Infantile hemangioma is clinically classified as superficial, superficial and deep (mixed), and deep. Dermoscopy can be used for analyzing vascular structure and for classifying infantile hemangioma. Here, we focus on...Infantile hemangioma is clinically classified as superficial, superficial and deep (mixed), and deep. Dermoscopy can be used for analyzing vascular structure and for classifying infantile hemangioma. Here, we focus on vascular features of the superficial and deep type of infantile hemangioma and show the three characteristic dermoscopic forms, mostly reddish, diffuse reddish, and cerebriform reddish.展开更多
Pigmentary mosaicism is proposed to encompass all pigment anomalies caused by chromosomal mosaicism. The concept includes, not only pigment anomalies following the lines of Blaschko, but also pigmentary disorders with...Pigmentary mosaicism is proposed to encompass all pigment anomalies caused by chromosomal mosaicism. The concept includes, not only pigment anomalies following the lines of Blaschko, but also pigmentary disorders with phylloid, checkerboard and patchy pigmentation without midline separation. The representative disorders are hypomelanosis of Ito(pigmentary mosaicism of hypopigmented or Ito type), linear and whorled nevoid hypermelanosis(pigmentary mosaicism of hyperpigmented type), pigmentary mosaicism of hypopigmented and hyperpigmented type, and phylloid hypo- and hypermelanosis. Pigmentary mosaicism is nowadays recognized as a pigmentary disorder caused by somatic chromosomal abnormalities disrupting or accelerating the function of pigmentary genes. Affected individuals with pigmentary mosaicism commonly have multiple congenital abnormalities, developmental delays and/or mental retardation. However, the complication is not a syndrome because functional loss or acquisition due to various chromosomal abnormalities induces pigment abnormalities and specific complications. Cytogenetic abnormalities, including polyploidy, aneuploidy, deletions, insertions and translocations, are associated with almost any chromosome and tissue-limited mosaicism for chromosome abnormalities. Cytogenetic find-ings in cases with the phylloid pattern demonstrate the obvious causal relationship between phylloid hypomelanosis and mosaic trisomy 13. The pattern of cutaneous mosaicism depends on the trajectory of migration and proliferation during embryogenesis. The chromosomal regions of hot breakpoints in pigmentary mosaicism may contain pigmentation-associated genes. The accumulation of relationships between cases and chromosomal analyses may provide the opportunity to identify and understand the pigmentation-associated genes because more than 800 phenotypic alleles are known in the mice models of pigmentary anomalies and not all color loci have been identified. Here, we summarize the clinical features of pigmentary mosaicism and specific forms of phylloid hypo- and hypermelanosis.展开更多
Scleredema diabeticorum is an uncommon skin disorder showing a diffuse, symmetrical, and non-pitting persistent in-duration developing initially on the nape. It usually occurs in patients with poorly controlled or ins...Scleredema diabeticorum is an uncommon skin disorder showing a diffuse, symmetrical, and non-pitting persistent in-duration developing initially on the nape. It usually occurs in patients with poorly controlled or insulin-resistant diabetes mellitus. We present a 57-year-old woman with scleredema diabeticorum with hemoglobin A1c 6.1% (normal, 4.7% - 6.2%) and impaired glucose tolerance. Alcian blue staining at pH 7.0 illustrated deposits of acid mucopolysaccharides between the collagen bundles in the reticular dermis, but the staining at pH 1.5 did not show the deposits. This case indicates that scleredema diabeticorum may be an early indicator of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus in some cases, and that impaired glucose tolerance test should be performed for individuals with scleredema even though the hemoglobin A1c level is within the normal range.展开更多
Infantile hemangiomas, occurring at birth or during the first weeks of life, are benign vascular tumors with an initial proliferative phase and a later involutional phase. The massive proliferation on the key regions ...Infantile hemangiomas, occurring at birth or during the first weeks of life, are benign vascular tumors with an initial proliferative phase and a later involutional phase. The massive proliferation on the key regions and unpredicted regression may threaten?life. Thus, early management of infantile hemangiomas is necessary for affected infancies. Recent studies showed that propranolol for infantile hemangiomas had high efficacy for disappearance or reduction of infantile hemangiomas. However, a most recent study demonstrated existence of propranolol-resistant infantile hemangiomas. Therefore, we retrospectively evaluated efficacy of established early pulsed dye laser treatment for infantile hemangiomas in the 50 Japanese infancies which were applied in the period from 2000 to 2005, because our series included from the plaque subtype to the more proliferative tumor subtype. High efficacy in both subtypes suggests that early pulsed dye laser treatment can still be included as the first option for the mixed type of infantile hemangiomas and that pulsed dye laser treatment may be useful as the second line for the propranolol-resistant mixed type of infantile hemangiomas.展开更多
Diethyl sebacate is used in topical medicaments in United States and Japan. We described a case of allergic contact dermatitis from diethyl sebacate in a topical antimycotic medicament. Allergic reaction to diethyl se...Diethyl sebacate is used in topical medicaments in United States and Japan. We described a case of allergic contact dermatitis from diethyl sebacate in a topical antimycotic medicament. Allergic reaction to diethyl sebacate is likely more common because our group has found three of eight sensitized cases. We believe that an investigation regarding the sensitized frequency to diethyl sebacate would conduct to improve the safety of products in United States and Japan.展开更多
Reed nevus (pigmented spindle cell nevus) is a nevus with the histopathological features of abundant melanin, monomorphic spindle-epithelioid melanocytes, spindle cell nests confined within the epidermis and papillary...Reed nevus (pigmented spindle cell nevus) is a nevus with the histopathological features of abundant melanin, monomorphic spindle-epithelioid melanocytes, spindle cell nests confined within the epidermis and papillary dermis, and occasional upward interepidermal progression of melanocytes. Here, we reported an unusual case of Reed nevus in an 11-month-old Japanese male infant. Infantile Reed nevus should be included as a differential diagnosis for nevus pigmentosus in infancy.展开更多
Acanthosis nigricans is characterized by papillomatous brownish lesions mainly in the intertriginous areas. We used dermoscopy to examine such lesions in a family with acanthosis nigricans. The dermoscopic images show...Acanthosis nigricans is characterized by papillomatous brownish lesions mainly in the intertriginous areas. We used dermoscopy to examine such lesions in a family with acanthosis nigricans. The dermoscopic images showed an aberrant skin structure of linear crista cutis and sulcus cutis, and hyperpigmented dots in crista cutis. The hyperpigmented dots, which could not be seen with the naked eyes, may contribute to the color of the pigmented skin. Dermoscopy can be useful for evaluating disorders involving the structure of area cutanea and a change in skin color.展开更多
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) caused by a loss-of functional mutation in NF1 encoding neurofibromin is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by café-au-lait spots, neurofibromas, intertriginous freckles, ...Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) caused by a loss-of functional mutation in NF1 encoding neurofibromin is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by café-au-lait spots, neurofibromas, intertriginous freckles, and Lisch nodules. Segmental neurofibromatosis (SN) represents a postzygotic mutation and loss of heterozygosity in neurofibromin. SN occurring in the elder persons may be associated with internal malignant tumors. Here, we reported a case of 58-year-old woman with concomitant occurrence of SN and lung adenocarcinoma. The onset of SN in aged persons would be a sign of concomitant occurrence of internal malignant tumors.展开更多
文摘Infantile hemangioma is clinically classified as superficial, superficial and deep (mixed), and deep. Dermoscopy can be used for analyzing vascular structure and for classifying infantile hemangioma. Here, we focus on vascular features of the superficial and deep type of infantile hemangioma and show the three characteristic dermoscopic forms, mostly reddish, diffuse reddish, and cerebriform reddish.
文摘Pigmentary mosaicism is proposed to encompass all pigment anomalies caused by chromosomal mosaicism. The concept includes, not only pigment anomalies following the lines of Blaschko, but also pigmentary disorders with phylloid, checkerboard and patchy pigmentation without midline separation. The representative disorders are hypomelanosis of Ito(pigmentary mosaicism of hypopigmented or Ito type), linear and whorled nevoid hypermelanosis(pigmentary mosaicism of hyperpigmented type), pigmentary mosaicism of hypopigmented and hyperpigmented type, and phylloid hypo- and hypermelanosis. Pigmentary mosaicism is nowadays recognized as a pigmentary disorder caused by somatic chromosomal abnormalities disrupting or accelerating the function of pigmentary genes. Affected individuals with pigmentary mosaicism commonly have multiple congenital abnormalities, developmental delays and/or mental retardation. However, the complication is not a syndrome because functional loss or acquisition due to various chromosomal abnormalities induces pigment abnormalities and specific complications. Cytogenetic abnormalities, including polyploidy, aneuploidy, deletions, insertions and translocations, are associated with almost any chromosome and tissue-limited mosaicism for chromosome abnormalities. Cytogenetic find-ings in cases with the phylloid pattern demonstrate the obvious causal relationship between phylloid hypomelanosis and mosaic trisomy 13. The pattern of cutaneous mosaicism depends on the trajectory of migration and proliferation during embryogenesis. The chromosomal regions of hot breakpoints in pigmentary mosaicism may contain pigmentation-associated genes. The accumulation of relationships between cases and chromosomal analyses may provide the opportunity to identify and understand the pigmentation-associated genes because more than 800 phenotypic alleles are known in the mice models of pigmentary anomalies and not all color loci have been identified. Here, we summarize the clinical features of pigmentary mosaicism and specific forms of phylloid hypo- and hypermelanosis.
文摘Scleredema diabeticorum is an uncommon skin disorder showing a diffuse, symmetrical, and non-pitting persistent in-duration developing initially on the nape. It usually occurs in patients with poorly controlled or insulin-resistant diabetes mellitus. We present a 57-year-old woman with scleredema diabeticorum with hemoglobin A1c 6.1% (normal, 4.7% - 6.2%) and impaired glucose tolerance. Alcian blue staining at pH 7.0 illustrated deposits of acid mucopolysaccharides between the collagen bundles in the reticular dermis, but the staining at pH 1.5 did not show the deposits. This case indicates that scleredema diabeticorum may be an early indicator of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus in some cases, and that impaired glucose tolerance test should be performed for individuals with scleredema even though the hemoglobin A1c level is within the normal range.
文摘Infantile hemangiomas, occurring at birth or during the first weeks of life, are benign vascular tumors with an initial proliferative phase and a later involutional phase. The massive proliferation on the key regions and unpredicted regression may threaten?life. Thus, early management of infantile hemangiomas is necessary for affected infancies. Recent studies showed that propranolol for infantile hemangiomas had high efficacy for disappearance or reduction of infantile hemangiomas. However, a most recent study demonstrated existence of propranolol-resistant infantile hemangiomas. Therefore, we retrospectively evaluated efficacy of established early pulsed dye laser treatment for infantile hemangiomas in the 50 Japanese infancies which were applied in the period from 2000 to 2005, because our series included from the plaque subtype to the more proliferative tumor subtype. High efficacy in both subtypes suggests that early pulsed dye laser treatment can still be included as the first option for the mixed type of infantile hemangiomas and that pulsed dye laser treatment may be useful as the second line for the propranolol-resistant mixed type of infantile hemangiomas.
文摘Diethyl sebacate is used in topical medicaments in United States and Japan. We described a case of allergic contact dermatitis from diethyl sebacate in a topical antimycotic medicament. Allergic reaction to diethyl sebacate is likely more common because our group has found three of eight sensitized cases. We believe that an investigation regarding the sensitized frequency to diethyl sebacate would conduct to improve the safety of products in United States and Japan.
文摘Reed nevus (pigmented spindle cell nevus) is a nevus with the histopathological features of abundant melanin, monomorphic spindle-epithelioid melanocytes, spindle cell nests confined within the epidermis and papillary dermis, and occasional upward interepidermal progression of melanocytes. Here, we reported an unusual case of Reed nevus in an 11-month-old Japanese male infant. Infantile Reed nevus should be included as a differential diagnosis for nevus pigmentosus in infancy.
文摘Acanthosis nigricans is characterized by papillomatous brownish lesions mainly in the intertriginous areas. We used dermoscopy to examine such lesions in a family with acanthosis nigricans. The dermoscopic images showed an aberrant skin structure of linear crista cutis and sulcus cutis, and hyperpigmented dots in crista cutis. The hyperpigmented dots, which could not be seen with the naked eyes, may contribute to the color of the pigmented skin. Dermoscopy can be useful for evaluating disorders involving the structure of area cutanea and a change in skin color.
文摘Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) caused by a loss-of functional mutation in NF1 encoding neurofibromin is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by café-au-lait spots, neurofibromas, intertriginous freckles, and Lisch nodules. Segmental neurofibromatosis (SN) represents a postzygotic mutation and loss of heterozygosity in neurofibromin. SN occurring in the elder persons may be associated with internal malignant tumors. Here, we reported a case of 58-year-old woman with concomitant occurrence of SN and lung adenocarcinoma. The onset of SN in aged persons would be a sign of concomitant occurrence of internal malignant tumors.
