[Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics and mechanism of chemical emasculation in rapeseed and to provide the theoretical basis for development and utilization of new chemical gametoci...[Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics and mechanism of chemical emasculation in rapeseed and to provide the theoretical basis for development and utilization of new chemical gametocides.[Method] The activity of peroxidase,catalase and the content of hydrogen peroxide,malondialdehyde in leaves and flower buds of Brassica napus cultivars Qinyou No.3 and L89 induced by the chemical gametocide EXP in the course of male sterility were studied.[Result] Protective enzyme activity and the content of hydrogen peroxide,malondialdehyde in rapeseed treated with EXP changed significantly,which indicated that active oxygen metabolism was abnormal.Furthermore,there was a significant difference in the reaction degree of different cultivars and organs treated by EXP.[Conclusion] There was a correlation between the disturbance of active oxygen metabolism and the male sterility induced by chemical gametocide EXP.展开更多
【目的】利用田间试验,从土壤团聚体角度入手,着力探究不同生物炭施入量对热带农田的改良效果,以提高土壤质量。【方法】试验采用花生壳生物炭,施入量分别为10 t hm^(-2)(P10)、20 t hm^(-2)(P20)、40 t hm^(-2)(P40)和60 t hm^(-2)(P6...【目的】利用田间试验,从土壤团聚体角度入手,着力探究不同生物炭施入量对热带农田的改良效果,以提高土壤质量。【方法】试验采用花生壳生物炭,施入量分别为10 t hm^(-2)(P10)、20 t hm^(-2)(P20)、40 t hm^(-2)(P40)和60 t hm^(-2)(P60),以不施入生物炭(CK)为对照,共计5个处理。在施入生物炭一年后,取0~10 cm、10~20 cm和20~30 cm土壤测其团聚体组成和土壤有机碳、全氮含量。【结果】生物炭施入显著增加了10~20 cm土层2~1 mm和20~30 cm土层<0.25 mm粒径团聚体含量,同时,显著增加了10~20 cm土层团聚体稳定性;生物炭施入使原土和各粒径团聚体有机碳和全氮含量有不同程度提升,在P40和P60处理下提升效果最明显;生物炭施入增加了10~20 cm土层2~1 mm粒径团聚体有机碳和全氮贡献率;P60处理增加了0~10 cm和10~20 cm土层几乎所有粒径团聚体和原土C/N;生物炭施入量、土层深度及其交互作用对土壤团聚体稳定性、团聚体组成、团聚体有机碳和全氮含量有显著影响。【结论】施入生物炭可显著提高10~20 cm土层土壤团聚体稳定性,施入40 t hm^(-2)和60 t hm^(-2)生物炭时对土壤团聚体有机碳和全氮含量提升效果最明显。因此施入40 t hm^(-2)以上生物炭时可以有效改良热带农田土壤,提高土壤质量。展开更多
基金Supported by the Special Research Fund of "National life Science&Technology Training Base" of Northwest A&F University[2006-(1)-061]~~
文摘[Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics and mechanism of chemical emasculation in rapeseed and to provide the theoretical basis for development and utilization of new chemical gametocides.[Method] The activity of peroxidase,catalase and the content of hydrogen peroxide,malondialdehyde in leaves and flower buds of Brassica napus cultivars Qinyou No.3 and L89 induced by the chemical gametocide EXP in the course of male sterility were studied.[Result] Protective enzyme activity and the content of hydrogen peroxide,malondialdehyde in rapeseed treated with EXP changed significantly,which indicated that active oxygen metabolism was abnormal.Furthermore,there was a significant difference in the reaction degree of different cultivars and organs treated by EXP.[Conclusion] There was a correlation between the disturbance of active oxygen metabolism and the male sterility induced by chemical gametocide EXP.
文摘【目的】利用田间试验,从土壤团聚体角度入手,着力探究不同生物炭施入量对热带农田的改良效果,以提高土壤质量。【方法】试验采用花生壳生物炭,施入量分别为10 t hm^(-2)(P10)、20 t hm^(-2)(P20)、40 t hm^(-2)(P40)和60 t hm^(-2)(P60),以不施入生物炭(CK)为对照,共计5个处理。在施入生物炭一年后,取0~10 cm、10~20 cm和20~30 cm土壤测其团聚体组成和土壤有机碳、全氮含量。【结果】生物炭施入显著增加了10~20 cm土层2~1 mm和20~30 cm土层<0.25 mm粒径团聚体含量,同时,显著增加了10~20 cm土层团聚体稳定性;生物炭施入使原土和各粒径团聚体有机碳和全氮含量有不同程度提升,在P40和P60处理下提升效果最明显;生物炭施入增加了10~20 cm土层2~1 mm粒径团聚体有机碳和全氮贡献率;P60处理增加了0~10 cm和10~20 cm土层几乎所有粒径团聚体和原土C/N;生物炭施入量、土层深度及其交互作用对土壤团聚体稳定性、团聚体组成、团聚体有机碳和全氮含量有显著影响。【结论】施入生物炭可显著提高10~20 cm土层土壤团聚体稳定性,施入40 t hm^(-2)和60 t hm^(-2)生物炭时对土壤团聚体有机碳和全氮含量提升效果最明显。因此施入40 t hm^(-2)以上生物炭时可以有效改良热带农田土壤,提高土壤质量。
