在由煤矸石、粉煤灰和污泥构成的矿区复合基质上种植黑麦草进行矿区复垦试验,分析了不同复垦阶段土壤微生物功能多样性和酶活性的差异,以揭示矿区复垦过程中免施肥的可行性。结果表明,矿区复垦土壤微生物功能多样性和酶活性随复垦时间...在由煤矸石、粉煤灰和污泥构成的矿区复合基质上种植黑麦草进行矿区复垦试验,分析了不同复垦阶段土壤微生物功能多样性和酶活性的差异,以揭示矿区复垦过程中免施肥的可行性。结果表明,矿区复垦土壤微生物功能多样性和酶活性随复垦时间的延长而显著提高。复垦23个月后,矿区复垦土壤的全氮、速效磷和速效钾含量分别比复垦种植前降低72.05%、67.86%和60.19%,蔗糖酶、脱氢酶、脲酶和碱性磷酸酶活性增加1.30～7.56倍。Biolog微平板培养测试结果显示,矿区复垦16和23个月的土壤微生物群落AWCD(average well colour devel-opment)值,微生物Shannon多样性指数、Simpson指数、McIntosh指数均显著高于复垦种植前(P<0.05)。微生物多样性相关参数与土壤酶活性及土壤有机质含量之间呈显著正相关(P<0.05或P<0.01),与土壤全氮、速效磷、速效钾含量之间呈显著负相关(P<0.05或P<0.01)。在矿区复垦过程中污泥作为有机添加物有助于促进植物生长和提高微生物活性。展开更多
Poyang Lake is the largest freshwater lake in China, and it has a seasonal flooding cycle that significantly changes the water level every year. The aim of this paper was to explain how these hydrological changes infl...Poyang Lake is the largest freshwater lake in China, and it has a seasonal flooding cycle that significantly changes the water level every year. The aim of this paper was to explain how these hydrological changes influence diatom populations in Poyang Lake. The yearly hydrological cycle can be divided into 4 phases: low water-level phase, increasing water-level phase, high water-level phase and decreasing waterlevel phase. Variations in the abundance of planktonic diatoms were studied using quarterly monitoring data collected from January 2009 to October 2013. Generally, diatoms were dominant in Poyang Lake and accounted for more than 50% of the total phytoplankton biomass except in July 2009(26%) and January 2012(35%). Aulacoseira granulata and Surirella robusta were the predominant species in all four phases, and they accounted for 25.02% to 56.89% and 5.07% to 14.78% of the total phytoplankton biomass, respectively. A redundancy analysis(RDA) showed that changes in physico-chemical parameter were related to the water level, and changes in diatom biomass were related to nitrite levels and p H. These results indicate that changes in environmental parameters related to both seasonal variations and water-level fluctuations caused variations in diatom biomass and community composition in Poyang Lake. Furthermore, extreme hydrological events can have different influences on the diatom community composition in the main channel and lentic regions. This research provides data on the diatom variations in Poyang Lake and will be useful for establishing biological indicators of environmental change and protecting Poyang Lake in the future.展开更多
文摘在由煤矸石、粉煤灰和污泥构成的矿区复合基质上种植黑麦草进行矿区复垦试验,分析了不同复垦阶段土壤微生物功能多样性和酶活性的差异,以揭示矿区复垦过程中免施肥的可行性。结果表明,矿区复垦土壤微生物功能多样性和酶活性随复垦时间的延长而显著提高。复垦23个月后,矿区复垦土壤的全氮、速效磷和速效钾含量分别比复垦种植前降低72.05%、67.86%和60.19%,蔗糖酶、脱氢酶、脲酶和碱性磷酸酶活性增加1.30～7.56倍。Biolog微平板培养测试结果显示,矿区复垦16和23个月的土壤微生物群落AWCD(average well colour devel-opment)值,微生物Shannon多样性指数、Simpson指数、McIntosh指数均显著高于复垦种植前(P<0.05)。微生物多样性相关参数与土壤酶活性及土壤有机质含量之间呈显著正相关(P<0.05或P<0.01),与土壤全氮、速效磷、速效钾含量之间呈显著负相关(P<0.05或P<0.01)。在矿区复垦过程中污泥作为有机添加物有助于促进植物生长和提高微生物活性。
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973)(No.2012CB417005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41301088)the Jiangsu Planned Projects for Postdoctoral Research Funds(No.1401158C)
文摘Poyang Lake is the largest freshwater lake in China, and it has a seasonal flooding cycle that significantly changes the water level every year. The aim of this paper was to explain how these hydrological changes influence diatom populations in Poyang Lake. The yearly hydrological cycle can be divided into 4 phases: low water-level phase, increasing water-level phase, high water-level phase and decreasing waterlevel phase. Variations in the abundance of planktonic diatoms were studied using quarterly monitoring data collected from January 2009 to October 2013. Generally, diatoms were dominant in Poyang Lake and accounted for more than 50% of the total phytoplankton biomass except in July 2009(26%) and January 2012(35%). Aulacoseira granulata and Surirella robusta were the predominant species in all four phases, and they accounted for 25.02% to 56.89% and 5.07% to 14.78% of the total phytoplankton biomass, respectively. A redundancy analysis(RDA) showed that changes in physico-chemical parameter were related to the water level, and changes in diatom biomass were related to nitrite levels and p H. These results indicate that changes in environmental parameters related to both seasonal variations and water-level fluctuations caused variations in diatom biomass and community composition in Poyang Lake. Furthermore, extreme hydrological events can have different influences on the diatom community composition in the main channel and lentic regions. This research provides data on the diatom variations in Poyang Lake and will be useful for establishing biological indicators of environmental change and protecting Poyang Lake in the future.
