国际空间站(International Space Station,以下简称ISS)是人类在近地轨道建造的第十个空间站,同时也是人类有史以来在近地轨道建造的最大飞行器。美国国家航空航天局(以下简称NASA)、俄罗斯国家航天集团公司(Roscosmo)、欧洲航天局(ESA...国际空间站(International Space Station,以下简称ISS)是人类在近地轨道建造的第十个空间站,同时也是人类有史以来在近地轨道建造的最大飞行器。美国国家航空航天局(以下简称NASA)、俄罗斯国家航天集团公司(Roscosmo)、欧洲航天局(ESA)、日本宇宙航空研究开发机构(JAXA)、加拿大航天局(CSA)直接参与了国际空间站大型模块的组装和建设。自1993年以来,美国已投入上千亿美元建造以及运营国际空间站,每年投入30亿-40亿美元。展开更多
正在运营中的国际空间站(International Space Station,以下简称ISS)是人类目前在近地轨道运行的最大空间实验平台,这个世界级的空间实验平台由美国国家航天局(NASA)、欧空局(ESA)、俄罗斯联邦航天局(R0SCOSMOS)、加拿大航天局(CSA)、...正在运营中的国际空间站(International Space Station,以下简称ISS)是人类目前在近地轨道运行的最大空间实验平台,这个世界级的空间实验平台由美国国家航天局(NASA)、欧空局(ESA)、俄罗斯联邦航天局(R0SCOSMOS)、加拿大航天局(CSA)、日本宇宙航空研究开发机构(JAXA)共同建设、运营以及维护。展开更多
A dual thermocouple difference technique is developed to determine the accuracy and anti-interference ability in the process of intracellular temperature measurement.First,two micro-nano thermocouples(TC)and a high-pr...A dual thermocouple difference technique is developed to determine the accuracy and anti-interference ability in the process of intracellular temperature measurement.First,two micro-nano thermocouples(TC)and a high-precision signal acquisition module are used to measure the temperature difference between the cell and the culture medium(separated about 10μm from the cell).The cold junctions of two TCs are connected to eliminate the setting of the reference temperature and enhance the anti-interference ability.Then,a low-noise voltage amplifier and digital acquisition card are used to sample signals.In order to verify the feasibility of the dual thermocouple difference method,the temperature changes of U251 cells are detected.The calibration results of two TCs show that the Seebeck coefficient is about 5μV/℃,and the signal acquisition accuracy is 0.5μV in a low voltage range(0-15μV).With the dual thermocouple difference method,errors due to the cold junctions can be removed and the interference caused by environmental temperature fluctuation can be reduced.The phenomenon of cellular temperature increase proves that the dual thermocouple difference method can detect the tiny temperature change of a single cell.The method potentially is a highly powerful technique for studying local thermogenesis of cells and helps to explore the relationship between cellular thermogenesis and cellular processes.展开更多
文摘国际空间站(International Space Station,以下简称ISS)是人类在近地轨道建造的第十个空间站,同时也是人类有史以来在近地轨道建造的最大飞行器。美国国家航空航天局(以下简称NASA)、俄罗斯国家航天集团公司(Roscosmo)、欧洲航天局(ESA)、日本宇宙航空研究开发机构(JAXA)、加拿大航天局(CSA)直接参与了国际空间站大型模块的组装和建设。自1993年以来,美国已投入上千亿美元建造以及运营国际空间站,每年投入30亿-40亿美元。
文摘正在运营中的国际空间站(International Space Station,以下简称ISS)是人类目前在近地轨道运行的最大空间实验平台,这个世界级的空间实验平台由美国国家航天局(NASA)、欧空局(ESA)、俄罗斯联邦航天局(R0SCOSMOS)、加拿大航天局(CSA)、日本宇宙航空研究开发机构(JAXA)共同建设、运营以及维护。
基金The National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFA0104302)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61420106012,61821002).
文摘A dual thermocouple difference technique is developed to determine the accuracy and anti-interference ability in the process of intracellular temperature measurement.First,two micro-nano thermocouples(TC)and a high-precision signal acquisition module are used to measure the temperature difference between the cell and the culture medium(separated about 10μm from the cell).The cold junctions of two TCs are connected to eliminate the setting of the reference temperature and enhance the anti-interference ability.Then,a low-noise voltage amplifier and digital acquisition card are used to sample signals.In order to verify the feasibility of the dual thermocouple difference method,the temperature changes of U251 cells are detected.The calibration results of two TCs show that the Seebeck coefficient is about 5μV/℃,and the signal acquisition accuracy is 0.5μV in a low voltage range(0-15μV).With the dual thermocouple difference method,errors due to the cold junctions can be removed and the interference caused by environmental temperature fluctuation can be reduced.The phenomenon of cellular temperature increase proves that the dual thermocouple difference method can detect the tiny temperature change of a single cell.The method potentially is a highly powerful technique for studying local thermogenesis of cells and helps to explore the relationship between cellular thermogenesis and cellular processes.
