基于激光雷达(Light Detection And Ranging,LiDAR)数据重建树体三维模型并精准获取林木空间枝干结构参数对林木性状评价、森林动态经营管理与可视化研究具有重要意义。为此提出一种基于骨架细化提取的树木模型重建方法。首先,采用Focus...基于激光雷达(Light Detection And Ranging,LiDAR)数据重建树体三维模型并精准获取林木空间枝干结构参数对林木性状评价、森林动态经营管理与可视化研究具有重要意义。为此提出一种基于骨架细化提取的树木模型重建方法。首先,采用FocusS350/350 PLUS三维激光扫描仪获取3块不同树龄橡胶树的样地数据。然后,作为细化建模的重点,将枝干点云从原始树点中分离出来,再将其过度分割为若干点云簇,通过相邻点云簇判断是否有分枝以及动态确定骨架点间距,并将其运用在空间殖民算法以此来生成树的三维骨架点和骨架点连通性链表,根据连通链表结构自动识别树木中的主枝干和各个一级分枝,再通过广义圆柱体生成树干完成树木三维重建。最后,利用数字孪生技术对这3块不同树龄样地树木进行三维实景建模,使其穿越时空在同一空间中重现,以便更为直观地观察树木在生长过程中的形态变化。该算法得到的橡胶树胸径与实测值比对为,决定系数(R^(2))>0.91,均方根误差(root mean square Error,RMSE)<1.00 cm;主枝干与一级枝干的分枝角为,R^(2)>0.91,RMSE<2.93;一级枝干直径为,R^(2)>0.90,RMSE<1.41 cm;将3个树龄放在一起计算其生长参数,并与实测值进行对比,发现该算法同样适用于异龄林样地的各个生长参数计算。同时发现橡胶树的一级枝条的直径越大,其相对应的叶团簇体积就越大。运用人工智能的理论模型来处理林木的激光点云数据,旨在为森林的可视化以及树木骨架结构的智能化分析与处理等研究领域提供有价值的参考。展开更多
具有万伏级以上电压隔离和兆瓦级以上直流能量变换能力的大容量直流变压器(high-power dc transformer,HDCT),是实现高/中/低压直流系统互联、构建直流电网的核心基础装备。文中提出基于IGCT-Plus器件和中频隔离的HDCT技术方案,给出IGCT...具有万伏级以上电压隔离和兆瓦级以上直流能量变换能力的大容量直流变压器(high-power dc transformer,HDCT),是实现高/中/低压直流系统互联、构建直流电网的核心基础装备。文中提出基于IGCT-Plus器件和中频隔离的HDCT技术方案,给出IGCT-HDCT拓扑结构,分析换流特性,提出实现软开通和准软关断的换流方法,可大幅降低开关损耗。在此基础上,对功率器件和变压器损耗进行系统分析,针对基于中频隔离的高压大容量直流变压器,提出的IGCT方案相比,Si C和IGBT方案具有更低的损耗。文中给出MW级IGCT-HDCT功率模块的设计方法,研制工程样机,并对子模块的大电流关断和大功率运行状态进行系统性的测试,验证IGCT-HDCT方案的正确性和有效性。展开更多
DNA methylation plays an important role in plant growth and development,and in regulating the activity of transposable elements(TEs).Research on DNA methylation-related(DMR)genes has been reported in Arabidopsis,but l...DNA methylation plays an important role in plant growth and development,and in regulating the activity of transposable elements(TEs).Research on DNA methylation-related(DMR)genes has been reported in Arabidopsis,but little research on DMR genes has been reported in Brassica rapa and Brassica oleracea,the genomes of which exhibit significant differences in TE content.In this study,we identified 78 and 77 DMR genes in Brassica rapa and Brassica oleracea,respectively.Detailed analysis revealed that the numbers of DMR genes in different DMR pathways varied in B.rapa and B.oleracea.The evolutionary selection pressure of DMR genes in B.rapa and B.oleracea was compared,and the DMR genes showed differential evolution between these two species.The nucleotide diversity(π)and selective sweep(Tajima’s D)revealed footprints of selection in the B.rapa and B.oleracea populations.Transcriptome analysis showed that most DMR genes exhibited similar expression characteristics in B.rapa and B.oleracea.This study dissects the evolutionary differences and genetic variations of the DMR genes in B.rapa and B.oleracea,and will provide valuable resources for future research on the divergent evolution of DNA methylation between B.rapa and B.oleracea.展开更多
Strontium titanate(SrTiO3) submicron-fibers with perovskite structure were successfully synthesized by electrospinning method. The nanomechanical properties of synthesized SrTiO3were investigated by the novel amplitud...Strontium titanate(SrTiO3) submicron-fibers with perovskite structure were successfully synthesized by electrospinning method. The nanomechanical properties of synthesized SrTiO3were investigated by the novel amplitude modulation-frequency modulation(AM-FM) method based on atomic force microscope and nanoindentation technique. The results of AM-FM show that the resonant frequency of SrTiO3submicron-fiber is lower than that of the Si substrate, which indicates that the Young’s modulus of SrTiO3submicron-fiber is smaller than that of Si substrate in the range of 105-125 GPa. Nanoindentation further confirmed the results, showing a value of 104 ± 17 GPa. The atomic force microscope-based AM-FM provides us a new way to study the mechanical performance of low dimensional materials.展开更多
文摘基于激光雷达(Light Detection And Ranging,LiDAR)数据重建树体三维模型并精准获取林木空间枝干结构参数对林木性状评价、森林动态经营管理与可视化研究具有重要意义。为此提出一种基于骨架细化提取的树木模型重建方法。首先,采用FocusS350/350 PLUS三维激光扫描仪获取3块不同树龄橡胶树的样地数据。然后,作为细化建模的重点,将枝干点云从原始树点中分离出来,再将其过度分割为若干点云簇,通过相邻点云簇判断是否有分枝以及动态确定骨架点间距,并将其运用在空间殖民算法以此来生成树的三维骨架点和骨架点连通性链表,根据连通链表结构自动识别树木中的主枝干和各个一级分枝,再通过广义圆柱体生成树干完成树木三维重建。最后,利用数字孪生技术对这3块不同树龄样地树木进行三维实景建模,使其穿越时空在同一空间中重现,以便更为直观地观察树木在生长过程中的形态变化。该算法得到的橡胶树胸径与实测值比对为,决定系数(R^(2))>0.91,均方根误差(root mean square Error,RMSE)<1.00 cm;主枝干与一级枝干的分枝角为,R^(2)>0.91,RMSE<2.93;一级枝干直径为,R^(2)>0.90,RMSE<1.41 cm;将3个树龄放在一起计算其生长参数,并与实测值进行对比,发现该算法同样适用于异龄林样地的各个生长参数计算。同时发现橡胶树的一级枝条的直径越大,其相对应的叶团簇体积就越大。运用人工智能的理论模型来处理林木的激光点云数据,旨在为森林的可视化以及树木骨架结构的智能化分析与处理等研究领域提供有价值的参考。
文摘具有万伏级以上电压隔离和兆瓦级以上直流能量变换能力的大容量直流变压器(high-power dc transformer,HDCT),是实现高/中/低压直流系统互联、构建直流电网的核心基础装备。文中提出基于IGCT-Plus器件和中频隔离的HDCT技术方案,给出IGCT-HDCT拓扑结构,分析换流特性,提出实现软开通和准软关断的换流方法,可大幅降低开关损耗。在此基础上,对功率器件和变压器损耗进行系统分析,针对基于中频隔离的高压大容量直流变压器,提出的IGCT方案相比,Si C和IGBT方案具有更低的损耗。文中给出MW级IGCT-HDCT功率模块的设计方法,研制工程样机,并对子模块的大电流关断和大功率运行状态进行系统性的测试,验证IGCT-HDCT方案的正确性和有效性。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC31872105 and 31801862)the Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and the Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China
文摘DNA methylation plays an important role in plant growth and development,and in regulating the activity of transposable elements(TEs).Research on DNA methylation-related(DMR)genes has been reported in Arabidopsis,but little research on DMR genes has been reported in Brassica rapa and Brassica oleracea,the genomes of which exhibit significant differences in TE content.In this study,we identified 78 and 77 DMR genes in Brassica rapa and Brassica oleracea,respectively.Detailed analysis revealed that the numbers of DMR genes in different DMR pathways varied in B.rapa and B.oleracea.The evolutionary selection pressure of DMR genes in B.rapa and B.oleracea was compared,and the DMR genes showed differential evolution between these two species.The nucleotide diversity(π)and selective sweep(Tajima’s D)revealed footprints of selection in the B.rapa and B.oleracea populations.Transcriptome analysis showed that most DMR genes exhibited similar expression characteristics in B.rapa and B.oleracea.This study dissects the evolutionary differences and genetic variations of the DMR genes in B.rapa and B.oleracea,and will provide valuable resources for future research on the divergent evolution of DNA methylation between B.rapa and B.oleracea.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11627801,11372268,11502225,and 51375017)
文摘Strontium titanate(SrTiO3) submicron-fibers with perovskite structure were successfully synthesized by electrospinning method. The nanomechanical properties of synthesized SrTiO3were investigated by the novel amplitude modulation-frequency modulation(AM-FM) method based on atomic force microscope and nanoindentation technique. The results of AM-FM show that the resonant frequency of SrTiO3submicron-fiber is lower than that of the Si substrate, which indicates that the Young’s modulus of SrTiO3submicron-fiber is smaller than that of Si substrate in the range of 105-125 GPa. Nanoindentation further confirmed the results, showing a value of 104 ± 17 GPa. The atomic force microscope-based AM-FM provides us a new way to study the mechanical performance of low dimensional materials.
