为了估算飞机在民航机场的污染物（HC、CO、NO，、SO2）排放量，基于国际民航组织（ICAO）标准中的起飞着陆（LTO）循环概念，采用其发动机排放数据库（Engine emission data bank），结合我国民航机队资料和民航飞行数据，通过计算全国...为了估算飞机在民航机场的污染物（HC、CO、NO，、SO2）排放量，基于国际民航组织（ICAO）标准中的起飞着陆（LTO）循环概念，采用其发动机排放数据库（Engine emission data bank），结合我国民航机队资料和民航飞行数据，通过计算全国123个机场1周内飞机LTO循环的气体污染物排放量，拟合出LTO循环数与各种污染气体排放因子的关系．结果表明，2002～2006年民航机场LTO循环排放量分别为24680．54、24701．30、31084．55、35633．84、40645．55t；2006年我国全民航机场飞机LTO循环HC、CO、NOx、SO2的排放量分别为1514．48、14341．16、23095．19、1694．71t，旅客吞吐量前20位的机场排放占全国排放总量的68．25％．考察对比了2003及2004年度全国7大空域的机场飞机LTO循环排放分布，结果表明，在标准LTO循环的进近、滑行、起飞以及爬升4种模式中，滑行段所排放的污染物约占整个循环的50％，滑行时间降低4min，排放总量降低6％．展开更多
Landscape quick design is an important approach to test students' scheme performance ability,and also a vital issue in current landscape design teaching.The study has discussed methods to improve ability for quick...Landscape quick design is an important approach to test students' scheme performance ability,and also a vital issue in current landscape design teaching.The study has discussed methods to improve ability for quick design in short time and employment competition of students of landscape major.By taking landscaping skill competition training in higher vocational schools of Zhejiang Province for example,from the perspective of characteristics of quick design,quick design training has been divided into six modules which are basic quality,schematic design,design theme,plants disposition,drawing effect and exam-oriented strategies;key points of training and exam-oriented strategies of each module have been illustrated at length;and finally five stages of training process have been listed,providing new thought for teaching of landscape quick design.展开更多
文摘为了估算飞机在民航机场的污染物（HC、CO、NO，、SO2）排放量，基于国际民航组织（ICAO）标准中的起飞着陆（LTO）循环概念，采用其发动机排放数据库（Engine emission data bank），结合我国民航机队资料和民航飞行数据，通过计算全国123个机场1周内飞机LTO循环的气体污染物排放量，拟合出LTO循环数与各种污染气体排放因子的关系．结果表明，2002～2006年民航机场LTO循环排放量分别为24680．54、24701．30、31084．55、35633．84、40645．55t；2006年我国全民航机场飞机LTO循环HC、CO、NOx、SO2的排放量分别为1514．48、14341．16、23095．19、1694．71t，旅客吞吐量前20位的机场排放占全国排放总量的68．25％．考察对比了2003及2004年度全国7大空域的机场飞机LTO循环排放分布，结果表明，在标准LTO循环的进近、滑行、起飞以及爬升4种模式中，滑行段所排放的污染物约占整个循环的50％，滑行时间降低4min，排放总量降低6％．
文摘Landscape quick design is an important approach to test students' scheme performance ability,and also a vital issue in current landscape design teaching.The study has discussed methods to improve ability for quick design in short time and employment competition of students of landscape major.By taking landscaping skill competition training in higher vocational schools of Zhejiang Province for example,from the perspective of characteristics of quick design,quick design training has been divided into six modules which are basic quality,schematic design,design theme,plants disposition,drawing effect and exam-oriented strategies;key points of training and exam-oriented strategies of each module have been illustrated at length;and finally five stages of training process have been listed,providing new thought for teaching of landscape quick design.
