Thirty-five new microsatellite loci from the sea cucumbers H olothurian scabra(Jaeger, 1833) and Apostichopus japonicas(Selenka, 1867) were screened and characterized using the method of magnetic bead enrichment. Of t...Thirty-five new microsatellite loci from the sea cucumbers H olothurian scabra(Jaeger, 1833) and Apostichopus japonicas(Selenka, 1867) were screened and characterized using the method of magnetic bead enrichment. Of the twenty-four polymorphic loci tested, eighteen were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium after a modified false discovery rate(B-Y FDR) correction, whereas six showed statistically significant deviations(CHS2 and CHS11: P <0.014 790; FCS1, FCS6, FCS8 and FCS14: P <0.015 377). Furthermore, four species of plesiomorphous and related sea cucumbers(Holothurian scabra, Holothuria leucospilota, Stichopus horrens and Apostichopus japonicas) were tested for mutual cross-amplification using a total of ninety microsatellite loci. Although transferability and universality of all loci were generally low, the results of the cross-species study showed that the markers can be applied to identify individuals to species according to the presence or absence of specific microsatellite alleles. The microsatellite markers reported here will contribute to the study of genetic diversity, assisted breeding, and population conservation in sea cucumbers, as well as allow for the identification of individuals to closely related species.展开更多
The present study evaluated ef fects of ultrafine powder of the green macroalgae E nteromopha prolifera as dietary supplement on growth performance, digestive enzyme activities and serum nonspecific immune responses o...The present study evaluated ef fects of ultrafine powder of the green macroalgae E nteromopha prolifera as dietary supplement on growth performance, digestive enzyme activities and serum nonspecific immune responses of the red tilapia(O reochromis mossambicus × Oreochromis niloticus). The red tilapia were fed five diets supplemented with different levels of E. prolifera ultrafine powder as well as a control diet containing no E. prolifera for seven weeks(Diets 0–6 contained 0(control), 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 g/kg of E. prolifera ultrafine powder, respectively). The results showed that diets supplemented with E. prolifera ultrafine powder generally improved growth, immunity and digestive enzyme activities of the red tilapia. In particular, the fish fed the diet incorporated 50 g/kg (5%) E. prolifera ultrafine powder(Diet 5) achieved the highest percentage weight gain, specific growth rate and the condition factor(increased by 15.4%, 8.0% and 5.7%, respectively when compared to the control). Feeding the diet also led to significantly increases( P <0.05) in serum nonspecific immune responses, including total superoxide dismutase, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, lysozyme activities and serum total protein(increased by 19.4%, 48.1%, 29.5%, 30.3% and 8.7%, respectively) as well as digestive enzyme activities of erepsin, gastric amylase, gastric lipase, pepsin, intestinal amylase and gastric lipase(increased by 15.7%, 33.3%, 16.3%, 21.3%, 52.3% and 28.2%, respectively) than those of the control. Based on these results, it is recommended that the inclusion level of E. prolifera ultrafine powder in the diet of the red tilapia should be 50 g/kg(or 5%).展开更多
[目的]比较黑棘鲷群体线粒体16S r RNA基因序列。[方法]运用黑棘鲷线粒体16Sr RNA基因片段,对来自我国沿海的10个野生黑棘鲷群体进行了遗传多样性以及遗传分化的分析。[结果]10个群体的80个个体中,碱基A、C、G、T的平均含量分别为31.6%...[目的]比较黑棘鲷群体线粒体16S r RNA基因序列。[方法]运用黑棘鲷线粒体16Sr RNA基因片段,对来自我国沿海的10个野生黑棘鲷群体进行了遗传多样性以及遗传分化的分析。[结果]10个群体的80个个体中,碱基A、C、G、T的平均含量分别为31.6%、24.2%、22.7%、21.5%,一共定义了9种单倍型,共发现16个多态位点,得出9种单倍型,遗传距离为0.000 0~0.006 3,10个黑棘鲷群体的平均单倍型多样性(Hd)为0.393,平均核苷酸多样性指数(Pi)为0.003 19,说明10个群体表现出了较低的Hd和较低的Pi,其中厦门群体的遗传多样性最大,这与厦门的地理位置及气候有关。AMOVA模块和系统进化树均显示来自10个群体黑棘鲷间遗传分化不显著,说明来自南北方的黑棘鲷属于同一个管理单元,分子中性进化检验显示舟山群体显著偏离中性进化。[结论]该研究可为鲷科鱼类的进化以及遗传多样性研究提供依据。展开更多
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(Nos.2014J01133,2017J01638)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31272668)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Fujian Province University and the Foundation for Innovative Research Team of Jimei University,China(No.2010A004)
文摘Thirty-five new microsatellite loci from the sea cucumbers H olothurian scabra(Jaeger, 1833) and Apostichopus japonicas(Selenka, 1867) were screened and characterized using the method of magnetic bead enrichment. Of the twenty-four polymorphic loci tested, eighteen were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium after a modified false discovery rate(B-Y FDR) correction, whereas six showed statistically significant deviations(CHS2 and CHS11: P <0.014 790; FCS1, FCS6, FCS8 and FCS14: P <0.015 377). Furthermore, four species of plesiomorphous and related sea cucumbers(Holothurian scabra, Holothuria leucospilota, Stichopus horrens and Apostichopus japonicas) were tested for mutual cross-amplification using a total of ninety microsatellite loci. Although transferability and universality of all loci were generally low, the results of the cross-species study showed that the markers can be applied to identify individuals to species according to the presence or absence of specific microsatellite alleles. The microsatellite markers reported here will contribute to the study of genetic diversity, assisted breeding, and population conservation in sea cucumbers, as well as allow for the identification of individuals to closely related species.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(No.2017J01638)the Science and Technology Project Grant of Xiamen City,China(No.3502Z20113029)the Key Project of Technology Grant of Fujian Province(No.2012N0018)
文摘The present study evaluated ef fects of ultrafine powder of the green macroalgae E nteromopha prolifera as dietary supplement on growth performance, digestive enzyme activities and serum nonspecific immune responses of the red tilapia(O reochromis mossambicus × Oreochromis niloticus). The red tilapia were fed five diets supplemented with different levels of E. prolifera ultrafine powder as well as a control diet containing no E. prolifera for seven weeks(Diets 0–6 contained 0(control), 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 g/kg of E. prolifera ultrafine powder, respectively). The results showed that diets supplemented with E. prolifera ultrafine powder generally improved growth, immunity and digestive enzyme activities of the red tilapia. In particular, the fish fed the diet incorporated 50 g/kg (5%) E. prolifera ultrafine powder(Diet 5) achieved the highest percentage weight gain, specific growth rate and the condition factor(increased by 15.4%, 8.0% and 5.7%, respectively when compared to the control). Feeding the diet also led to significantly increases( P <0.05) in serum nonspecific immune responses, including total superoxide dismutase, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, lysozyme activities and serum total protein(increased by 19.4%, 48.1%, 29.5%, 30.3% and 8.7%, respectively) as well as digestive enzyme activities of erepsin, gastric amylase, gastric lipase, pepsin, intestinal amylase and gastric lipase(increased by 15.7%, 33.3%, 16.3%, 21.3%, 52.3% and 28.2%, respectively) than those of the control. Based on these results, it is recommended that the inclusion level of E. prolifera ultrafine powder in the diet of the red tilapia should be 50 g/kg(or 5%).
