随着世界各地人口年龄和预期寿命的增加,预计发生髋部骨折的老年人数量将逐年增多。髋部骨折好发于老年患者,早期手术修复作为其关键治疗方式能最大限度地减少并发症、降低死亡率,老年患者髋部手术后谵妄的发生率在4%~53%之间,是老年患...随着世界各地人口年龄和预期寿命的增加,预计发生髋部骨折的老年人数量将逐年增多。髋部骨折好发于老年患者,早期手术修复作为其关键治疗方式能最大限度地减少并发症、降低死亡率,老年患者髋部手术后谵妄的发生率在4%~53%之间,是老年患者最常见的手术并发症,与功能预后不良、住院时间延长及死亡率升高有关。术后谵妄的危险因素众多,有研究表明多达三分之一的高危患者可以预防谵妄的发生。针对其危险因素背后的机制探索可能帮助我们能更好地筛查和预防,更有针对性地制定围术期的医疗保健计划,从而在髋部骨折治疗后获得尽可能好的手术结果和更好的生活质量。As the age and life expectancy of populations around the world increase, the number of older people suffering hip fractures is expected to increase year by year. Hip fracture tends to occur in elderly patients, and early surgical repair as a key treatment can minimize complications and reduce mortality. The incidence of postoperative delirium in elderly patients ranges from 4% to 53%, and it is the most common surgical complication in elderly patients, which is associated with poor functional prognosis, prolonged hospital stay and increased mortality. There are many risk factors for postoperative delirium. Studies have shown that up to a third of high-risk patients can prevent delirium. Exploring the mechanism behind the risk factors may help us to better screen and prevent them, and develop a more targeted perioperative health care plan, so as to obtain the best possible surgical outcome and better quality of life after hip fracture treatment.展开更多
“完”和“了”是现代汉语体貌系统中重要的组成成分。文章将运用对比分析法、文献研究法和定性研究法,以这两个体貌标记“完1”与“了1”为研究对象,结合语料从句法和语义角度比较研究他们在语法程度以及句子中意义的差异,并且在此基...“完”和“了”是现代汉语体貌系统中重要的组成成分。文章将运用对比分析法、文献研究法和定性研究法,以这两个体貌标记“完1”与“了1”为研究对象,结合语料从句法和语义角度比较研究他们在语法程度以及句子中意义的差异,并且在此基础上通过分析两者之间的互换现象,总结归纳后试图找出其中的替换规律,探究两者不能互换的原因。得出初步结论:当“完1”或“了1”所在小句中省略宾语,由于受到动词类型,宾语等因素的影响,事件强调的焦点在“完1”上,插入其他体貌标记词,以及动词为强持续活动动词这四种情况下时两者不能互换。“Wan1” and “le1” are important components in the aspect system of modern Chinese. This paper will use comparative analysis, literature research and qualitative research methods and take these two aspect markers “wan1” and “le1” as the research object, and combine the corpus to compare and study their differences in grammar degree and meaning in sentences from the perspective of syntax and semantics. On this basis, by analyzing the interchangeability between the two, the paper tries to find out the substitution rule and explore the reasons why the two cannot be interchangeable. The preliminary conclusion is that when the object is omitted in the clause of “wan1” or “le1”, the emphasis of the event is on the “wan1”, other physical markers are inserted, and the verb is a strong continuous activity verb, the two cannot be interchangeable, because the verb type, object and other factors affect them.展开更多
文摘随着世界各地人口年龄和预期寿命的增加,预计发生髋部骨折的老年人数量将逐年增多。髋部骨折好发于老年患者,早期手术修复作为其关键治疗方式能最大限度地减少并发症、降低死亡率,老年患者髋部手术后谵妄的发生率在4%~53%之间,是老年患者最常见的手术并发症,与功能预后不良、住院时间延长及死亡率升高有关。术后谵妄的危险因素众多,有研究表明多达三分之一的高危患者可以预防谵妄的发生。针对其危险因素背后的机制探索可能帮助我们能更好地筛查和预防,更有针对性地制定围术期的医疗保健计划,从而在髋部骨折治疗后获得尽可能好的手术结果和更好的生活质量。As the age and life expectancy of populations around the world increase, the number of older people suffering hip fractures is expected to increase year by year. Hip fracture tends to occur in elderly patients, and early surgical repair as a key treatment can minimize complications and reduce mortality. The incidence of postoperative delirium in elderly patients ranges from 4% to 53%, and it is the most common surgical complication in elderly patients, which is associated with poor functional prognosis, prolonged hospital stay and increased mortality. There are many risk factors for postoperative delirium. Studies have shown that up to a third of high-risk patients can prevent delirium. Exploring the mechanism behind the risk factors may help us to better screen and prevent them, and develop a more targeted perioperative health care plan, so as to obtain the best possible surgical outcome and better quality of life after hip fracture treatment.
文摘“完”和“了”是现代汉语体貌系统中重要的组成成分。文章将运用对比分析法、文献研究法和定性研究法,以这两个体貌标记“完1”与“了1”为研究对象,结合语料从句法和语义角度比较研究他们在语法程度以及句子中意义的差异,并且在此基础上通过分析两者之间的互换现象,总结归纳后试图找出其中的替换规律,探究两者不能互换的原因。得出初步结论:当“完1”或“了1”所在小句中省略宾语,由于受到动词类型,宾语等因素的影响,事件强调的焦点在“完1”上,插入其他体貌标记词,以及动词为强持续活动动词这四种情况下时两者不能互换。“Wan1” and “le1” are important components in the aspect system of modern Chinese. This paper will use comparative analysis, literature research and qualitative research methods and take these two aspect markers “wan1” and “le1” as the research object, and combine the corpus to compare and study their differences in grammar degree and meaning in sentences from the perspective of syntax and semantics. On this basis, by analyzing the interchangeability between the two, the paper tries to find out the substitution rule and explore the reasons why the two cannot be interchangeable. The preliminary conclusion is that when the object is omitted in the clause of “wan1” or “le1”, the emphasis of the event is on the “wan1”, other physical markers are inserted, and the verb is a strong continuous activity verb, the two cannot be interchangeable, because the verb type, object and other factors affect them.
