydrous ethanol and deionized water to measure the particle size distribution.The mass of water-soluble and water-insoluble particles with different particle sizes was calculated.Results showed that the mass(proportion)of water-soluble PMs retained on leaf surfaces of broad-leaved and conifer species were 480.61(52.3%)and 438.91(47.7%)mg·m-2,respectively,while that for water-insoluble PMs were 97.93(12.0%)and 715.84(88.0%)mg·m-2,respectively.The particle size distribution of water-soluble particles on the leaves of the five tree species showed the unimodal curve with mean size of 40.36μm.Water-insoluble particles on leaves showed multimodal distribution,with mean size of 105.65μm.S.japonica and G.biloba had higher PM retention ability in regions suffering with more water-soluble PM pollution,while S.chinensis had higher retention ability to water-insoluble PMs.
作者
刘金强
曹治国
郭泽敏
段劼
康佳
刘欢欢
闫广轩
席本野
LIU Jin-qiang;CAO Zhi-guo;GUO Ze-min;DUAN Jie;KANG Jia;LIU Huan-huan;YAN Guang-xuan;XI Ben-ye(Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Silviculture and Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huaihe River Water Environmental and Pollution Control,School of Environment,Henan Normal University,Xinxiang 453007,Henan,China)
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第5期1763-1771,共9页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(21607038)
中国博士后科学基金项目(2015M570629
2016T90668)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2017ZY21)资助~~
关键词
大气颗粒物
水溶性颗粒物
非水溶性颗粒物
粒径分布
particulate matter
water-soluble particles
water-insoluable particles
diameter distribution
