目的采用Meta分析评价会阴按摩对预防分娩时会阴损伤的影响。方法计算机检索PubMed、CINAHL、Web of Science、中国知网、万方数据库相关文献,检索时间为1950年1月—2018年3月。根据纳入标准查找会阴按摩对分娩时会阴结局影响文献,采用R...目的采用Meta分析评价会阴按摩对预防分娩时会阴损伤的影响。方法计算机检索PubMed、CINAHL、Web of Science、中国知网、万方数据库相关文献,检索时间为1950年1月—2018年3月。根据纳入标准查找会阴按摩对分娩时会阴结局影响文献,采用Rev Man 5.3软件对文献数据进行分析。结果最终共纳入14项研究,共纳入病例数6 119例。分为妊娠晚期会阴按摩初产妇组,妊娠晚期会阴按摩经产妇组及分娩期会阴按摩初产妇组3个亚组进行分析,分析结果示:妊娠晚期会阴按摩保持初产妇会阴完整性的作用和分娩时会阴按摩预防初产妇3度以上会阴撕裂的发生率,差异有统计学意义;统计值分别是[RR:1.43,95%CI(1.28,1.61),P<0.00001];[RR:0.45,95%CI(0.23,0.89),P=0.02]。在人群亚组分析结果显示:妊娠晚期会阴按摩对经产妇的会阴完整[RR:1.08,95%CI(0.84,1.39)]、会阴侧切率[RR:0.83,95%CI(0.51,1.35)]、会阴1度撕裂[RR:1.03,95%CI(0.67,1.59)]、2度撕裂[RR:0.98,95%CI(0.73,1.31)]及3度以上会阴撕裂[RR:0.51,95%CI(0.05,5.67)]差异均无统计学意义;妊娠晚期会阴按摩对初产妇的会阴侧切率[RR:0.97,95%CI(0.79,1.18)]、会阴1度撕裂[RR:1.01,95%CI(0.82,1.25)]、2度撕裂[RR:0.95,95%CI(0.78,1.14)]及3度以上会阴撕裂[RR:0.86,95%CI(0.62,1.18)];分娩时会阴按摩对初产妇的会阴侧切率[RR:0.84,95%CI(0.68,1.04)]、会阴完整率[RR:1.03,95%CI(0.87,1.23)]及会阴1度撕裂[RR:1.13,95%CI(0.89,1.42)]、2度撕裂[RR:1.04,95%CI(0.88,1.25)]均无统计学意义。结论妊娠晚期会阴按摩有利于保持初产妇会阴的完整性,分娩时会阴按摩可预防初产妇的严重会阴撕裂,但妊娠晚期会阴按摩对降低初产妇会阴侧切率和预防1度、2度会阴撕裂;对保持经产妇的会阴完整性及预防会阴撕裂作用效果不明显。展开更多
The work is to investigate the effects of electromagnetic pulses (EMP) irradiation on the procreative system and to provide references for protecting EMP irradiation. BALB/C female or male mice were exposed to EMP rad...The work is to investigate the effects of electromagnetic pulses (EMP) irradiation on the procreative system and to provide references for protecting EMP irradiation. BALB/C female or male mice were exposed to EMP radiation (95.41kV m-1 field intensity, 3×106 and 4×106 pulses). Using the method of embryos teratology, BALB/C female mice were examined to pregnancy rate, the numbers of embryos and gender ratio after the ex- posed female or male mice mated with the shamed male or female respectively at the 1day and 2 month. For part of the EMP 3×106 pulses exposed group, the birth filial generation and learning ability of filial generation was tested with Y type electricity labyrinth, and when the filial grew up, their reaction latency for thermal nociception was tested on a 50℃ surface. In comparison to the sham control, pregnancy rate decreased with the female group exposed to 3×106 pulses EMP radiation and mated 1d after the exposure, and fetal deaths rate increased with the 4×106 pulses EMP irradiation and 1d mated group, resorption embryos rate increased (p<0.05) with the exposed and 2 month mated male or female whereas, the other indexes didn’t change. Learning times of the filial genera- tion whose either parent had been exposed increased distinctly with the control. The first latency on filial genera- tion of the exposed female prolonged comparing to the control, but no significant differences were found in the other indexes. These results suggest that the EMP irradiation can induce some degree of injury on procreative sys- tem of mice, causing decreased pregnancy rate, increased fetal death rate and resorption embryos rate, and de- creased learning ability of the filial generation. However, there were no evidence for effects of the EMP exposure on nociception of the filial generation. Further investigations are necessary to elucidate mechanisms of the EMP irradiation.展开更多
文摘目的采用Meta分析评价会阴按摩对预防分娩时会阴损伤的影响。方法计算机检索PubMed、CINAHL、Web of Science、中国知网、万方数据库相关文献,检索时间为1950年1月—2018年3月。根据纳入标准查找会阴按摩对分娩时会阴结局影响文献,采用Rev Man 5.3软件对文献数据进行分析。结果最终共纳入14项研究,共纳入病例数6 119例。分为妊娠晚期会阴按摩初产妇组,妊娠晚期会阴按摩经产妇组及分娩期会阴按摩初产妇组3个亚组进行分析,分析结果示:妊娠晚期会阴按摩保持初产妇会阴完整性的作用和分娩时会阴按摩预防初产妇3度以上会阴撕裂的发生率,差异有统计学意义;统计值分别是[RR:1.43,95%CI(1.28,1.61),P<0.00001];[RR:0.45,95%CI(0.23,0.89),P=0.02]。在人群亚组分析结果显示:妊娠晚期会阴按摩对经产妇的会阴完整[RR:1.08,95%CI(0.84,1.39)]、会阴侧切率[RR:0.83,95%CI(0.51,1.35)]、会阴1度撕裂[RR:1.03,95%CI(0.67,1.59)]、2度撕裂[RR:0.98,95%CI(0.73,1.31)]及3度以上会阴撕裂[RR:0.51,95%CI(0.05,5.67)]差异均无统计学意义;妊娠晚期会阴按摩对初产妇的会阴侧切率[RR:0.97,95%CI(0.79,1.18)]、会阴1度撕裂[RR:1.01,95%CI(0.82,1.25)]、2度撕裂[RR:0.95,95%CI(0.78,1.14)]及3度以上会阴撕裂[RR:0.86,95%CI(0.62,1.18)];分娩时会阴按摩对初产妇的会阴侧切率[RR:0.84,95%CI(0.68,1.04)]、会阴完整率[RR:1.03,95%CI(0.87,1.23)]及会阴1度撕裂[RR:1.13,95%CI(0.89,1.42)]、2度撕裂[RR:1.04,95%CI(0.88,1.25)]均无统计学意义。结论妊娠晚期会阴按摩有利于保持初产妇会阴的完整性,分娩时会阴按摩可预防初产妇的严重会阴撕裂,但妊娠晚期会阴按摩对降低初产妇会阴侧切率和预防1度、2度会阴撕裂;对保持经产妇的会阴完整性及预防会阴撕裂作用效果不明显。
文摘The work is to investigate the effects of electromagnetic pulses (EMP) irradiation on the procreative system and to provide references for protecting EMP irradiation. BALB/C female or male mice were exposed to EMP radiation (95.41kV m-1 field intensity, 3×106 and 4×106 pulses). Using the method of embryos teratology, BALB/C female mice were examined to pregnancy rate, the numbers of embryos and gender ratio after the ex- posed female or male mice mated with the shamed male or female respectively at the 1day and 2 month. For part of the EMP 3×106 pulses exposed group, the birth filial generation and learning ability of filial generation was tested with Y type electricity labyrinth, and when the filial grew up, their reaction latency for thermal nociception was tested on a 50℃ surface. In comparison to the sham control, pregnancy rate decreased with the female group exposed to 3×106 pulses EMP radiation and mated 1d after the exposure, and fetal deaths rate increased with the 4×106 pulses EMP irradiation and 1d mated group, resorption embryos rate increased (p<0.05) with the exposed and 2 month mated male or female whereas, the other indexes didn’t change. Learning times of the filial genera- tion whose either parent had been exposed increased distinctly with the control. The first latency on filial genera- tion of the exposed female prolonged comparing to the control, but no significant differences were found in the other indexes. These results suggest that the EMP irradiation can induce some degree of injury on procreative sys- tem of mice, causing decreased pregnancy rate, increased fetal death rate and resorption embryos rate, and de- creased learning ability of the filial generation. However, there were no evidence for effects of the EMP exposure on nociception of the filial generation. Further investigations are necessary to elucidate mechanisms of the EMP irradiation.
