摘要
目的调查现阶段张家口地区成人甲状腺疾患情况及人口学特征,为制订卫生保健措施提供依据。方法以2015年1月1日—2017年12月31日在张家口市第一医院门诊、健康检查中心进行甲状腺疾病筛查的15 498例成年人群为研究对象,编制调查表,收集研究对象的临床诊断资料与人口学资料,采用相关软件对收集的资料进行汇总、统计分析。结果在15 498例研究对象中,临床诊断甲状腺疾病患者4 597例,总患病率为29.66%,其中甲状腺结节患病率占首位,其次是甲减、甲亢分别占第2、3位;在4 312例甲状腺结节患者中,实性结节患者2 410例(55.90%),囊性结节患者857例(19.87%),囊实性结节患者1 045例(24.23%)。2015—2017年,甲状腺疾病患病率分别为26.81%、28.22%、32.37%,呈逐年上升趋势(P<0.01)。女性甲状腺疾病总患病率明显高于男性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);不同年龄段、不同职业的甲状腺疾病患病率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01),其中60～69岁年龄段患病率最高,医护人员患病率在不同职业类型中最高;海产品不同进食频率之间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),其中基本不食海产品人群患病率最高。结论张家口地区成人甲状腺疾病患病率逐年上升,在继续加强甲状腺疾病知识健康宣教、提倡健康生活的同时,还要特别关注女性、中老年人、医护人员等群体的身心健康状况,鼓励张家口地区居民定期进行甲状腺疾病筛查,实现早期防治,促进健康水平。
[Objective]To investigate the epidemic and demographic characteristics of thyroid diseases among adults in Zhangjiakou area at the present stage,provide a basis for the formulation of health care measures.[Methods]A total of 15 498 adults who received the thyroid disease screening in the outpatient service and physical examination center of the Zhangjiakou First Hospital from January 1,2015 to December 31,2017 were collected as the research objects.The questionnaire was designed to collect the clinical diagnostic data and demographic data of the research objects.The data were sum up and statistically analyzed by the related software.[Results]Among 15 498 subjects,4 597 were clinically diagnosed with thyroid diseases,and the total prevalence was 29.66%.The prevalence of thyroid nodules was the highest,followed by hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.Among 4 312 patients with thyroid nodules,2 410(55.90%)cases had solid nodules,857(19.87%)cases had cystic nodules,and 1 045(24.23%)cases had cystic mixing with solid nodules.From 2015-2017,the annual prevalence of thyroid diseases was respectively 26.81%,28.22%and 32.37%,showing a rising trend(P<0.01).The total prevalence of thyroid diseases in females was higher than that in males,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).There were statistically significant differences in prevalence of thyroid diseases among different age group and different occupation group(both P<0.01),while the prevalence in 60-69 year-old age group was the highest,and the medical staff had the highest prevalence among different occupations.The difference was statistically significant among groups in different frequencies of seafood consumption(P<0.01),and the people who did not eat seafood had the highest prevalence.[Conclusion]The prevalence of thyroid diseases among adults in Zhangjiakou area increases year by year.It is necessary to continue to strengthen the health education of thyroid disease knowledge,advocate healthy life,pay special attention to physical and mental health of women,elderly and medical staff,and encourage residents in Zhangjiakou area to regularly screen for thyroid diseases to achieve early prevention and treatment and promote health level.
作者
张翠静
唐宏霞
鲍喜静
ZHANG Cui-jing;TANG Hong-xia;BAO Xi-jing(Endocrine Department,Zhangjiakou First Hospital,Zhangjiakou Hebei,075000,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2019年第9期1220-1223,共4页
Occupation and Health
基金
张家口市科学技术研究与发展计划项目(1621058D)
关键词
张家口地区
甲状腺疾病
流行病学
人口学特征
Zhangjiakou area
Thyroid disease
Epidemiology
Demographic characteristics
