摘要
本文比较了两位彝语发音人(1男1女)朗读词中辅音的谱参数(谱重心和离散度),结果如下:清化与非清化的鼻音/边音的谱重心和离散度区别明显,清化音比非清化音的谱重心和离散度升高约为3倍至5倍;用谱重心和离散度可把鼻音与边音大致分开;清擦音的谱重心和离散度远大于浊擦音,大约为两倍以上。可以用谱重心值将清擦音按照发音部位划分为两组,谱重心小于2000Hz为后组,包括[h]和[x],谱重心大于3500Hz为前组,包括[■],[f],[■],[s]。如果以谱重心和离散度为坐标轴的两个维度,则擦音s的谱分布范围最大,f的谱相对位置最不稳定,其他清擦音的谱特征相对位置比较集中。当h位于词中时,受到前音节元音的影响而发音弱化,其谱重心和离散度都急剧减小。离散度是比谱重心更好、更稳定的区分清擦音的谱特征参数。
This paper compares the spectral features Center of Gravity(COG)and Dispersion of consonants in words of the Yi language,spoken at reading speed by one male and one female.The results are as follows:In terms of COG and Dispersion,voicelessnasals and voiceless laterals differ greatly with nasals and laterals.COG and Dispersion can also be applied to differentiate nasals from laterals.COG and Dispersion of voiceless fricatives are twice higher than that of voiced fricatives.As for voiceless fricatives,they can be divided into two groups by COG:[h]and[x](COG<2000)and[■],[f],[s],[s](COG>3500).In the XY plane defined by COG and dispersion,[s]has the largest distributional range,and the range of[f]is also large,while the other ansonants have relatively tight distributions.When consonant[h]is in the medial position of a word,its COG and Dispersion decrease sharply.Dispersion is superior to COG in differentiating voiceless fricatives.
出处
《中国语音学报》
2013年第1期93-101,共9页
Chinese Journal of Phonetics
基金
中国社会科学院民族所重点项目《中国少数民族语音声学参数统计分析》的资助
关键词
彝语
辅音谱
谱重心
离散度
Yi
Consonant spectrum
Center of Gravity
Dispersion
