摘要
在中度熟化的红壤岗地上采取种植黑麦草和玉米植株饲喂肉牛,牛粪尿沼气发酵后的沼肥与化肥配施养草的方式,并以单施化肥养草喂牛的方式为对照,进行了2年的定位试验。结果证明:配施沼肥玉米植株的产量和养分积累量都高于单施化肥,而黑麦草正好相反。配施沼肥可节省1/2的化肥投入,效益甚为显著。牛对不同施肥的同种饲草中养分的消化率和牛粪尿对同种饲草中养分的回收率都差异不大,但两者呈显著和极显著的负相关。一头牛排泄的粪尿经沼气发酵后保存下来的养分量,可生产一头牛所需饲草的近一半,即可节约化肥投入近一半。且沼肥施用后土壤肥力得以保护和改善,为后续的饲草生产提供了较好的土壤条件。
Rye grass and maize were cultivated in mid-mellow hilly red soil. The forage was harvested to feed beef cattle. In the process of forage cultivation and cattle raising, two experimental treatments as follows were set: Treatment 1 (CK). Forage was treated with the application of chemical fertilizer only, and then was harvested to feed beef cattle; Treatment 2. Cattle feces and urine were fermented into biogas, then mixed with chemical fertilizer, the biogas-tank sludge was applied to forage fields to grow animal feed. After two years' fixed spot experiments, the results were as follows: With the mixed application of biogas-tank sludge, the yield and nutrient accumulation of maize plant were higher than those with the application of chemical fertilizer only, but on the contrary, those of rye grass were lower;the effect of the mixed application of 'chemical fertilizer + biogas-tank sludge' was significant, which could save chemical fertilizer by 1/2;with different fertilization compositions, there was little difference between cattle's digestion and recovery rate of the same forage nutrients, but the correlationships between them were negative and significantly negative;after fermentation, the amount of residual nutrients of one cattle's excrements in biogas-tank sludge could produce half of the forage needed by one beef cattle, which meant 1/2 chemical fertilizer could be saved;the mixed application of 'chemical fertilizer + biogas-tank sludge' could maintain and improve the soil fertility, which provided better soil conditions for the sustainable production of forage.
出处
《江西农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
2004年第1期68-72,共5页
Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis
基金
中澳合作"种草养牛"项目(赣科发科字2001118)
关键词
红壤岗地
黑麦草
种植
玉米
饲喂
肉牛
牛粪尿
沼气
发酵
沼肥
化肥
hilly red soil
forage cultivation and cattle raising
biogas fermentation
nutrient cycling and utilization
