Introduction: Moringa oleifera was a medicinal plant generally used by populations in the food and therapeutic fields. It’s used to treat anemia has been observed in the Djougou Zone in northern Benin. To our knowled...Introduction: Moringa oleifera was a medicinal plant generally used by populations in the food and therapeutic fields. It’s used to treat anemia has been observed in the Djougou Zone in northern Benin. To our knowledge, there were no scientific data available that have evaluated its efficacy in the treatment of haemolytic anemia. This was what justifies this research work in which the phytochemical analysis, extraction and evaluation of the anti-anemic effect were carried out. Methods: Five groups of five Wistar rats each were formed. All the rats were rendered anemic by injection of phenylhydrazine hydrochloride on the first two days D0 and D1 except those in the negative control group. From the second day, the anemic groups were force-fed either with the aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera leaves at 200 or 300 mg/kg body weight/day, or with vitafer, the reference drug against anemia. The positive control group (anemia) was not treated. Blood samples were taken from all the rats on different days: D0, D2, D7, D10 and D15 to evaluate the data of the hemogram and the osmotic resistance of the red blood cells. Results: Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, leucoanthocyanins, saponosides, triterpenes and mucilages. A good yield was obtained at the extraction. Both the extract and the reference drug vitafer completely corrected anemia within two weeks after stimulating hemoglobin synthesis and early release of immature red blood cells into the bloodstream. Its effect seemed dose-dependent and specific. Conclusion: Moringa oleifera leaves showed good therapeutic efficacy and can be considered and exploited for transformation into improved traditional medicines (ITM) in the treatment of anemia.展开更多
Fish is rich </span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"">in</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:""> essential nutrients but can remain a potent...Fish is rich </span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"">in</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:""> essential nutrients but can remain a potential source of food poisoning. A study was</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"">,</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:""> therefore</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"">,</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:""> carried out with the general objective of highlighting the probable biological and chemical dangers associated with the <span>consumption of fish and freshwater fruits from </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"">the </span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"">Guéssabo river. The</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:""> present study was conducted on 50 carp fish, 50 mackerel f</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"">i</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"">sh, 50 frog</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"">s</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:""> and 50 mol<span>lusks caught in the Guéssabo River. Microorganisms were enumerated by</span> conventional tests and heavy metals were investigated by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry. The enumeration showed high levels of thermotolerant Coliforms (2.5 × 10<sup>4</sup>), Enterobacteriaceae (3.4 × 10<sup>4</sup>), <i>S</i>. <i>aureus</i> (2.3 × 10<sup>3</sup>) and Yeast/Molds (2.1 × 10<sup>4</sup>), in all samples the standards were not in conformity with the required standards. High levels of Al (7230 μg/kg) and Cd (21.57 μg/kg) were observed in carp fish and these values are <span>above the standard. In conclusion</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"">,</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:""> the fish caught in the Guéssabo River</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:""> could be a health risk factor for the consumer.展开更多
<i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Annona</span></i><span style="font-family:""> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">muricata</span&...<i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Annona</span></i><span style="font-family:""> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">muricata</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> L. (Soursop or Graviola) is a naturally occurring plant seen in Southern part of Africa, traditionally used in Benin to treat various diseases. The present study aimed to investigate phytochemical composition and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory activities of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">A</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">muricata</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> leaves extracts. The secondary metabolites of ethanolic and hemi-ethanolic extracts were analysed by HPLC method. The DPPH and FRAP methods were used to evaluate the antioxidant activity. Inhibition of albumin denaturation method was used to evaluate anti-inflammatory activity of the tested extracts of which larval cytotoxicity was st</span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">udied. The major identified compounds were gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, cafeic acid, tannic acid, ferrulic acid, Rutin. Ascorbic acid exhibited the highest inhibition percentage (83.33% ± 0.50%) of DPPH radical with the lowest IC</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">50</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (45.1 ± 0.28 μg/ml). The inhibition of the ferric ion Fe</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3+</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> varied (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">p</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> = 0.0013) according to the extracts type. IC</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">50</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> values of ferric ion inhibition range from 119.5 ± 3.10 to 250.8 ± 2.13 μg/ml respectively for </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">A</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">muricata</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> leaves ethanol and hemi-ethanolic extracts. The hemi-ethanolic extract exhibited the highest anti-inflammatory activity (96.66% </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">± 1.17%). The presence of phenolic compound confers to </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">A</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">muricata</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> leaves, through the ethanolic and the hemi-ethanolic extracts, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.展开更多
Microbial infections threaten the health of the Beninese population. Objectives: To identify bioactive phytochemical groups and evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Desmodium ramosissimum used in traditional medicin...Microbial infections threaten the health of the Beninese population. Objectives: To identify bioactive phytochemical groups and evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Desmodium ramosissimum used in traditional medicine in Benin against microbial infections. Methodology & Results: The classic reactions in solution helped highlight alkaloids, anthocyanins, flavonoids, quinones, saponins, steroids, tannins, terpenoids, mucilage, Coumarin, reducing compounds, anthracene, glycosides. The antibacterial activity was evaluated by extracts dilution’s method (ethanol extracts, methanol extracts and hexane extracts). The methanol extract inhibited the growth of all tested germs, with a significant effect on E. coli and S. aureus strains whose MIC values are equal to 1.25 mg/ml. On the contrary, this extract has a low activity on P. vulgaris strain with a MIC of 10 mg/ml. The ethanol extract also inhibited the growth of all the tested strains, but with more intense activity than the methanol extract. The strains of C. albicans and S. oralis were more sensitive to the extract with 0.625 mg/ml for MIC, while S. aureus and P. vulgaris were less sensitive (MIC = 5 mg/ml). The residual ethanol extract exerted inhibition on all microorganisms at a concentration of 20 mg/ml, except the strain of E. foecalis that was resistant. Conclusion & Applications: This study shows that besides its food virtues of this plant, there are antibacterial and antifungal properties.展开更多
The purpose of this study is to quantify the polyphenolic content and evaluated anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of four plants extracts of Annona senegalensis, Ipomoea batatas, Terminalia superba and Psidiu...The purpose of this study is to quantify the polyphenolic content and evaluated anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of four plants extracts of Annona senegalensis, Ipomoea batatas, Terminalia superba and Psidium guajava. Phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined by Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum trichloride methods, respectively with ethanolic extract. The antioxidant activity was accessed by DPPH and FRAP methods. The results of the analysis of this study indicate that the ethanol extracts of the test plants (A. senegalensis, I. batatas, P. guajava and T. superba) are potential source of natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory.展开更多
Since the time of our ancestors,natural products issued from plant play a therapeutic crucial role.About 25-30%of all medicines(drugs)available for the treatment of diseases are derived from natural products(from plan...Since the time of our ancestors,natural products issued from plant play a therapeutic crucial role.About 25-30%of all medicines(drugs)available for the treatment of diseases are derived from natural products(from plants,animals,bacteria and fungi)or are derivatives of natural products.The aim of this research was to scientifically identify and supply tangible documentation on these two plants employed in the traditional medicine.From November 2020 to February 2021,an ethnobotanical survey was conducted within four markets at the south of Benin,employing a semi-structured questionnaire.Two hundred respondents including 80%of females and 20%of males were interviewed.The 2 studied plants are mainly used for different types of sickness related to infections.Females’herbalists are the most represented.From this research,it appears that the 2 plants are widely used for the treatment of severe infections.On the market,95%of the leafy steam are sold against 5%of the roots for both plants.The main preparation way is decoction.Oral use is reported to be common in all region.The value of samples sold varies from 200F CFA(Financial Cooperation of Africa)to 1000F CFA.The decoctions are usually obtained through one of a mix of different types of plants.Traditional knowledge is transmitted from one generation to another by oral education.Till today there was no record found.During our study,we did no record prohibition or side effect related to these plants’use.These medicinal plants occupy a crucial place within the therapeutic arsenal of west Africa.Our results constitute a vital tool to determine the true potentials of these plants.These results could lead to new improved traditional medicine.展开更多
文摘Introduction: Moringa oleifera was a medicinal plant generally used by populations in the food and therapeutic fields. It’s used to treat anemia has been observed in the Djougou Zone in northern Benin. To our knowledge, there were no scientific data available that have evaluated its efficacy in the treatment of haemolytic anemia. This was what justifies this research work in which the phytochemical analysis, extraction and evaluation of the anti-anemic effect were carried out. Methods: Five groups of five Wistar rats each were formed. All the rats were rendered anemic by injection of phenylhydrazine hydrochloride on the first two days D0 and D1 except those in the negative control group. From the second day, the anemic groups were force-fed either with the aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera leaves at 200 or 300 mg/kg body weight/day, or with vitafer, the reference drug against anemia. The positive control group (anemia) was not treated. Blood samples were taken from all the rats on different days: D0, D2, D7, D10 and D15 to evaluate the data of the hemogram and the osmotic resistance of the red blood cells. Results: Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, leucoanthocyanins, saponosides, triterpenes and mucilages. A good yield was obtained at the extraction. Both the extract and the reference drug vitafer completely corrected anemia within two weeks after stimulating hemoglobin synthesis and early release of immature red blood cells into the bloodstream. Its effect seemed dose-dependent and specific. Conclusion: Moringa oleifera leaves showed good therapeutic efficacy and can be considered and exploited for transformation into improved traditional medicines (ITM) in the treatment of anemia.
文摘Fish is rich </span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"">in</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:""> essential nutrients but can remain a potential source of food poisoning. A study was</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"">,</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:""> therefore</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"">,</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:""> carried out with the general objective of highlighting the probable biological and chemical dangers associated with the <span>consumption of fish and freshwater fruits from </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"">the </span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"">Guéssabo river. The</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:""> present study was conducted on 50 carp fish, 50 mackerel f</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"">i</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"">sh, 50 frog</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"">s</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:""> and 50 mol<span>lusks caught in the Guéssabo River. Microorganisms were enumerated by</span> conventional tests and heavy metals were investigated by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry. The enumeration showed high levels of thermotolerant Coliforms (2.5 × 10<sup>4</sup>), Enterobacteriaceae (3.4 × 10<sup>4</sup>), <i>S</i>. <i>aureus</i> (2.3 × 10<sup>3</sup>) and Yeast/Molds (2.1 × 10<sup>4</sup>), in all samples the standards were not in conformity with the required standards. High levels of Al (7230 μg/kg) and Cd (21.57 μg/kg) were observed in carp fish and these values are <span>above the standard. In conclusion</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"">,</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:""> the fish caught in the Guéssabo River</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:""> could be a health risk factor for the consumer.
文摘<i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Annona</span></i><span style="font-family:""> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">muricata</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> L. (Soursop or Graviola) is a naturally occurring plant seen in Southern part of Africa, traditionally used in Benin to treat various diseases. The present study aimed to investigate phytochemical composition and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory activities of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">A</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">muricata</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> leaves extracts. The secondary metabolites of ethanolic and hemi-ethanolic extracts were analysed by HPLC method. The DPPH and FRAP methods were used to evaluate the antioxidant activity. Inhibition of albumin denaturation method was used to evaluate anti-inflammatory activity of the tested extracts of which larval cytotoxicity was st</span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">udied. The major identified compounds were gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, cafeic acid, tannic acid, ferrulic acid, Rutin. Ascorbic acid exhibited the highest inhibition percentage (83.33% ± 0.50%) of DPPH radical with the lowest IC</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">50</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (45.1 ± 0.28 μg/ml). The inhibition of the ferric ion Fe</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3+</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> varied (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">p</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> = 0.0013) according to the extracts type. IC</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">50</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> values of ferric ion inhibition range from 119.5 ± 3.10 to 250.8 ± 2.13 μg/ml respectively for </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">A</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">muricata</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> leaves ethanol and hemi-ethanolic extracts. The hemi-ethanolic extract exhibited the highest anti-inflammatory activity (96.66% </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">± 1.17%). The presence of phenolic compound confers to </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">A</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">muricata</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> leaves, through the ethanolic and the hemi-ethanolic extracts, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
文摘Microbial infections threaten the health of the Beninese population. Objectives: To identify bioactive phytochemical groups and evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Desmodium ramosissimum used in traditional medicine in Benin against microbial infections. Methodology & Results: The classic reactions in solution helped highlight alkaloids, anthocyanins, flavonoids, quinones, saponins, steroids, tannins, terpenoids, mucilage, Coumarin, reducing compounds, anthracene, glycosides. The antibacterial activity was evaluated by extracts dilution’s method (ethanol extracts, methanol extracts and hexane extracts). The methanol extract inhibited the growth of all tested germs, with a significant effect on E. coli and S. aureus strains whose MIC values are equal to 1.25 mg/ml. On the contrary, this extract has a low activity on P. vulgaris strain with a MIC of 10 mg/ml. The ethanol extract also inhibited the growth of all the tested strains, but with more intense activity than the methanol extract. The strains of C. albicans and S. oralis were more sensitive to the extract with 0.625 mg/ml for MIC, while S. aureus and P. vulgaris were less sensitive (MIC = 5 mg/ml). The residual ethanol extract exerted inhibition on all microorganisms at a concentration of 20 mg/ml, except the strain of E. foecalis that was resistant. Conclusion & Applications: This study shows that besides its food virtues of this plant, there are antibacterial and antifungal properties.
文摘The purpose of this study is to quantify the polyphenolic content and evaluated anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of four plants extracts of Annona senegalensis, Ipomoea batatas, Terminalia superba and Psidium guajava. Phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined by Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum trichloride methods, respectively with ethanolic extract. The antioxidant activity was accessed by DPPH and FRAP methods. The results of the analysis of this study indicate that the ethanol extracts of the test plants (A. senegalensis, I. batatas, P. guajava and T. superba) are potential source of natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory.
文摘Since the time of our ancestors,natural products issued from plant play a therapeutic crucial role.About 25-30%of all medicines(drugs)available for the treatment of diseases are derived from natural products(from plants,animals,bacteria and fungi)or are derivatives of natural products.The aim of this research was to scientifically identify and supply tangible documentation on these two plants employed in the traditional medicine.From November 2020 to February 2021,an ethnobotanical survey was conducted within four markets at the south of Benin,employing a semi-structured questionnaire.Two hundred respondents including 80%of females and 20%of males were interviewed.The 2 studied plants are mainly used for different types of sickness related to infections.Females’herbalists are the most represented.From this research,it appears that the 2 plants are widely used for the treatment of severe infections.On the market,95%of the leafy steam are sold against 5%of the roots for both plants.The main preparation way is decoction.Oral use is reported to be common in all region.The value of samples sold varies from 200F CFA(Financial Cooperation of Africa)to 1000F CFA.The decoctions are usually obtained through one of a mix of different types of plants.Traditional knowledge is transmitted from one generation to another by oral education.Till today there was no record found.During our study,we did no record prohibition or side effect related to these plants’use.These medicinal plants occupy a crucial place within the therapeutic arsenal of west Africa.Our results constitute a vital tool to determine the true potentials of these plants.These results could lead to new improved traditional medicine.
