摘要
目的比较NICU早产儿及老年人感染嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌(SMA)的药物耐药情况,分析其耐药变迁,为临床合理应用抗生素提供依据。方法收集2015年1月至2017年12月北京妇产医院送检的各类标本中NICU早产儿分离到15株SMA及清华大学医院送检的各类标本中老年患者分离出24株SMA,分别采用Microscan WalkAway40微生物鉴定仪和迪尔DL-96II进行细菌鉴定和药敏试验。结果在早产儿组中,15株嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对头孢他啶、替卡西林的耐药率分别为6.67%、13.33%,对复方新诺明和左氧氟沙星均为不耐药;在老年人组中24株嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对头孢他啶、替卡西林、复方新诺明的耐药率分别为58.33%、29.17%、29.17%,对左氧氟沙星不耐药。两组嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对替卡西林耐药率无统计学意义(P>0.05)、对头孢他啶、复方新诺明SXT的耐药率有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌SMA多发生于免疫力低下的患者中,这其中包含NICU的早产儿和长期住院、有免疫缺陷的老年患者,老年患者的耐药率高于早产儿可能与长疗程、广谱抗生素治疗有关。建议实行严格的感染控制措施,包括手卫生、接触隔离、环境消毒,做好药敏试验指导临床合理用药,以避免多重耐药嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌的产生和流行。
Objective To investigate drug sensitivity of stenotrophomonas maltophilia in NICU premature infant patients and gerontal patients.So as to provide references for clinical use of drug.Methods Strains isolated from 15 premature infants in Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital and 24 gerontal patients in Tsinghua University Hospital were identified and suscepptibility tests were performed by Automatic instruments.Results In group premature infants,the drug resistance rate of ceftazidime,ticarcillin,bactrim and levofloxacin were 6.67%,13.33%,0 and 0.In group gerontal patients the drug resistance rate of ceftazidime,ticarcillin,bactrim and levofloxacin were 58.33%,29.17%,29.17% and 0.The resistance rate of ceftazidim,ticarcillin,bactrim for gerontal patients were higher than premature infants except levofloxacin.The high infection rate of gerontal patient may be related to the long-term treatment of antibiotics.Conclusion Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection were closely related to premature infant patients and gerontal patients with low immunity.To get effective treatments and avoid the nosocomial infections,we should provide suscepptibility tests results to clinicians for references.
作者
高阳
聂庆东
吉彤珍
刘然
刘晶
GAO Yang;NIE Qing-dong;JI Tong-zhen(Department of Laboratory Medicine,Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University,Beijing100026,China;Department of Laboratory medicine,Tsinghua University Hospital,Beijing100084,China)
出处
《中国实验诊断学》
2019年第2期317-319,共3页
Chinese Journal of Laboratory Diagnosis
关键词
嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌
早产儿
老年患者
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
Premature infant patients
Gerontal patients
