In view of the common problems of integrating artificial intelligence into the training of postgraduates in Acupuncture and Tuina major,this paper reviews the related research progress both at home and abroad.It puts ...In view of the common problems of integrating artificial intelligence into the training of postgraduates in Acupuncture and Tuina major,this paper reviews the related research progress both at home and abroad.It puts forward the innovative reform paths for integrating artificial intelligence into postgraduate training mode of Acupuncture and Tuina major:construct the teaching staff of artificial intelligence graduate students;innovating artificial intelligence to promote the integration of classics and scientific research;constructing the ideological and political case base of artificial intelligence courses;implementing artificial intelligence platform blended teaching;building a domestic and foreign exchange platform for artificial intelligence.Through practical research in teaching,it has achieved good teaching results and played a good demonstration,leading and radiation role in similar majors in China.展开更多
Through the review of relevant literature in recent years,it is found that the incidence rate of metabolic diseases in rural areas is on the rise:The related factors that may cause diseases include diet structure,exer...Through the review of relevant literature in recent years,it is found that the incidence rate of metabolic diseases in rural areas is on the rise:The related factors that may cause diseases include diet structure,exercise habits,medical resources and other aspects.At the same time,there are some limitations in the intervention and treatment measures of this kind of disease.It is urgent to carry out in-depth exploration for the special conditions in rural areas.By reviewing the research progress related to metabolic diseases in rural areas,more new ideas are provided for the treatment and improvement of metabolic diseases in rural areas.展开更多
Thermal transport properties of GaN heteroepitaxial structures are of critical importance for the thermal management of high-power GaN electronic and optoelectronic devices. Ultraviolet(UV) lasers are employed to dire...Thermal transport properties of GaN heteroepitaxial structures are of critical importance for the thermal management of high-power GaN electronic and optoelectronic devices. Ultraviolet(UV) lasers are employed to directly heat and sense the GaN epilayers in the transient thermoreflectance(TTR) measurement, obtaining important thermal transport properties in different GaN heterostructures, which include a diamond thin film heat spreader grown on GaN. The UV TTR technique enables rapid and non-contact thermal characterization for GaN wafers.展开更多
With the development of drone technology and oblique photogrammetry technology, the acquisition of oblique photogrammetry models and basemap becomes more and more convenient and quickly. The increase in the number of ...With the development of drone technology and oblique photogrammetry technology, the acquisition of oblique photogrammetry models and basemap becomes more and more convenient and quickly. The increase in the number of basemap leads to excessively redundant basemap tiles requests in 3D GIS when loading oblique photogrammetry models, which slows down the system. Aiming at improving the speed of running system, this paper proposes a dynamic strategy for loading basemap tiles. Different from existing 3D GIS which loading oblique photogrammetry models and basemap tiles inde-pendently, this strategy dynamically loads basemap tiles depending on different height of view and the range of loaded oblique photogrammetry models. We achieve dynamic loading of basemap tiles by predetermining whether the basemap tiles will be covered by the oblique photogrammetry models. The experimental results show that this strategy can greatly reduce the num-ber of redundant requests from the client to the server while ensuring the user’s visual requirements for the oblique photogrammetric model.展开更多
BACKGROUND Foreign body aspiration mainly occurs in children,which can cause a severe concurrent syndrome and even death without timely treatment.As a rare foreign body,aspiration of lime is seldom reported,and most c...BACKGROUND Foreign body aspiration mainly occurs in children,which can cause a severe concurrent syndrome and even death without timely treatment.As a rare foreign body,aspiration of lime is seldom reported,and most cases involve a small amount of hydrated lime.Although the symptoms are usually severe,the prognosis is good after suitable treatment.Experience of treatment for lime aspiration is lacking,and this report provides novel evidence for treatment of mass burnt lime aspiration using bronchoscopy.CASE SUMMARY We report an adult with a large amount of burnt lime aspiration.Because of delay in clearance of the inhaled lime in the trachea and bronchus at the local hospital,he suffered several severe complications,including complete occlusion of the right primary bronchus,aeropleura,aerodermectasia,pneumomediastinum,secondary infection and hypoxemia at 4 d after injury.After transferring to our department,bronchoscopy was immediately carried out to clear the lime in the major airway,using foreign body forceps,biopsy forceps,puncture needle,and hairbrush.The patient’s condition recovered rapidly and at 3-months’follow-up,he demonstrated good recovery of the bronchus and lung parenchyma.CONCLUSION After mass lime aspiration,flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy is suggested as early as possible,using clamping,flushing or cryotherapy.展开更多
In this paper,a solidly mounted resonator(SMR)was designed with nanocrystalline diamond(NCD)as the high acoustic impedance material of Bragg reflector to improve the quality.We used Mathcad to investigate the effect o...In this paper,a solidly mounted resonator(SMR)was designed with nanocrystalline diamond(NCD)as the high acoustic impedance material of Bragg reflector to improve the quality.We used Mathcad to investigate the effect of the Bragg reflector on the performance of the SMR,as well as the influence of different materials and the number of layers of Bragg reflector on the quality factor Q.Results show that the Bragg reflector could reduce energy loss effectively,and the higher the impedance of the high acoustic impedance layer,the better the SMR.The parasitic factors of the SMR using two high acoustic impedance materials,tungsten(W)and NCD,were also simulated by an Advanced Design System(ADS)using the Mason model.It was found that the parasitic effect caused by metal would significantly decrease the Q factor of the SMR.In the frequency range below 6 GHz,within which the SMR works normally,NCD performed better than W.Therefore,NCD is a better choice of high acoustic impedance material in the design of the SMR,with improved quality at high frequency and low loss.The optimum number of layers of Bragg reflector is 6.展开更多
With the wide application of immunotherapy drug PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor in China and the continuous clinical research,a major problem that we have to face is the immune-related pneumonia caused by PD-1/PD-L1.At present,w...With the wide application of immunotherapy drug PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor in China and the continuous clinical research,a major problem that we have to face is the immune-related pneumonia caused by PD-1/PD-L1.At present,western medicine mainly treated it by hormone therapy,which may cause side effects,such as obesity,osteoporosis and osteonecrosis for hormone therapy by long-term,and increase the patients'pain.Under the guidance of the theory of syndrome differentiation,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)advocates the methods of expelling wind and clearing away cold,resolving phlegm and relieving asthma,relieving heat from lung,and invigorating the spleen and tonifying the kidney,etc.Exact differentiation of symptoms and rational usage of drugs can play an important role in the early prevention and treatment of immune-related pneumonia,reflecting the important role of TCM in the prevention and treatment of side effects of new drugs.In order to provide an effective clinical reference for clinicians in the practice of using PD-1/PD-L1,this paper systematically reviewed the use of TCM in the treatment of immune-related pneumonia induced by PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.展开更多
Objective:To summarize the clinical manifestation,diagnosis and treatment of a case of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the pancreas(epithelioid hemangioendothelioma,EHE)with liver and right lung involvement.Method...Objective:To summarize the clinical manifestation,diagnosis and treatment of a case of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the pancreas(epithelioid hemangioendothelioma,EHE)with liver and right lung involvement.Methods:The clinical,imaging,histomorphological and immunohistochemical features of a patient with pancreatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma with liver and right lung involvement diagnosed in Laizhou traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital in 2021 were analyzed retrospectively,and the related literatures were reviewed.Results:After 8 cycles of chemotherapy combined with hyperthermia and traditional Chinese medicine treatment,the clinical discomfort symptoms were significantly improved,the quality of life was improved,and the condition was stable,which is still in the process of treatment.Conclusion:Pancreatic EHE is rare in clinic.Imaging plays an important role in the diagnosis of pancreatic EHE,but the final diagnosis should be confirmed by pathological examination.The histological features of this case of EHE should be distinguished from metastatic carcinoma,epithelioid sarcoma,mesothelioma and other common tumors in the abdominal cavity,and its diagnosis is challenging.Surgical resection is the first choice for EHE,but its sensitivity to radiotherapy and chemotherapy is not accurate.The prognosis of EHE needs to collect more case data for in-depth and systematic study and analysis.展开更多
Boron doped diamond(BDD)electrode is a promising electrochemical material for detecting dopamine level in the human’s body.In this work,we developed a new doping source-graphite and solid boron oxide powders to synth...Boron doped diamond(BDD)electrode is a promising electrochemical material for detecting dopamine level in the human’s body.In this work,we developed a new doping source-graphite and solid boron oxide powders to synthesize BDD film with microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition,so as to avoid using toxic or corrosive dopants,such as boroethane and trimethylborate.The synthesized BDD film is pinhole free and with high doping density of 8.44×10^20 cm^-3 calculated from the Raman spectroscopy.Subsequently,Au nanospheres were decorated on the surface of BDD film to improve electrochemical performance of the BDD film.The Au nanoparticles modified BDD electrode demonstrates an excellent electrochemical response,a high sensitivity(in the range of 5μM-1 m M),and a low detection limit(~0.8μM)for detecting dopamine.展开更多
Background:In the 1990s,China introduced a“free”tuberculosis(TB)care policy under the national TB control program.Recently,as a part of a new TB diagnosis and treatment model,it has been recommended that the integra...Background:In the 1990s,China introduced a“free”tuberculosis(TB)care policy under the national TB control program.Recently,as a part of a new TB diagnosis and treatment model,it has been recommended that the integrated model scale up.This paper examines whether or not TB designated hospitals in the selected project sites have provided TB care according to the national and local guidelines,and analyzes the actual practices and expenditures involved in completing TB treatment.It also explores the reasons why“free”TB care in China cannot be effectively implemented under the integrated model.Methods:This study was conducted in three counties of Zhenjiang city,Jiangsu province.Mixed methods were used,which comprised reviewing the national and local TB control guidelines,conducting TB patient surveys,collecting TB inpatient and outpatient hospital records,and conducting qualitative interviews with stakeholders.Descriptive statistics were used for quantitative data analysis across counties and in order to compare patients who received only outpatient care and those who received both outpatient and inpatient care.The chi-square test and analysis of variance were performed where necessary.Qualitative data were analyzed using the framework approach.Results:Although the national TB care guidelines recommend outpatient care as a basis for TB treatment in China,we found high hospital admission rates for TB patients ranging from 39%in Yangzhong county to 83%in Dantu county.Almost all outpatient TB patients paid for lab tests and over 80%paid for liver protection drugs and around 70%paid for image examinations.These three components accounted for three-quarters of the total outpatient expenditure.For patients who received only outpatient care,the total expenditure upon completion of TB treatment was on average 1,135 Chinese yuan.For patients who received outpatient and inpatient care,the total expenditure upon completion of TB treatment was 11,117 Chinese yuan.Conclusion:The“free”TB care policy under the integrated model has not been effectively implemented in China.There has been substantial spending on non-recommended services,examinations,and drugs for TB treatment.展开更多
In this study, the effects of oxygen flow rate and annealing temperature on Gd_2 O_3 structures and optical properties were systematically analyzed. Gd_2 O_3 films were deposited on both quartz and ZnS substrates by m...In this study, the effects of oxygen flow rate and annealing temperature on Gd_2 O_3 structures and optical properties were systematically analyzed. Gd_2 O_3 films were deposited on both quartz and ZnS substrates by magnetron sputtering and then annealed under vacuum at 700, 800 and 900℃, Restructure and phase transformation from cubic to monoclinic occur at different temperatures depending on the oxygen flow rate. The optical band gap, which is more sensitive to the annealing temperature than oxygen flow rate changes from 5.32 to 5.65 eV. The refractive index is approximately 1.75 at 550 nm and is adjustable by the oxygen flow rate. The transmittance of the ZnS substrate with Gd_2 O_3 film exceeds 80% and reaches82% at the 7.5-9.5 μm range. When ZnS is coated on both sides, the transmittance is increased to approximately 90%. Our results indicate that Gd_2 O_3 films are promising new candidates for anti-reflective coatings in the infrared region.展开更多
Natural organisms such as cactus spines or trachea cilia have unique directional transport ability, owing to their anisotropic surface structures or asymmetric motion.However, most artificial interfacial materials are...Natural organisms such as cactus spines or trachea cilia have unique directional transport ability, owing to their anisotropic surface structures or asymmetric motion.However, most artificial interfacial materials are incapable of transporting macroscale object underwater. Herein, we report that anisotropic microcilia arrays, composed of cobalt fine powder and PDMS, can successfully transport the centimeterscale hydrogel underwater by periodically asymmetric stroke under alternative magnetic field. Reciprocal collective stroke of anisotropic microcilia can generate directional flow, propelling the centimeter-scale hydrogel slice forward. Accompanying computational simulation results are consistent with the directional transport behaviors observed in our experiments. This study provides a clue to design artificial anisotropic interfacial materials with capability of transporting macroscale object at low Reynolds number.展开更多
基金Supported by Research Project of Postgraduate Education and Teaching Reform in Jilin Province in 2023(JJKH20230060YJG)Research Project of Teaching Reform of Vocational Education and Adult Education in Jilin Province(2022ZCY295)+5 种基金Scientific Research Project of Higher Education in Jilin Province in 2023(JGJX2023D200)Research Project of Teaching Reform of Higher Education in 2023(XJSX202301)Research Project of Teaching Reform of Higher Education in 2023(XJ202303)Postgraduate Training Innovation Demonstration Project in 2023(2023YJ04)Postgraduate Training Innovation Demonstration Project in 2023(2023YJ01)Provincial College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project(S202310199042&S202310199043).
文摘In view of the common problems of integrating artificial intelligence into the training of postgraduates in Acupuncture and Tuina major,this paper reviews the related research progress both at home and abroad.It puts forward the innovative reform paths for integrating artificial intelligence into postgraduate training mode of Acupuncture and Tuina major:construct the teaching staff of artificial intelligence graduate students;innovating artificial intelligence to promote the integration of classics and scientific research;constructing the ideological and political case base of artificial intelligence courses;implementing artificial intelligence platform blended teaching;building a domestic and foreign exchange platform for artificial intelligence.Through practical research in teaching,it has achieved good teaching results and played a good demonstration,leading and radiation role in similar majors in China.
基金Supported by 2023 Jilin Province College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(S202310199042)Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Plan Project(YDZJ202201ZYTS195)+1 种基金2022 Jilin Province Traditional Chinese Medicine Technology Project(2022128)Youth Excellent Discipline Backbone Training Project in Changchun University of Chinese Medicine(202304).
文摘Through the review of relevant literature in recent years,it is found that the incidence rate of metabolic diseases in rural areas is on the rise:The related factors that may cause diseases include diet structure,exercise habits,medical resources and other aspects.At the same time,there are some limitations in the intervention and treatment measures of this kind of disease.It is urgent to carry out in-depth exploration for the special conditions in rural areas.By reviewing the research progress related to metabolic diseases in rural areas,more new ideas are provided for the treatment and improvement of metabolic diseases in rural areas.
基金Project supported by the Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61604049)the Shenzhen Municipal Research Project(Grant No.JCYJ20160531192714636)
文摘Thermal transport properties of GaN heteroepitaxial structures are of critical importance for the thermal management of high-power GaN electronic and optoelectronic devices. Ultraviolet(UV) lasers are employed to directly heat and sense the GaN epilayers in the transient thermoreflectance(TTR) measurement, obtaining important thermal transport properties in different GaN heterostructures, which include a diamond thin film heat spreader grown on GaN. The UV TTR technique enables rapid and non-contact thermal characterization for GaN wafers.
文摘With the development of drone technology and oblique photogrammetry technology, the acquisition of oblique photogrammetry models and basemap becomes more and more convenient and quickly. The increase in the number of basemap leads to excessively redundant basemap tiles requests in 3D GIS when loading oblique photogrammetry models, which slows down the system. Aiming at improving the speed of running system, this paper proposes a dynamic strategy for loading basemap tiles. Different from existing 3D GIS which loading oblique photogrammetry models and basemap tiles inde-pendently, this strategy dynamically loads basemap tiles depending on different height of view and the range of loaded oblique photogrammetry models. We achieve dynamic loading of basemap tiles by predetermining whether the basemap tiles will be covered by the oblique photogrammetry models. The experimental results show that this strategy can greatly reduce the num-ber of redundant requests from the client to the server while ensuring the user’s visual requirements for the oblique photogrammetric model.
文摘BACKGROUND Foreign body aspiration mainly occurs in children,which can cause a severe concurrent syndrome and even death without timely treatment.As a rare foreign body,aspiration of lime is seldom reported,and most cases involve a small amount of hydrated lime.Although the symptoms are usually severe,the prognosis is good after suitable treatment.Experience of treatment for lime aspiration is lacking,and this report provides novel evidence for treatment of mass burnt lime aspiration using bronchoscopy.CASE SUMMARY We report an adult with a large amount of burnt lime aspiration.Because of delay in clearance of the inhaled lime in the trachea and bronchus at the local hospital,he suffered several severe complications,including complete occlusion of the right primary bronchus,aeropleura,aerodermectasia,pneumomediastinum,secondary infection and hypoxemia at 4 d after injury.After transferring to our department,bronchoscopy was immediately carried out to clear the lime in the major airway,using foreign body forceps,biopsy forceps,puncture needle,and hairbrush.The patient’s condition recovered rapidly and at 3-months’follow-up,he demonstrated good recovery of the bronchus and lung parenchyma.CONCLUSION After mass lime aspiration,flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy is suggested as early as possible,using clamping,flushing or cryotherapy.
基金Sponsored by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No.51625201)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51702066).
文摘In this paper,a solidly mounted resonator(SMR)was designed with nanocrystalline diamond(NCD)as the high acoustic impedance material of Bragg reflector to improve the quality.We used Mathcad to investigate the effect of the Bragg reflector on the performance of the SMR,as well as the influence of different materials and the number of layers of Bragg reflector on the quality factor Q.Results show that the Bragg reflector could reduce energy loss effectively,and the higher the impedance of the high acoustic impedance layer,the better the SMR.The parasitic factors of the SMR using two high acoustic impedance materials,tungsten(W)and NCD,were also simulated by an Advanced Design System(ADS)using the Mason model.It was found that the parasitic effect caused by metal would significantly decrease the Q factor of the SMR.In the frequency range below 6 GHz,within which the SMR works normally,NCD performed better than W.Therefore,NCD is a better choice of high acoustic impedance material in the design of the SMR,with improved quality at high frequency and low loss.The optimum number of layers of Bragg reflector is 6.
文摘With the wide application of immunotherapy drug PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor in China and the continuous clinical research,a major problem that we have to face is the immune-related pneumonia caused by PD-1/PD-L1.At present,western medicine mainly treated it by hormone therapy,which may cause side effects,such as obesity,osteoporosis and osteonecrosis for hormone therapy by long-term,and increase the patients'pain.Under the guidance of the theory of syndrome differentiation,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)advocates the methods of expelling wind and clearing away cold,resolving phlegm and relieving asthma,relieving heat from lung,and invigorating the spleen and tonifying the kidney,etc.Exact differentiation of symptoms and rational usage of drugs can play an important role in the early prevention and treatment of immune-related pneumonia,reflecting the important role of TCM in the prevention and treatment of side effects of new drugs.In order to provide an effective clinical reference for clinicians in the practice of using PD-1/PD-L1,this paper systematically reviewed the use of TCM in the treatment of immune-related pneumonia induced by PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.
文摘Objective:To summarize the clinical manifestation,diagnosis and treatment of a case of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the pancreas(epithelioid hemangioendothelioma,EHE)with liver and right lung involvement.Methods:The clinical,imaging,histomorphological and immunohistochemical features of a patient with pancreatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma with liver and right lung involvement diagnosed in Laizhou traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital in 2021 were analyzed retrospectively,and the related literatures were reviewed.Results:After 8 cycles of chemotherapy combined with hyperthermia and traditional Chinese medicine treatment,the clinical discomfort symptoms were significantly improved,the quality of life was improved,and the condition was stable,which is still in the process of treatment.Conclusion:Pancreatic EHE is rare in clinic.Imaging plays an important role in the diagnosis of pancreatic EHE,but the final diagnosis should be confirmed by pathological examination.The histological features of this case of EHE should be distinguished from metastatic carcinoma,epithelioid sarcoma,mesothelioma and other common tumors in the abdominal cavity,and its diagnosis is challenging.Surgical resection is the first choice for EHE,but its sensitivity to radiotherapy and chemotherapy is not accurate.The prognosis of EHE needs to collect more case data for in-depth and systematic study and analysis.
基金financially supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.51625201)the National Natural Science Foundation of China No.51,702,066+2 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFE0201600)the Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing,Ministry of Education,Harbin Institute of Technology(No.2016KM001)the Innovative research group of NSFC11421091。
文摘Boron doped diamond(BDD)electrode is a promising electrochemical material for detecting dopamine level in the human’s body.In this work,we developed a new doping source-graphite and solid boron oxide powders to synthesize BDD film with microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition,so as to avoid using toxic or corrosive dopants,such as boroethane and trimethylborate.The synthesized BDD film is pinhole free and with high doping density of 8.44×10^20 cm^-3 calculated from the Raman spectroscopy.Subsequently,Au nanospheres were decorated on the surface of BDD film to improve electrochemical performance of the BDD film.The Au nanoparticles modified BDD electrode demonstrates an excellent electrochemical response,a high sensitivity(in the range of 5μM-1 m M),and a low detection limit(~0.8μM)for detecting dopamine.
基金The study about which this paper was written is part of a large program entitled“China National Health and Family Planning Commission and the Gates Foundation TB Project,”a collaboration between the Government of China and the Bill&Melinda Gates Foundation(Grant No.51914),and implemented by the China CDC.
文摘Background:In the 1990s,China introduced a“free”tuberculosis(TB)care policy under the national TB control program.Recently,as a part of a new TB diagnosis and treatment model,it has been recommended that the integrated model scale up.This paper examines whether or not TB designated hospitals in the selected project sites have provided TB care according to the national and local guidelines,and analyzes the actual practices and expenditures involved in completing TB treatment.It also explores the reasons why“free”TB care in China cannot be effectively implemented under the integrated model.Methods:This study was conducted in three counties of Zhenjiang city,Jiangsu province.Mixed methods were used,which comprised reviewing the national and local TB control guidelines,conducting TB patient surveys,collecting TB inpatient and outpatient hospital records,and conducting qualitative interviews with stakeholders.Descriptive statistics were used for quantitative data analysis across counties and in order to compare patients who received only outpatient care and those who received both outpatient and inpatient care.The chi-square test and analysis of variance were performed where necessary.Qualitative data were analyzed using the framework approach.Results:Although the national TB care guidelines recommend outpatient care as a basis for TB treatment in China,we found high hospital admission rates for TB patients ranging from 39%in Yangzhong county to 83%in Dantu county.Almost all outpatient TB patients paid for lab tests and over 80%paid for liver protection drugs and around 70%paid for image examinations.These three components accounted for three-quarters of the total outpatient expenditure.For patients who received only outpatient care,the total expenditure upon completion of TB treatment was on average 1,135 Chinese yuan.For patients who received outpatient and inpatient care,the total expenditure upon completion of TB treatment was 11,117 Chinese yuan.Conclusion:The“free”TB care policy under the integrated model has not been effectively implemented in China.There has been substantial spending on non-recommended services,examinations,and drugs for TB treatment.
基金supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(51625201)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFE0201600)+3 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(51372053)Innovative Research Group of National Natural Science Foundation of China(11421091)International Science&Technology Cooperation Program of China(2015DFR50300)the Major State Basic Search Program(2014CB46505)
文摘In this study, the effects of oxygen flow rate and annealing temperature on Gd_2 O_3 structures and optical properties were systematically analyzed. Gd_2 O_3 films were deposited on both quartz and ZnS substrates by magnetron sputtering and then annealed under vacuum at 700, 800 and 900℃, Restructure and phase transformation from cubic to monoclinic occur at different temperatures depending on the oxygen flow rate. The optical band gap, which is more sensitive to the annealing temperature than oxygen flow rate changes from 5.32 to 5.65 eV. The refractive index is approximately 1.75 at 550 nm and is adjustable by the oxygen flow rate. The transmittance of the ZnS substrate with Gd_2 O_3 film exceeds 80% and reaches82% at the 7.5-9.5 μm range. When ZnS is coated on both sides, the transmittance is increased to approximately 90%. Our results indicate that Gd_2 O_3 films are promising new candidates for anti-reflective coatings in the infrared region.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21425314, 21434009, 21421061, 11402274 and 11772343)the Program for Changjiang Scholarsthe Top-Notch Young Talents Program of China
文摘Natural organisms such as cactus spines or trachea cilia have unique directional transport ability, owing to their anisotropic surface structures or asymmetric motion.However, most artificial interfacial materials are incapable of transporting macroscale object underwater. Herein, we report that anisotropic microcilia arrays, composed of cobalt fine powder and PDMS, can successfully transport the centimeterscale hydrogel underwater by periodically asymmetric stroke under alternative magnetic field. Reciprocal collective stroke of anisotropic microcilia can generate directional flow, propelling the centimeter-scale hydrogel slice forward. Accompanying computational simulation results are consistent with the directional transport behaviors observed in our experiments. This study provides a clue to design artificial anisotropic interfacial materials with capability of transporting macroscale object at low Reynolds number.
