Purpose:The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of motivational interviewing(MI)on the quality of life and its related factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients with poor long-term glycemic control.De...Purpose:The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of motivational interviewing(MI)on the quality of life and its related factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients with poor long-term glycemic control.Design and methods:One hundred tenT2DMpatientswithpoor long-termglycemic control that were hospitalized in our institution were enrolled in this study and randomly assigned to receive eitherMI or routine diabetes education intervention.Patients'body mass index values,Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance(HOMA-IR)scores,and levels of glycated hemoglobin(HbA1C),triglycerides,high-and low-density lipoproteincholesterols,Summary of Diabetes Self-management Activities and Diabetes Specific Quality of Life assessments were recorded before and six months after intervention.Results:Baseline scores for all measurements did not differ between patients in the control and MI groups.Although MI resulted in a significant reduction of HbA1c and serum lipid levels compared with the baseline,the effect was not significantly different from the control intervention.However,the improvement in HOMA-IR scores was significantly greater in the MI group compared with the control intervention(2.8±2.8 vs.5.7±4.7;p=0.000).Moreover,MI significantly elevated diabetes self-management activities ratings compared with the control intervention(13.2±3.4 vs.10.9±4.3;p=0.004).Conclusion:Compared to routine diabetes education,MI is a more effective approach for improving HOMA-IR and self-management of T2DM patients with poor long-term glycemic control.展开更多
INTRODUCTION Autoimmunity is defined as, a condition characterized by a specific humoral or cell-mediated immune response against the constituents of the body＇s own tissues （autoantigens）. In numerous autoimmune di...INTRODUCTION Autoimmunity is defined as, a condition characterized by a specific humoral or cell-mediated immune response against the constituents of the body＇s own tissues （autoantigens）. In numerous autoimmune diseases, such an immune response is well recognized that causes damage to the self-constituents of body tissues by the products of the immune system. Graves＇ hyperthyroidism occurs after the loss of tolerance to the thyroid stimulating hormone receptor （TSHR） and the generation of thyroid stimulatory antibodies that mimic the action of thyroid-stimulating hormone （TSH）.展开更多
Background::To date,there is only scare evidence characterizing the temporal features and progression of metabolic dysfunction in high-fat diet(HFD)-fed obese mice.Hence,its specific pathogenesis remains unclear.Metho...Background::To date,there is only scare evidence characterizing the temporal features and progression of metabolic dysfunction in high-fat diet(HFD)-fed obese mice.Hence,its specific pathogenesis remains unclear.Methods::Sixty 6-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into HFD and control diet(CD)groups and sacrificed at 1,5,9,13,17,and 21 weeks,respectively.At weekly intervals,intraperitoneal glucose tolerance testing(IPGTT)and intraperitoneal insulin tolerance testing(IPITT)were performed in both groups.A detailed time course in HFD-fed mice was investigated by evaluating the initiation of glucose homeostasis impairment,dyslipidemia,systemic insulin sensitivity,monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1)levels,epididymal white adipose tissue(eWAT)expansion,macrophage content changes,proinflammatory(M1)/anti-inflammatory(M2)macrophage imbalance,lipid accumulation in the liver,andβ-cell morphometry in the pancreas.Results::In the HFD group,progressive weight gain and impairments in glucose metabolism(elevated fasting blood glucose and area under the curve(AUC)of IPGTT)were observed from the 3rd week,and a significantly elevated AUC of IPITT was first detected after week 7 of HFD feeding.As for dyslipidemia,after 9 weeks of feeding,the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level and total cholesterol level in HFD group were significantly higher than those in the CD group(all P<0.05),whereas no significant differences were shown in triglyceride level.Adipocyte size increased significantly in the HFD group in the 1st week,a phenotypic switch in eWAT from anti-inflammatory(M2)to pro-inflammatory(M1)macrophages was observed in the 5th week,and the metabolic inflammation was distinct in eWAT in the 9th week.Additionally,liver steatosis was considerably obvious at the 17th week and pancreaticβ-cell morphometry did not change during 21 weeks of HFD feeding.Conclusion::The eWAT expansion was detected early in HFD-induced obese mice,which occurred prior to obvious insulin resistance.展开更多
Diabetes has become one of the largest public health problems to date. Decreased physical activity, overnutrition, and nutrition transitions caused by changes in lifestyle contribute to the increasing incidence of chr...Diabetes has become one of the largest public health problems to date. Decreased physical activity, overnutrition, and nutrition transitions caused by changes in lifestyle contribute to the increasing incidence of chronic metabolic diseases as well as deaths related to them. The shift from undernutrition to overnutrition indicates that chronic diseases of affluence have become a public health problem;hence, sustainable health-related goals have been developed for the prevention of these diseases. Environmental factors and the gut microbiota influence metabolism in the human body. Several studies have proven that lifestyle interventions can effectively deter the progression of diabetes in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance. If the window of prevention is shifted earlier, diabetes may become a fortuitous event. Effective prevention needs high attention from the government and the partici-pation of all citizens. Concrete scientific and reasonable measures also need to be developed by experts and scholars.展开更多
文摘Purpose:The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of motivational interviewing(MI)on the quality of life and its related factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients with poor long-term glycemic control.Design and methods:One hundred tenT2DMpatientswithpoor long-termglycemic control that were hospitalized in our institution were enrolled in this study and randomly assigned to receive eitherMI or routine diabetes education intervention.Patients'body mass index values,Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance(HOMA-IR)scores,and levels of glycated hemoglobin(HbA1C),triglycerides,high-and low-density lipoproteincholesterols,Summary of Diabetes Self-management Activities and Diabetes Specific Quality of Life assessments were recorded before and six months after intervention.Results:Baseline scores for all measurements did not differ between patients in the control and MI groups.Although MI resulted in a significant reduction of HbA1c and serum lipid levels compared with the baseline,the effect was not significantly different from the control intervention.However,the improvement in HOMA-IR scores was significantly greater in the MI group compared with the control intervention(2.8±2.8 vs.5.7±4.7;p=0.000).Moreover,MI significantly elevated diabetes self-management activities ratings compared with the control intervention(13.2±3.4 vs.10.9±4.3;p=0.004).Conclusion:Compared to routine diabetes education,MI is a more effective approach for improving HOMA-IR and self-management of T2DM patients with poor long-term glycemic control.
基金Financial support and sponsorship This study was supported by the grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 81170729 and No. 81200574）.
文摘INTRODUCTION Autoimmunity is defined as, a condition characterized by a specific humoral or cell-mediated immune response against the constituents of the body＇s own tissues （autoantigens）. In numerous autoimmune diseases, such an immune response is well recognized that causes damage to the self-constituents of body tissues by the products of the immune system. Graves＇ hyperthyroidism occurs after the loss of tolerance to the thyroid stimulating hormone receptor （TSHR） and the generation of thyroid stimulatory antibodies that mimic the action of thyroid-stimulating hormone （TSH）.
基金This study was supported by grants from National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFC1311500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.81670725 and No.81970679).
文摘Background::To date,there is only scare evidence characterizing the temporal features and progression of metabolic dysfunction in high-fat diet(HFD)-fed obese mice.Hence,its specific pathogenesis remains unclear.Methods::Sixty 6-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into HFD and control diet(CD)groups and sacrificed at 1,5,9,13,17,and 21 weeks,respectively.At weekly intervals,intraperitoneal glucose tolerance testing(IPGTT)and intraperitoneal insulin tolerance testing(IPITT)were performed in both groups.A detailed time course in HFD-fed mice was investigated by evaluating the initiation of glucose homeostasis impairment,dyslipidemia,systemic insulin sensitivity,monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1)levels,epididymal white adipose tissue(eWAT)expansion,macrophage content changes,proinflammatory(M1)/anti-inflammatory(M2)macrophage imbalance,lipid accumulation in the liver,andβ-cell morphometry in the pancreas.Results::In the HFD group,progressive weight gain and impairments in glucose metabolism(elevated fasting blood glucose and area under the curve(AUC)of IPGTT)were observed from the 3rd week,and a significantly elevated AUC of IPITT was first detected after week 7 of HFD feeding.As for dyslipidemia,after 9 weeks of feeding,the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level and total cholesterol level in HFD group were significantly higher than those in the CD group(all P<0.05),whereas no significant differences were shown in triglyceride level.Adipocyte size increased significantly in the HFD group in the 1st week,a phenotypic switch in eWAT from anti-inflammatory(M2)to pro-inflammatory(M1)macrophages was observed in the 5th week,and the metabolic inflammation was distinct in eWAT in the 9th week.Additionally,liver steatosis was considerably obvious at the 17th week and pancreaticβ-cell morphometry did not change during 21 weeks of HFD feeding.Conclusion::The eWAT expansion was detected early in HFD-induced obese mice,which occurred prior to obvious insulin resistance.
文摘Diabetes has become one of the largest public health problems to date. Decreased physical activity, overnutrition, and nutrition transitions caused by changes in lifestyle contribute to the increasing incidence of chronic metabolic diseases as well as deaths related to them. The shift from undernutrition to overnutrition indicates that chronic diseases of affluence have become a public health problem;hence, sustainable health-related goals have been developed for the prevention of these diseases. Environmental factors and the gut microbiota influence metabolism in the human body. Several studies have proven that lifestyle interventions can effectively deter the progression of diabetes in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance. If the window of prevention is shifted earlier, diabetes may become a fortuitous event. Effective prevention needs high attention from the government and the partici-pation of all citizens. Concrete scientific and reasonable measures also need to be developed by experts and scholars.
