摘要
目的:调查维持性血液透析患者在长期血透治疗过程中乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)和丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)的感染情况并分析其原因,以达到进一步采取预防措施,防止血透患者感染HBV和HCV。方法:收集2003年5月在本院行维持性血液透析半年以上者共99例,调查其血透史及输血史,检查其血清HBV标志物(HBV鄄M)和HCV抗体(抗鄄HCV)情况,并与患者初始血透治疗前该指标比较,分析血透中HBV、HCV感染发生情况及原因。结果:①初始血透治疗前99例患者中抗鄄HBs阳性51例,HBV鄄M全阴性者48例;2003年5月51例抗鄄HBs阳性者仍保持不变,但48例HBV鄄M全阴性者中13例各HBV相关抗体出现,占27.1%,其余35例HBV鄄M仍为全阴性;13例出现HBV抗体的患者接受血透治疗平均为3.5年,9例有输血史,与35例仍为HBV鄄M全阴性者相比无显著差异。②初始血透治疗前99例患者中抗鄄HCV阳性2例,抗鄄HCV阴性者97例;2003年5月上述患者中新增抗鄄HCV阳性51例,新增感染者与未感染者相比,血透治疗的时间显著较长(P<0.01),有输血史的患者亦显著增加(P<0.05)。结论:与普通人群相比血透患者感染HBV的危险性相当大;血透患者中存在着较高的HCV感染率,可能与HCV有较大的变异性导致对传染源的诊断遗漏以及丙型肝炎传播途径的多样性有关。
Ob jective To investigate the prevalence and causes of hepatitis B virus(HBV)and he patitis C virus(HCV)infections in uremia patients treated by chronic hemodialysi s(HD).Methods HBV markers(HBV-M)and HCV antibody were retrospectively screened in99HD patients by a standard enzyme immunoassay in May2003,and history data of HD and blood transfusion in the patients were also collected.The data were compa red with those collected before their entrance of HD.Results Before HD,51out of9 9patients were found to be anti-HBs positive and48be HBV-M negative.After main tenance HD,the51patients kept positive in anti-HBs while13of the48(27.1%)HBV-M negative pa-tients turned into anti-HBs positive.The13patients received an av erage of3.5years HD therapy and9of them had histo-ry of blood transfusion,but t here were no significant differences between the13patients and the rest35in main tenance time of HD and number of patients with history of blood transfusion.Befo re HD,2of the99patients were anti-HCV posi-tive,after maintenance HD,other51pa tients became anti-HCV positive,and the51patients had a longer history[(4.6±3. 1)years]of HD(P<0.01)and most(n=44)of them had history of blood transfusion(P<0. 05)compared with the rest46[(1.7±1.2)years,n=30].Conclusions Chronic HD patient s have a higher risk of infecting HBV and HCV.
出处
《诊断学理论与实践》
2004年第1期9-11,共3页
Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice
