摘要
基于对安徽三个村庄的研究 ,我们认为农村宗族在共和国前期没有被革命政权打碎 ,在改革中遭遇了历史性瓦解。在合作社和人民公社以村落为基础的集体化政策下 ,传统的集体性宗族因与新制度发生组织性同构而得以延续 ,并在农民面对灾难而向自身寻求保护资源时得到了增强。改革给予农民经济自主、乡村选举、进城劳动等现代权利 ,开始了其“公民化”进程 ,使宗族在大量年轻人离乡后失去了后继力量 。
Our field surveys of three villages in Anhui province demonstrate that in the early People's Republic a traditional corporate lineage often greatly influenced the system of rural cooperatives and people's communes, thus surviving in new organizations. We also show that such lineages became reconsolidated because their members relied upon a network of blood relationship as the last resort for protection and survival in the face of disasters. We believe that the reform era has given civil rights to peasants by permitting individual economic autonomy, voting on village leaders, and equal employment opportunities in urban centers. These rights, we argue, have profoundly undermined rural lineages by inducing a large young population to permanently leave the countryside, replacing traditional kinship with a modern social contract, and initiating a process of transforming peasants into citizens.
出处
《中国社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2004年第1期180-193,共14页
Social Sciences in China
