目的评估及量化年轻人血压升高与未来发生心血管事件风险的关系。研究设计系统评价及meta分析。数据来源搜索Medline、Embase和Web of Science从创建到2020年3月6日的所有文献。使用随机效应模型汇总相对风险,并以95%可信区间(CI)表示...目的评估及量化年轻人血压升高与未来发生心血管事件风险的关系。研究设计系统评价及meta分析。数据来源搜索Medline、Embase和Web of Science从创建到2020年3月6日的所有文献。使用随机效应模型汇总相对风险,并以95%可信区间(CI)表示。同时,还计算了绝对风险差异,以及通过限制性三次样条图评估血压及不良结局的量效反应关系。研究的纳入标准所纳入的研究需报道18~45岁成年人血压升高与不良结局的关系。文章的主要终点是所有心血管事件的总和,次要终点为冠心病、卒中及全因死亡。结果本研究共纳入17项研究,总人数超过450万人。平均随访时间14.7年。与最适血压相比,血压正常的年轻人发生心血管事件的风险增加[相对风险1.19,95%CI 1.08~1.31;危险差0.37,95%CI(0.16~0.61)/1000人年]。血压分层与心血管事件的发生风险是逐级递增的[正常高值:相对风险1.35,95%CI 1.22~1.49;危险差0.69,95%CI(0.43~0.97)/1000人年;1级高血压:1.92,1.68~2.19;1.81,1.34~2.34;2级高血压:3.15,2.31~4.29;4.24,2.58~6.48]。在冠心病和卒中终点中同样观察到类似关系。总体来说,血压升高导致发生心血管事件的人群归因危险度为23.8%(95%CI 17.9%~28.8%)。对血压正常、血压正常高值、1级高血压,2级高血压的个体来说,预防1例心血管事件的每年需治数(NNT)分别为2672例(95%CI 1639~6250),1450例(1031~2326),552例(427~746)及236例(154~388)。结论血压升高的年轻人未来发生心血管事件的风险可能略有增加。由于降压治疗的证据有限,应谨慎建议治疗,而且需要更深入的研究进一步明确。展开更多
Background Pulmonary arterial hypertension(PAH) is a common complication of connective tissue disease(CTD) and confers a worse prognosis. Stress doppler echocardiography(SDE) can detect early pulmonary vasculopathy an...Background Pulmonary arterial hypertension(PAH) is a common complication of connective tissue disease(CTD) and confers a worse prognosis. Stress doppler echocardiography(SDE) can detect early pulmonary vasculopathy and assess right heart function in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. In this study, the SDE was applied to analyze the degree of pulmonary vascular lesion and the function of right heart in CTD patients without overt PAH. Methods CTD patients without overt PAH were divided into exercised-induced pulmonary hypertension(EIPH) group and non-EIPH group depending on whether tricuspid regurgitation(TR) exceeded 3.1 m/s during exercise and assessed by echocardiography at rest and during exercise. The data of right ventricular function and the slope of the incremental of the mean pulmonary artery pressure and cardiac output(ΔmPAP/ΔCO) were analyzed. Results Forty-seven CTD patients without overt PAH(35 female, mean age 40.3±12.0 years) were enrolled and divided into EIPH group(n=21) and non-EIPH group(n=26). Patients with systemic sclerosis(SSc) were more likely to have EIPH(47.6% vs. 28.6%, P<0.05) than those with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE). Patients in EIPH group had a higher value of ΔmPAP/ΔCO than that of the non-EIPH group(4.5±3.1 vs. 2.2±1.3, P<0.05). SSc was more prevalent in CTD patients and the symptoms of dyspnea occurred more often in EIPH group(52.4%), indicating a pressure-flow mismatch induced by exercise. However, the cardiac function demonstrated by left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion(TAPSE),DTI-Derived S'-wave velocity(S') and right ventricular fractional area change(RVFAC), as well as functional reserve reflected by the changes of TAPSE, S', RVFAC before and after exercise, did not differ significantly between the two groups. Conclusions Although right ventricular(RV) reserve function does not change much before and after exercise, patients in EIPH group have a higher value of ΔmPAP/ΔCO than that of the non-EIPH group and more likely to have symptoms during exercise. Thus, to assess the potential for pulmonary vascular disease, echocardiography should be performed at rest and during exercise.[S Chin J Cardiol 2019;20(1):31-36]展开更多
Background The myocyte dysfunction may be present in aortic stenosis(AS) patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF).Early aortic valve replacement(AVR) can reverse the LV hypertrophy and improve ...Background The myocyte dysfunction may be present in aortic stenosis(AS) patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF).Early aortic valve replacement(AVR) can reverse the LV hypertrophy and improve LV systolic performance and clinical outcome.Strain imaging has demonstrated to be the most appropriate method to evaluate LV myocardial contractility.However,4D-strain imaging echocardiography for the detection of subclinical left ventricular dysfunction in AS patients with preserved LVEF is seldom studied.Methods We prospectively enrolled 30 consecutive moderate to severe AS patients with preserved LVEF,and 30 healthy controls.Conventional echocardiography and 4D-strain imaging echocardiography were undergone in two groups.The 4D strain echocardiographic analyses were undertaken by using 4D Auto LVQ software.Results Compared with the healthy controls,the moderate to severe AS patients with preserved LVEF had significantly decreased global radial strain(GRS),global longitudinal strain(GLS),global area strain(GAS) and 4D strain(P <0.05),had significantly increased left ventricular end-diastolic volume index(LVEDVI) and left ventricular mass index(LVMI)(P < 0.05),and had lower global circumferential strain(GCS)(P > 0.05).Conclusions Impaired LV myocardial contractility exists in moderate to severe AS patients,although LVEF is preserved.4D-strain imaging echocardiography can detect early left ventricular dysfunction in AS patients with preserved LVEF.展开更多
基金supported by medical science and technology research fund of Guangdong Province(No.A2016131)
文摘Background Pulmonary arterial hypertension(PAH) is a common complication of connective tissue disease(CTD) and confers a worse prognosis. Stress doppler echocardiography(SDE) can detect early pulmonary vasculopathy and assess right heart function in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. In this study, the SDE was applied to analyze the degree of pulmonary vascular lesion and the function of right heart in CTD patients without overt PAH. Methods CTD patients without overt PAH were divided into exercised-induced pulmonary hypertension(EIPH) group and non-EIPH group depending on whether tricuspid regurgitation(TR) exceeded 3.1 m/s during exercise and assessed by echocardiography at rest and during exercise. The data of right ventricular function and the slope of the incremental of the mean pulmonary artery pressure and cardiac output(ΔmPAP/ΔCO) were analyzed. Results Forty-seven CTD patients without overt PAH(35 female, mean age 40.3±12.0 years) were enrolled and divided into EIPH group(n=21) and non-EIPH group(n=26). Patients with systemic sclerosis(SSc) were more likely to have EIPH(47.6% vs. 28.6%, P<0.05) than those with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE). Patients in EIPH group had a higher value of ΔmPAP/ΔCO than that of the non-EIPH group(4.5±3.1 vs. 2.2±1.3, P<0.05). SSc was more prevalent in CTD patients and the symptoms of dyspnea occurred more often in EIPH group(52.4%), indicating a pressure-flow mismatch induced by exercise. However, the cardiac function demonstrated by left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion(TAPSE),DTI-Derived S'-wave velocity(S') and right ventricular fractional area change(RVFAC), as well as functional reserve reflected by the changes of TAPSE, S', RVFAC before and after exercise, did not differ significantly between the two groups. Conclusions Although right ventricular(RV) reserve function does not change much before and after exercise, patients in EIPH group have a higher value of ΔmPAP/ΔCO than that of the non-EIPH group and more likely to have symptoms during exercise. Thus, to assess the potential for pulmonary vascular disease, echocardiography should be performed at rest and during exercise.[S Chin J Cardiol 2019;20(1):31-36]
基金supported by Medical Research Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.A2014008)
文摘Background The myocyte dysfunction may be present in aortic stenosis(AS) patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF).Early aortic valve replacement(AVR) can reverse the LV hypertrophy and improve LV systolic performance and clinical outcome.Strain imaging has demonstrated to be the most appropriate method to evaluate LV myocardial contractility.However,4D-strain imaging echocardiography for the detection of subclinical left ventricular dysfunction in AS patients with preserved LVEF is seldom studied.Methods We prospectively enrolled 30 consecutive moderate to severe AS patients with preserved LVEF,and 30 healthy controls.Conventional echocardiography and 4D-strain imaging echocardiography were undergone in two groups.The 4D strain echocardiographic analyses were undertaken by using 4D Auto LVQ software.Results Compared with the healthy controls,the moderate to severe AS patients with preserved LVEF had significantly decreased global radial strain(GRS),global longitudinal strain(GLS),global area strain(GAS) and 4D strain(P <0.05),had significantly increased left ventricular end-diastolic volume index(LVEDVI) and left ventricular mass index(LVMI)(P < 0.05),and had lower global circumferential strain(GCS)(P > 0.05).Conclusions Impaired LV myocardial contractility exists in moderate to severe AS patients,although LVEF is preserved.4D-strain imaging echocardiography can detect early left ventricular dysfunction in AS patients with preserved LVEF.
