摘要
以施耐德和英格拉姆的政策工具分类框架为X维度,以职业教育发展链要素为Y维度,构建出'政策工具·发展链'二维框架,对《国家职业教育改革实施方案》进行内容编码、归类统计、数据分析,剖析我国职业教育改革政策潜在的问题。从政策工具维度看,政策工具的配置类型较为齐全,但权威型工具使用过溢,激励型、能力型和学习型工具相对短缺,符号劝诫型工具内部结构失衡;从发展链维度,政策文本涵盖思想态度、制度体系、师资建设、人才培养、社会参与和质量保障六个方面,但不同发展链之间的比重差异悬殊,对师资建设的关注最少。未来的职业教育政策应适当缩减权威型政策工具的使用频率,强化能力型和激励型政策工具,鼓励校企合作与社会参与,关注师资建设和教师素养提升,实现政府角色转型,不断提升政策工具与职业教育发展链的适切程度。
Taking Schneider and Ingram’s classification framework of policy instruments as X dimension and taking the elements of vocational education development chain as Y dimension,the two-dimensional framework is constructed.The content coding,classification statistics and data analysis toward the National Plan for Implementation of Vocational Education Reform are carried out,and the potential problems of the vocational education reform policy in China are analyzed.Seeing from the perspective of policy instrument dimension,its configuration type is quite complete,but the authoritative instrument is used too much,the incentive,ability and learning based tools are relatively short,and the structure of symbolic persuasive tool is out of balance.Seeing from the perspective of development chain,the Plan covers six aspects of ideological attitude,institutional system,teacher construction,talent training,social participation and quality assurance.However,there is large difference among the proportion of different development chains,among which the proportion of teacher construction is the least.As for this,in the future vocational education policy should reduce the use frequency of authoritative policy tools,strengthen the ability-based and incentive-based policy tools,encourage school-enterprise cooperation and social participation,pay attention to teacher construction and teacher literacy improvement,realize the transformation of the role of the government,and constantly improve the appropriateness between the policy tools and the development chains of vocational education.
作者
马立超
Ma Lichao(East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062)
出处
《职业技术教育》
北大核心
2019年第9期12-18,共7页
Vocational and Technical Education
基金
教育部人文社科重大攻关项目“当前主要国家和地区财政教育经费和全社会教育经费投入比较研究”(17JZD060),主持人:张万朋
关键词
职业教育政策
政策工具
职业教育发展链
内容分析法
vocational education policy
policy tool
vocational education development chain
Content Analysis Method
