摘要
目的了解深圳市罗湖区黄金珠宝加工行业重点职业病特点,为我区制定职业病防治策略提供技术依据。方法运用SPSS对收集的2017年黄金珠宝加工行业职业病危害项目申报、职业病危害因素检测、职业健康检查、职业病报告情况数据进行分析。结果截止2017年年底,深圳市罗湖区黄金珠宝加工行业申报存在重点职业病危害企业149家,以微型(49.0%)和小型(47.0%)企业为主,以私有(94.0%)企业居多,属职业病危害较重行业;深圳市罗湖区黄金珠宝加工行业共57家企业进行了重点职业病危害职业健康检查,健康检查率37.6%,不同企业规模和不同经济类型的企业重点职业病危害职业健康检查率差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);在岗期间职业健康检查708人,异常率59.2%。接触不同危害健康检查异常率均超过50%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),各危害职业禁忌证检出率差异也有统计学意义(P<0.05),未检出疑似职业病患者。重点职业病危害因素企业劳动者总人数9 125人,重点职业病危害因素接害劳动者2 897人次,接触其他粉尘危害人数居首,以小微型私有企业人数居多;共有43家存在重点职业病危害因素的企业进行了职业病危害因素定期检测,检测率为28.9%,不同重点职业病危害企业检测率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同重点职业病危害企业检测岗位合格率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论深圳市罗湖区黄金珠宝加工行业重点职业病危害因素企业职业健康检查率较低,属职业病危害较重行业,应加强职业健康监护和职业卫生管理,防控重点为职业病危害接触人次数居多的小微型私有企业。
[Objective]To understand the characteristics of the key occupational diseases in gold jewelry processing industry in Luohu District of Shenzhen City,provide technical basis for making the occupational disease prevention and control strategies in the district.[Methods]SPSS was used to analyze the data of occupational hazards project declaration,occupational hazard detection,occupational health inspection and occupational disease reporting in the gold jewelry processing industry in 2017.[Results]There were 149 enterprises declared with key occupational hazards in gold jewelry processing industry in Luohu District of Shenzhen City by the end of 2017,which were dominated by micro enterprises(49.0%)and small(47.0%)enterprises(47.0%),and most were private enterprises(94.0%).The gold jewelry processing industry was the industry with serious occupational hazard.A total of 57 enterprises in gold jewelry processing industry in Luohu District of Shenzhen City have carried out occupational health inspections of key occupational hazards,with the health examination rate of 37.6%.There were statistically significant differences in the occupational health examination rate of key occupational hazards in enterprises with different scale and different economic type(all P<0.05).708 people have received the in-service occupational health inspection,with an abnormal rate of 59.2%.The abnormal rates of different hazards all exceeded 50%,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),while the difference in the detection rate of occupational contraindication for various hazards was statistically significant(P<0.05).No suspected occupational disease patient was detected.There were 9 125 workers in enterprises with key occupational hazards,2 897 workers were exposed to key occupational hazards.The number of people exposed to other dust hazards was the highest,and most of exposed workers were in micro private enterprises.A total of 43 enterprises have carried out regular occupational health detection,with a rate of 28.9%.There was statistically significant difference in detection rate among enterprises with different key occupational hazards(P<0.05).There was statistically significant difference in post qualification rate among enterprises with different key occupational hazards(P<0.05).[Conclusion]The occupational health examination rate in enterprises with key occupational hazards in gold jewelry processing industry is low in Luohu District of Shenzhen City,which belongs to the industry with serious occupational hazard.It is necessary to strengthen occupational health supervision and occupational health management,and focus on small and micro private enterprises that the number of workers exposed to occupational hazards is higher.
作者
尹强兵
林奕嘉
彭志敏
叶健
王欣
YIN Qiang-bing;LIN Yi-jia;PENG Zhi-min;YE Jian;WANG Xin(Occupational and Environmental Health Department,Shenzhen Luohu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenzhen Guangdong,518002,China;Occupational Health Department,Shenzhen Nanshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenzhen Guangdong,518054,China;Emergency Office,Shenzhen Nanshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenzhen Guangdong,518054,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2019年第5期577-580,584,共5页
Occupation and Health
基金
深圳市罗湖区软科学研究计划项目(罗科[2018]10号-26)
关键词
重点职业病
危害申报
职业健康检查
Key occupational disease
Hazard declarations
Occupational health inspection
