The risk of gas leakage due to geological flaws in offshore carbon capture, utilization, and storage, as well as leakage from underwater oil or gas pipelines, highlights the need for underwater gas leakage monitoring ...The risk of gas leakage due to geological flaws in offshore carbon capture, utilization, and storage, as well as leakage from underwater oil or gas pipelines, highlights the need for underwater gas leakage monitoring technology. Remotely operated vehicles(ROVs) and autonomous underwater vehicles(AUVs) are equipped with high-resolution imaging sonar systems that have broad application potential in underwater gas and target detection tasks. However, some bubble clusters are relatively weak scatterers, so detecting and distinguishing them against the seabed reverberation in forward-looking sonar images are challenging. This study uses the dual-tree complex wavelet transform to extract the image features of multibeam forward-looking sonar. Underwater gas leakages with different flows are classified by combining deep learning theory. A pool experiment is designed to simulate gas leakage, where sonar images are obtained for further processing. Results demonstrate that this method can detect and classify underwater gas leakage streams with high classification accuracy. This performance indicates that the method can detect gas leakage from multibeam forward-looking sonar images and has the potential to predict gas leakage flow.展开更多
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS) is a potential technology for online coal property analysis,but successful quantitative measurement of calorific value using LIBS suffers from relatively low accuracy caused ...Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS) is a potential technology for online coal property analysis,but successful quantitative measurement of calorific value using LIBS suffers from relatively low accuracy caused by the matrix effect.To solve this problem,the support vector machine(SVM) and the partial least square(PLS) were combined to increase the measurement accuracy of calorific value in this study.The combination model utilized SVM to classify coal samples into two groups according to their volatile matter contents to reduce the matrix effect,and then applied PLS to establish calibration models for each sample group respectively.The proposed model was applied to the measurement of calorific values of 53 coal samples,showing that the proposed model could greatly increase accuracy of the measurement of calorific values.Compared with the traditional PLS method,the coefficient of determination(R2) was improved from 0.93 to 0.97,the root-mean-square error of prediction was reduced from 1.68 MJ kg-1 to1.08 MJ kg-1,and the average relative error was decreased from 6.7% to 3.93%,showing an overall improvement.展开更多
The objective of this study was to observe the effect of Danhong injection combined with magnesium polarized solution and nitrate on coronary heart disease.A total of 58 patients who had been diagnosed with coronary h...The objective of this study was to observe the effect of Danhong injection combined with magnesium polarized solution and nitrate on coronary heart disease.A total of 58 patients who had been diagnosed with coronary heart disease who participated in the voluntary study were selected and divided into observation group and control group.The number of patients in the two groups was 29,and the control group was mainly injected with nitroglycerin.The observation group was mainly treated with Danhong injection combined with magnesium polarized solution and nitrate ester.The main comparisons were the difference of clinical treatment effect,total cholesterol before and after treatment between the two groups of patients under different therapeutic drugs,and the differences in endothelin were recorded.The observation group was superior to the control group in terms of clinical treatment effect and total cholesterol and endothelin after treatment.Danhong injection combined with magnesium polarized solution and nitrate ester has a good effect in the treatment of coronary heart disease,which can be promoted and developed.展开更多
Previous studies on environmental antibiotics resistance genes（ARGs） have focused on the pollution sources such as wastewater treatment plants, aquaculture and livestock farms,etc. Few of them had addressed this iss...Previous studies on environmental antibiotics resistance genes（ARGs） have focused on the pollution sources such as wastewater treatment plants, aquaculture and livestock farms,etc. Few of them had addressed this issue in a regional scale such as river catchment. Hence,the occurrence and abundances of 23 ARGs were investigated in surface water samples collected from 38 sites which located from the river source to estuary of the Beijiang River.Among them, 11 ARGs were frequently detected in this region and 5 ARGs（sul Ⅰ, sul Ⅱ, tet B,tet C, and tet W） were selected for their distribution pattern analysis. The abundances of the selected ARGs were higher in the upstream（8.70 × 10^6 copies/ng DNA） and downstream areas（3.17 × 10^6 copies/ng DNA） than those in the midstream areas（1.23 × 10^6 copies/ng DNA）, which was positively correlated to the population density and number of pollution sources. Pollution sources of ARGs along the Beijiang River not only had a great impact on the abundances and diversity, but also on the distribution of specific ARGs in the water samples. Both sul Ⅰ and sul Ⅱ were likely originated from aquaculture farms and animal farms,tet W gene was possibly associated with the mining/metal melting industry and the electric waste disposal and tet C gene was commonly found in the area with multiple pollution sources.However, the abundance of tet B was not particularly related to anthropogenic impacts. These findings highlight the influence of pollution sources and density of population on the distribution and dissemination of ARGs at a regional scale.展开更多
The occurrence of a large number of diverse arsenic species in the environment and in biological systems makes it important to compare their relative toxicity. The toxicity of arsenic species has been examined in vari...The occurrence of a large number of diverse arsenic species in the environment and in biological systems makes it important to compare their relative toxicity. The toxicity of arsenic species has been examined in various cell lines using different assays, making comparison difficult. We report real-time cell sensing of two human cell lines to examine the cytotoxicity of fourteen arsenic species： arsenite（As~Ⅲ）, monomethylarsonous acid（MMA~Ⅲ） originating from the oxide and iodide forms, dimethylarsinous acid（DMA~Ⅲ）, dimethylarsinic glutathione（DMAG~Ⅲ）, phenylarsine oxide（PAO~Ⅲ）, arsenate（AsV）, monomethylarsonic acid（MMA~Ⅴ）, dimethylarsinic acid（DMA~Ⅴ）,monomethyltrithioarsonate（MMTTA~Ⅴ）, dimethylmonothioarsinate（DMMTA~Ⅴ）,dimethyldithioarsinate（DMDTA~Ⅴ）, 3-nitro-4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid（Roxarsone, Rox）,and 4-aminobenzenearsenic acid（p-arsanilic acid, p-ASA）. Cellular responses were measured in real time for 72 hr in human lung（A549） and bladder（T24） cells. IC50 values for the arsenicals were determined continuously over the exposure time, giving rise to IC50 histograms and unique cell response profiles. Arsenic accumulation and speciation were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry（ICP-MS）. On the basis of the 24-hr IC50 values, the relative cytotoxicity of the tested arsenicals was in the following decreasing order： PAO~Ⅲ？ MMA~Ⅲ≥ DMA~Ⅲ≥ DMAG~Ⅲ≈ DMMTA~Ⅴ≥ As~Ⅲ？ MMTTA~Ⅴ〉 AsV〉 DMDTA~Ⅴ〉DMA~Ⅴ〉 MMA~Ⅴ≥ Rox ≥ p-ASA. Stepwise shapes of cell response profiles for DMA~Ⅲ, DMAG~Ⅲ,and DMMTA~Ⅴcoincided with the conversion of these arsenicals to the less toxic pentavalent DMA~Ⅴ. Dynamic monitoring of real-time cellular responses to fourteen arsenicals provided useful information for comparison of their relative cytotoxicity.展开更多
The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria, or'superbugs,' has become an urgent and worldwide concern.Antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) cause significant morbidity and mortality (O’Neill, 2016). It has b...The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria, or'superbugs,' has become an urgent and worldwide concern.Antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) cause significant morbidity and mortality (O’Neill, 2016). It has been estimated that ARB cause at least 23,000 deaths annually in the United States alone and hundreds of thousands of deaths in developing countries (Bougnom and Piddock, 2017).展开更多
Natural bacterial isolates from heavily contaminated sites may evolve diverse tolerance strategies,including biosorption,efflux mechanism,and intracellular precipitation under the continually increased stress of toxic...Natural bacterial isolates from heavily contaminated sites may evolve diverse tolerance strategies,including biosorption,efflux mechanism,and intracellular precipitation under the continually increased stress of toxic lead (Pb) from anthropogenic activities.These strategies utilize a large variety of functional groups in biological macromolecules (e.g.,exopolysaccharides (EPSs) and metalloproteins) and inorganic ligands,including carboxyl,phosphate and amide groups,for capturing Pb.The amount and type of binding sites carried by biologically originated materials essentially determines their performance and potential for Pb removal and remediation.Many factors,e.g.,metal ion radius,electronegativity,the shape of the cell surface sheath,temperature and pH,are thought to exert significant influences on the abovementioned interactions with Pb.Conclusively,understanding the chemical basis of Pb-binding in these bacteria can allow for the development of effective microbial Pb remediation technologies and further elucidation of Pb cycling in the environment.展开更多
Mercury(Hg)ranks number three,after arsenic(As)and lead(Pb),on the Substance Priority List of the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry(ATSDR,2019).Mercury species,especially methylmercury(Me Hg)and mercury...Mercury(Hg)ranks number three,after arsenic(As)and lead(Pb),on the Substance Priority List of the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry(ATSDR,2019).Mercury species,especially methylmercury(Me Hg)and mercury vapor(Hg 0),are particularly toxic to neurological and developmental systems.Exposure to high concentrations of methylmercury or mercury vapor can cause damages to the brain,kidneys,and developing fetus.Exposure to lower concentrations of mercury may also have adverse health effects on fetal growth,neurocognitive function,and the cardio-vascular system(Karagas et al.,2012).展开更多
文摘The risk of gas leakage due to geological flaws in offshore carbon capture, utilization, and storage, as well as leakage from underwater oil or gas pipelines, highlights the need for underwater gas leakage monitoring technology. Remotely operated vehicles(ROVs) and autonomous underwater vehicles(AUVs) are equipped with high-resolution imaging sonar systems that have broad application potential in underwater gas and target detection tasks. However, some bubble clusters are relatively weak scatterers, so detecting and distinguishing them against the seabed reverberation in forward-looking sonar images are challenging. This study uses the dual-tree complex wavelet transform to extract the image features of multibeam forward-looking sonar. Underwater gas leakages with different flows are classified by combining deep learning theory. A pool experiment is designed to simulate gas leakage, where sonar images are obtained for further processing. Results demonstrate that this method can detect and classify underwater gas leakage streams with high classification accuracy. This performance indicates that the method can detect gas leakage from multibeam forward-looking sonar images and has the potential to predict gas leakage flow.
基金supported by the key R&D program of China Energy Investment Corporation (GJNY-18-27)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 61675110 and 51906124)。
文摘Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS) is a potential technology for online coal property analysis,but successful quantitative measurement of calorific value using LIBS suffers from relatively low accuracy caused by the matrix effect.To solve this problem,the support vector machine(SVM) and the partial least square(PLS) were combined to increase the measurement accuracy of calorific value in this study.The combination model utilized SVM to classify coal samples into two groups according to their volatile matter contents to reduce the matrix effect,and then applied PLS to establish calibration models for each sample group respectively.The proposed model was applied to the measurement of calorific values of 53 coal samples,showing that the proposed model could greatly increase accuracy of the measurement of calorific values.Compared with the traditional PLS method,the coefficient of determination(R2) was improved from 0.93 to 0.97,the root-mean-square error of prediction was reduced from 1.68 MJ kg-1 to1.08 MJ kg-1,and the average relative error was decreased from 6.7% to 3.93%,showing an overall improvement.
文摘The objective of this study was to observe the effect of Danhong injection combined with magnesium polarized solution and nitrate on coronary heart disease.A total of 58 patients who had been diagnosed with coronary heart disease who participated in the voluntary study were selected and divided into observation group and control group.The number of patients in the two groups was 29,and the control group was mainly injected with nitroglycerin.The observation group was mainly treated with Danhong injection combined with magnesium polarized solution and nitrate ester.The main comparisons were the difference of clinical treatment effect,total cholesterol before and after treatment between the two groups of patients under different therapeutic drugs,and the differences in endothelin were recorded.The observation group was superior to the control group in terms of clinical treatment effect and total cholesterol and endothelin after treatment.Danhong injection combined with magnesium polarized solution and nitrate ester has a good effect in the treatment of coronary heart disease,which can be promoted and developed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21177162 and 51579253)the Commodity Inspection and Quarantine in Nanhai,Foshan,for their assistance in the determinations of antibiotics in this project
文摘Previous studies on environmental antibiotics resistance genes（ARGs） have focused on the pollution sources such as wastewater treatment plants, aquaculture and livestock farms,etc. Few of them had addressed this issue in a regional scale such as river catchment. Hence,the occurrence and abundances of 23 ARGs were investigated in surface water samples collected from 38 sites which located from the river source to estuary of the Beijiang River.Among them, 11 ARGs were frequently detected in this region and 5 ARGs（sul Ⅰ, sul Ⅱ, tet B,tet C, and tet W） were selected for their distribution pattern analysis. The abundances of the selected ARGs were higher in the upstream（8.70 × 10^6 copies/ng DNA） and downstream areas（3.17 × 10^6 copies/ng DNA） than those in the midstream areas（1.23 × 10^6 copies/ng DNA）, which was positively correlated to the population density and number of pollution sources. Pollution sources of ARGs along the Beijiang River not only had a great impact on the abundances and diversity, but also on the distribution of specific ARGs in the water samples. Both sul Ⅰ and sul Ⅱ were likely originated from aquaculture farms and animal farms,tet W gene was possibly associated with the mining/metal melting industry and the electric waste disposal and tet C gene was commonly found in the area with multiple pollution sources.However, the abundance of tet B was not particularly related to anthropogenic impacts. These findings highlight the influence of pollution sources and density of population on the distribution and dissemination of ARGs at a regional scale.
基金supported by Alberta Health, Alberta Innovates, the Canada Research Chairs Programthe Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada
文摘The occurrence of a large number of diverse arsenic species in the environment and in biological systems makes it important to compare their relative toxicity. The toxicity of arsenic species has been examined in various cell lines using different assays, making comparison difficult. We report real-time cell sensing of two human cell lines to examine the cytotoxicity of fourteen arsenic species： arsenite（As~Ⅲ）, monomethylarsonous acid（MMA~Ⅲ） originating from the oxide and iodide forms, dimethylarsinous acid（DMA~Ⅲ）, dimethylarsinic glutathione（DMAG~Ⅲ）, phenylarsine oxide（PAO~Ⅲ）, arsenate（AsV）, monomethylarsonic acid（MMA~Ⅴ）, dimethylarsinic acid（DMA~Ⅴ）,monomethyltrithioarsonate（MMTTA~Ⅴ）, dimethylmonothioarsinate（DMMTA~Ⅴ）,dimethyldithioarsinate（DMDTA~Ⅴ）, 3-nitro-4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid（Roxarsone, Rox）,and 4-aminobenzenearsenic acid（p-arsanilic acid, p-ASA）. Cellular responses were measured in real time for 72 hr in human lung（A549） and bladder（T24） cells. IC50 values for the arsenicals were determined continuously over the exposure time, giving rise to IC50 histograms and unique cell response profiles. Arsenic accumulation and speciation were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry（ICP-MS）. On the basis of the 24-hr IC50 values, the relative cytotoxicity of the tested arsenicals was in the following decreasing order： PAO~Ⅲ？ MMA~Ⅲ≥ DMA~Ⅲ≥ DMAG~Ⅲ≈ DMMTA~Ⅴ≥ As~Ⅲ？ MMTTA~Ⅴ〉 AsV〉 DMDTA~Ⅴ〉DMA~Ⅴ〉 MMA~Ⅴ≥ Rox ≥ p-ASA. Stepwise shapes of cell response profiles for DMA~Ⅲ, DMAG~Ⅲ,and DMMTA~Ⅴcoincided with the conversion of these arsenicals to the less toxic pentavalent DMA~Ⅴ. Dynamic monitoring of real-time cellular responses to fourteen arsenicals provided useful information for comparison of their relative cytotoxicity.
文摘The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria, or'superbugs,' has become an urgent and worldwide concern.Antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) cause significant morbidity and mortality (O’Neill, 2016). It has been estimated that ARB cause at least 23,000 deaths annually in the United States alone and hundreds of thousands of deaths in developing countries (Bougnom and Piddock, 2017).
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China(No.21777198 and 21625703)the Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen(No.SZSM201811070)the National Key Technology Research,Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China during the 12th Five-Year Plan Period(No.2014BAI12B01)
文摘Natural bacterial isolates from heavily contaminated sites may evolve diverse tolerance strategies,including biosorption,efflux mechanism,and intracellular precipitation under the continually increased stress of toxic lead (Pb) from anthropogenic activities.These strategies utilize a large variety of functional groups in biological macromolecules (e.g.,exopolysaccharides (EPSs) and metalloproteins) and inorganic ligands,including carboxyl,phosphate and amide groups,for capturing Pb.The amount and type of binding sites carried by biologically originated materials essentially determines their performance and potential for Pb removal and remediation.Many factors,e.g.,metal ion radius,electronegativity,the shape of the cell surface sheath,temperature and pH,are thought to exert significant influences on the abovementioned interactions with Pb.Conclusively,understanding the chemical basis of Pb-binding in these bacteria can allow for the development of effective microbial Pb remediation technologies and further elucidation of Pb cycling in the environment.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21777198)the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory program+3 种基金the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory Programthe Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canadathe Canadian Institutes of Health ResearchAlberta Health for their support。
文摘Mercury(Hg)ranks number three,after arsenic(As)and lead(Pb),on the Substance Priority List of the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry(ATSDR,2019).Mercury species,especially methylmercury(Me Hg)and mercury vapor(Hg 0),are particularly toxic to neurological and developmental systems.Exposure to high concentrations of methylmercury or mercury vapor can cause damages to the brain,kidneys,and developing fetus.Exposure to lower concentrations of mercury may also have adverse health effects on fetal growth,neurocognitive function,and the cardio-vascular system(Karagas et al.,2012).
