摘要
目的 探索运用团体心理疗法 ,缓解或消除大学新生因环境变化而出现的生活、学习和人际交往适应障碍的有效性 ,增强适应能力 ,辅导并促进其心理健康成长。方法 采取心理测评量表 ( SCL-90 )和心理门诊约谈 ,将某医学院 97、98两个年级 1 1 2 6名新生中适应障碍新生各分 1组 ,每组 3 0人 ,运用团体心理疗法的基本技术 ,团体讨论、心理剧、行为放松练习等主要方法 ,结合自我评价表和心理量表前后对比研究。结果 1治疗前后 ,97年级新生分享经验的差异显著 ( P<0 .0 1 ) ;98年级新生分享经验、了解自己、有责任感的差异显著 ( P<0 .0 5 ) ,喜欢参与的差异高度显著 ( P<0 .0 1 ) ,关怀别人、信任自己等差异高度显著 ( P<0 .0 0 1 )。 2治疗前后 ,97年级新生躯体化、人际关系、抑郁差异显著 ( P<0 .0 5 ) ,强迫、焦虑、恐怖和精神病性差异高度显著 ( P<0 .0 1 ) ;98年级新生躯体化、恐怖差异显著 ( P<0 .0 5 ) ,抑郁方面差异高度显著 ( P<0 .0 1 )。3 97、98年级治疗前后自我评价和心理健康同时相互比较 ,差异显著性不一。结论 1团体心理疗法是治疗大学新生适应障碍的有效途径 ,具有改善面多、受众广等优点 ;2能较好地宣传和推动学校心理咨询工作 ,起到防患于未然的作用 ;有助于学生心理积极成长 ;3治疗?
Objective To explore effectiveness of group psychotherapy(GPT) that may relieve university freshman's symptoms of adjustment-disorder in daily life and studying,as well as interpersonal communication,because of environment changing,and eliminate their mental blocks,strengthen their ability of adjustment and make their psyche grow healthily.Methods By the result of SCL-90 and interview,we sampled 60 adjustment-disorder freshman from two different Grade 97 & 98,who were divided into two groups.Using GPT basic techniques and major methods such as group discussing,psychodrama,etc.We made a comparative research with the results of a self-rating table and SCL-90,with SPSS in t-test.Results ①In Grade 97,their autonomy are statistically significant(P<0.05),while their independence and self-awareness are statistically significant(P<0.01).There were significant difference.In Grade 98,their opening-up,self-awareness and felling of responsibility(P<0.05),and while their degrees of participate (P<0.01),caring-of-others,self-trust etc.(P<0.001);②There were significant difference between.body-symptoms,interpersonal relationship,depression In Grade 97(P<0.05),and while Obsessive compulsive,anxiety,phobia and character of schizoid (P<0.01).There were significant difference between.body-symptoms and phobia In Grade 98(P<0.05),and while Depression(P<0.01).③There were significant difference between Grade 97 and Grade 98 before and after Therapy each other.Conclusion ①GPT is an effective way to treat the adjustment-disorder.It has many advantages such as operative,wide changing aspects,members in large number.②It may propagates university Psychological counseling,and prevents many psychological disorder and is very helpful to students' psyche developing positively.③The change has character of group dynamic.The change of mental health is related to initial level of self-evaluation before therapy,and effectiveness of treatment is related to initial status of mental health in the group.
出处
《健康心理学杂志》
2004年第2期91-93,共3页
Health Psychology Journal
