A visible-light-active photocatalyst was prepared by calcination of the hydrolysis product of tetrabutyl titanate with ammonia as precipitant. The photocatalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis dif...A visible-light-active photocatalyst was prepared by calcination of the hydrolysis product of tetrabutyl titanate with ammonia as precipitant. The photocatalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis diffuse reflection spectra (DRS), thermal gravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscope (SEM). The color of the photocatalyst was yellow and could absorb light wavelength under 550 nm as measured by DRS. The catalyst calcined at higher temperature will give lower absorbance for visible light. Structures of the sample were characterized mainly to be anatase by XRD except for the sample calcined at 700 ℃ which gave mixtures of anatase and rutile. TG-DTA results showed that temperature for anatase formation was 415 ℃. XPS results showed that doped-nitrogen was presented in the sample, they are important to show visible-light absorbency. The photocatalytic activities were evaluated using methyl orange and phenol as model pollutants, the results showed that over 90% of phenol could be degraded under visible light using N/TiO2 as the catalyst after 4 hours reaction. Almost the same activity was found for the TiO2 photocatalyst calcined at different temperature under sunlight but activities were different when the treatment was under UV light.展开更多
文摘A visible-light-active photocatalyst was prepared by calcination of the hydrolysis product of tetrabutyl titanate with ammonia as precipitant. The photocatalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis diffuse reflection spectra (DRS), thermal gravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscope (SEM). The color of the photocatalyst was yellow and could absorb light wavelength under 550 nm as measured by DRS. The catalyst calcined at higher temperature will give lower absorbance for visible light. Structures of the sample were characterized mainly to be anatase by XRD except for the sample calcined at 700 ℃ which gave mixtures of anatase and rutile. TG-DTA results showed that temperature for anatase formation was 415 ℃. XPS results showed that doped-nitrogen was presented in the sample, they are important to show visible-light absorbency. The photocatalytic activities were evaluated using methyl orange and phenol as model pollutants, the results showed that over 90% of phenol could be degraded under visible light using N/TiO2 as the catalyst after 4 hours reaction. Almost the same activity was found for the TiO2 photocatalyst calcined at different temperature under sunlight but activities were different when the treatment was under UV light.
文摘以直接耐酸大红4BS为研究对象,利用零价铁(ZVI)活化过硫酸钠(PDS)对其进行脱色研究,考察了PDS浓度、ZVI浓度、pH、温度等对脱色的影响.结果表明,一定浓度的ZVI与PDS联合使用能促进大红4BS的脱色,在20 min时脱色率达98.79%,远高于使用单一药剂的效率,且反应符合准一级反应动力学方程.低pH有利于反应的进行,随着pH值降低,反应速率逐渐加快,在pH=10.42时,反应90 min仅脱色9.41%,而在pH=3.03时脱色率达95.57%.温度的升高虽然能加快大红4BS的脱色,但是会使PDS的利用率降低,当温度由20℃增大到60℃时,PDS的利用率降低12%,且温度对大红4BS降解速率的影响符合阿伦尼乌斯模型(R2=0.988),计算的活化能为14.44 k J·mol-1.分别以叔丁醇与异丙醇为分子探针的自由基清除实验显示:ZVI活化PDS降解大红4BS是以SO-4·为主导的自由基反应过程.
