龟裂碱土重度盐碱荒地主要分布在我国西北旱区,其土壤碱化度高、结构差、导水率低是制约其改良利用的关键因素。通过在滴头下方设置沙穴,探索在滴灌条件下种植枸杞的方式改良利用该盐碱荒地的可行性。通过设置-5 k Pa(S1)、-10 k Pa(S2)...龟裂碱土重度盐碱荒地主要分布在我国西北旱区,其土壤碱化度高、结构差、导水率低是制约其改良利用的关键因素。通过在滴头下方设置沙穴,探索在滴灌条件下种植枸杞的方式改良利用该盐碱荒地的可行性。通过设置-5 k Pa(S1)、-10 k Pa(S2)、-15 k Pa(S3)、-20 k Pa(S4)和-25 k Pa(S5)5个不同土壤基质势控制灌水下限处理,寻求最优的滴灌灌溉制度。结果表明,种植后土壤水分入渗性能得到显著改善,滴头下湿润区域面积不断增大,逐渐形成一个脱盐区(ECe<4 d S/m)。控制较高的土壤基质势下限,有利于土壤盐分的淋洗。滴灌种植后土壤的ECe/SARe显著增加,说明土壤盐分组成特征发生变化,土壤物理性质得到改善;土壤速效养分含量显著增加,其中硝态氮表现出较强的随水迁移性,存在淋失风险,而速效磷随水迁移性弱,主要积累在0~20 cm深度内。种植3 a之后,S1成活率最低(56.8%),S3最高(81.1%),而S2、S3和S4产量显著高于其他处理(p<0.05),三者之间差异不显著,均为900 kg/hm^2左右,达到当地良田水平。结合土壤水盐特征、养分分布及枸杞生长等各方面因素,可以通过在滴头下设置沙穴滴灌种植枸杞的方式改良龟裂碱土重度盐碱荒地,并在种植前2 a控制土壤基质势下限为-10 k Pa,从第3年改为-20 k Pa。展开更多
本数据集覆盖了整个黄土高原地区,空间分辨率为1 km,时间跨度从1901年1月至2014年12月。它是由英国东英格利亚大学气候研究中心(Climatic Research Unit,CRU)发布的全球0.5°气候数据集以及国家生态系统观测研究网络(CNERN)发布的...本数据集覆盖了整个黄土高原地区,空间分辨率为1 km,时间跨度从1901年1月至2014年12月。它是由英国东英格利亚大学气候研究中心(Climatic Research Unit,CRU)发布的全球0.5°气候数据集以及国家生态系统观测研究网络(CNERN)发布的中国区高分辨率气候数据集,通过Delta空间降尺度方法在黄土高原地区降尺度生成的。经地面观测数据验证表明,双线性插值法是4种插值方法中最适合黄土高原地区降尺度过程,Delta降尺度的气温和降水数据具有较高的精度。本数据集可为黄土高原地区生态环境、水文水资源的科学研究提供气候数据支撑。展开更多
We conducted a systematic census of leaf N for 102 plant species at 112 research sites along the North-South Transect of Eastern China （NSTEC） following the same protocol, to explore how plant functional types （PFT...We conducted a systematic census of leaf N for 102 plant species at 112 research sites along the North-South Transect of Eastern China （NSTEC） following the same protocol, to explore how plant functional types （PFTs） and environmental factors affect the spatial pattern of leaf N. The results showed that mean leaf N was 17.7 mg g^-1 for all plant species. The highest and lowest leaf N were found in deciduous-broadleaf and evergreen-conifer species, respectively, and the ranking of leaf N from high to low was： deciduous 〉 evergreen species, broadleaf 〉 coniferous species, shrubs ≈ trees 〉 grasses. For all data pooled, leaf N showed a convex quadratic response to mean annual temperature （MAT）, and a negative linear relationship with mean annual precipitation （MAP）, but a positive linear relationship with soil nitrogen concentration （Nsoil）. These patterns were similar when PFTs were examined individually. Importantly, PFTs, climate and Nsoil, jointly explained 46.1% of the spatial variation in leaf N, of which the independent explanatory powers of PFTs, climate and Nsoil, were 15.6%, 2.3% and 4.7%, respectively. Our findings suggest that leaf N is regulated by climate and Nsoil, mainly via plant species composition. The wide scale empirical relationships developed here are useful for understanding and modeling of the effects of PFTs and environmental factors on leaf N.展开更多
文摘龟裂碱土重度盐碱荒地主要分布在我国西北旱区,其土壤碱化度高、结构差、导水率低是制约其改良利用的关键因素。通过在滴头下方设置沙穴,探索在滴灌条件下种植枸杞的方式改良利用该盐碱荒地的可行性。通过设置-5 k Pa(S1)、-10 k Pa(S2)、-15 k Pa(S3)、-20 k Pa(S4)和-25 k Pa(S5)5个不同土壤基质势控制灌水下限处理,寻求最优的滴灌灌溉制度。结果表明,种植后土壤水分入渗性能得到显著改善,滴头下湿润区域面积不断增大,逐渐形成一个脱盐区(ECe<4 d S/m)。控制较高的土壤基质势下限,有利于土壤盐分的淋洗。滴灌种植后土壤的ECe/SARe显著增加,说明土壤盐分组成特征发生变化,土壤物理性质得到改善;土壤速效养分含量显著增加,其中硝态氮表现出较强的随水迁移性,存在淋失风险,而速效磷随水迁移性弱,主要积累在0~20 cm深度内。种植3 a之后,S1成活率最低(56.8%),S3最高(81.1%),而S2、S3和S4产量显著高于其他处理(p<0.05),三者之间差异不显著,均为900 kg/hm^2左右,达到当地良田水平。结合土壤水盐特征、养分分布及枸杞生长等各方面因素,可以通过在滴头下设置沙穴滴灌种植枸杞的方式改良龟裂碱土重度盐碱荒地,并在种植前2 a控制土壤基质势下限为-10 k Pa,从第3年改为-20 k Pa。
文摘本数据集覆盖了整个黄土高原地区,空间分辨率为1 km,时间跨度从1901年1月至2014年12月。它是由英国东英格利亚大学气候研究中心(Climatic Research Unit,CRU)发布的全球0.5°气候数据集以及国家生态系统观测研究网络(CNERN)发布的中国区高分辨率气候数据集,通过Delta空间降尺度方法在黄土高原地区降尺度生成的。经地面观测数据验证表明,双线性插值法是4种插值方法中最适合黄土高原地区降尺度过程,Delta降尺度的气温和降水数据具有较高的精度。本数据集可为黄土高原地区生态环境、水文水资源的科学研究提供气候数据支撑。
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program (2010CB833504)the CAS Strategic Priority Research Program (XDA05050602)
文摘We conducted a systematic census of leaf N for 102 plant species at 112 research sites along the North-South Transect of Eastern China （NSTEC） following the same protocol, to explore how plant functional types （PFTs） and environmental factors affect the spatial pattern of leaf N. The results showed that mean leaf N was 17.7 mg g^-1 for all plant species. The highest and lowest leaf N were found in deciduous-broadleaf and evergreen-conifer species, respectively, and the ranking of leaf N from high to low was： deciduous 〉 evergreen species, broadleaf 〉 coniferous species, shrubs ≈ trees 〉 grasses. For all data pooled, leaf N showed a convex quadratic response to mean annual temperature （MAT）, and a negative linear relationship with mean annual precipitation （MAP）, but a positive linear relationship with soil nitrogen concentration （Nsoil）. These patterns were similar when PFTs were examined individually. Importantly, PFTs, climate and Nsoil, jointly explained 46.1% of the spatial variation in leaf N, of which the independent explanatory powers of PFTs, climate and Nsoil, were 15.6%, 2.3% and 4.7%, respectively. Our findings suggest that leaf N is regulated by climate and Nsoil, mainly via plant species composition. The wide scale empirical relationships developed here are useful for understanding and modeling of the effects of PFTs and environmental factors on leaf N.
