Heat transfer and temperature evolution in overburden fracture and ground fissures are one of the essential topics for the identification of ground fissures via unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) infrared imager. In this st...Heat transfer and temperature evolution in overburden fracture and ground fissures are one of the essential topics for the identification of ground fissures via unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) infrared imager. In this study, discrete element software UDEC was employed to investigate the overburden fracture field under different mining conditions. Multiphysics software COMSOL were employed to investigate heat transfer and temperature evolution of overburden fracture and ground fissures under the influence of mining condition, fissure depth, fissure width, and month alternation. The UAV infrared field measurements also provided a calibration for numerical simulation. The results showed that for ground fissures connected to underground goaf(Fissure Ⅰ), the temperature difference increased with larger mining height and shallow buried depth. In addition, Fissure Ⅰ located in the boundary of the goaf have a greater temperature difference and is easier to be identified than fissures located above the mining goaf. For ground fissures having no connection to underground goaf(Fissure Ⅱ), the heat transfer is affected by the internal resistance of the overlying strata fracture when the depth of Fissure Ⅱ is greater than10 m, the temperature of Fissure Ⅱ gradually equals to the ground temperature as the fissures’ depth increases, and the fissures are difficult to be identified. The identification effect is most obvious for fissures larger than 16 cm under the same depth. In spring and summer, UAV infrared identification of mining fissures should be carried out during nighttime. This study provides the basis for the optimal time and season for the UAV infrared identification of different types of mining ground fissures.展开更多
Hydride precipitation in zirconium cladding materials can damage their integrity and durability.Service temperature and material defects have a significant effect on the dynamic growth of hydrides.In this study,we hav...Hydride precipitation in zirconium cladding materials can damage their integrity and durability.Service temperature and material defects have a significant effect on the dynamic growth of hydrides.In this study,we have developed a phasefield model based on the assumption of elastic behaviour within a specific temperature range(613 K-653 K).This model allows us to study the influence of temperature and interfacial effects on the morphology,stress,and average growth rate of zirconium hydride.The results suggest that changes in temperature and interfacial energy influence the length-to-thickness ratio and average growth rate of the hydride morphology.The ultimate determinant of hydride orientation is the loss of interfacial coherency,primarily induced by interfacial dislocation defects and quantifiable by the mismatch degree q.An escalation in interfacial coherency loss leads to a transition of hydride growth from horizontal to vertical,accompanied by the onset of redirection behaviour.Interestingly,redirection occurs at a critical mismatch level,denoted as qc,and remains unaffected by variations in temperature and interfacial energy.However,this redirection leads to an increase in the maximum stress,which may influence the direction of hydride crack propagation.This research highlights the importance of interfacial coherency and provides valuable insights into the morphology and growth kinetics of hydrides in zirconium alloys.展开更多
The boreal spring Antarctic Oscillation(AAO) has a significant impact on the spring and summer climate in China. This study evaluates the capability of the NCEP's Climate Forecast System, version 2(CFSv2), in pred...The boreal spring Antarctic Oscillation(AAO) has a significant impact on the spring and summer climate in China. This study evaluates the capability of the NCEP's Climate Forecast System, version 2(CFSv2), in predicting the boreal spring AAO for the period 1983–2015. The results indicate that CFSv2 has poor skill in predicting the spring AAO, failing to predict the zonally symmetric spatial pattern of the AAO, with an insignificant correlation of 0.02 between the predicted and observed AAO Index(AAOI). Considering the interannual increment approach can amplify the prediction signals, we firstly establish a dynamical–statistical model to improve the interannual increment of the AAOI(DY AAOI), with two predictors of CFSv2-forecasted concurrent spring sea surface temperatures and observed preceding autumn sea ice. This dynamical–statistical model demonstrates good capability in predicting DY AAOI, with a significant correlation coefficient of 0.58 between the observation and prediction during 1983–2015 in the two-year-out cross-validation. Then, we obtain an improved AAOI by adding the improved DY AAOI to the preceding observed AAOI. The improved AAOI shows a significant correlation coefficient of 0.45 with the observed AAOI during 1983–2015. Moreover, the unrealistic atmospheric response to March–April–May sea ice in CFSv2 may be the possible cause for the failure of CFSv2 to predict the AAO. This study gives new clues regarding AAO prediction and short-term climate prediction.展开更多
Metal halide perovskite solar cells(PSCs) have attracted extensive research interest for next-generation solution-processed photovoltaic devices because of their high solar-to-electric power conversion efficiency(PCE)...Metal halide perovskite solar cells(PSCs) have attracted extensive research interest for next-generation solution-processed photovoltaic devices because of their high solar-to-electric power conversion efficiency(PCE)and low fabrication cost. Although the world's best PSC successfully achieves a considerable PCE of over 20% within a very limited timeframe after intensive efforts, the stability, high cost, and up-scaling of PSCs still remain issues. Recently, inorganic perovskite material, CsPbBr_3, is emerging as a promising photo-sensitizer with excellent durability and thermal stability, but the efficiency is still embarrassing. In this work, we intend to address these issues by exploiting CsPbBr_3 as light absorber, accompanied by using Cu-phthalocyanine(CuPc) as hole transport material(HTM) and carbon as counter electrode. The optimal device acquires a decent PCE of 6.21%, over 60% higher than those of the HTM-free devices. The systematic characterization and analysis reveal a more effective charge transfer process and a suppressed charge recombination in PSCs after introducing CuPc as hole transfer layer. More importantly, our devices exhibit an outstanding durability and a promising thermal stability, making it rather meaningful in future fabrication and application of PSCs.展开更多
The carotenoid isomerase gene(BoaCRTISO)of Chinese kale was targeted and edited using the CRISPR/Cas9 system in the present study.The results showed a high mutation rate(81.25%),and 13 crtiso mutants were obtained.Onl...The carotenoid isomerase gene(BoaCRTISO)of Chinese kale was targeted and edited using the CRISPR/Cas9 system in the present study.The results showed a high mutation rate(81.25%),and 13 crtiso mutants were obtained.Only two types of mutations,insertions and replacements,were found.Both the total and individual carotenoid and chlorophyll concentrations of the biallelic and homozygous mutants were reduced,and the total levels declined by 11.89–36.33%.The color of the biallelic and homozygous mutants changed from green to yellow,likely reflecting a reduction in the color-masking effect of chlorophyll on carotenoids.The expression levels of most carotenoid and chlorophyll biosynthesis-related genes,including CRTISO,were notably lower in the mutants than in the WT plants.In addition,the functional differences between members of this gene family were discussed.In summary,these findings indicate that CRISPR/Cas9 is a promising technique for the quality improvement of Chinese kale and other Brassica vegetables.展开更多
Xin’anbian Oilfield of the Ordos Basin is the large tight oilfield to be first exploration discovery in china.The production of tight oil increased significantly in recent years.It shows great exploration potential o...Xin’anbian Oilfield of the Ordos Basin is the large tight oilfield to be first exploration discovery in china.The production of tight oil increased significantly in recent years.It shows great exploration potential of Chang 7 tight oil.But the physical property and hydrocarbon enrichment characteristics of Chang 7 tight oil reservoirs were rarely studied,The forming conditions of tight oil reservoirs are systematically summarized and analyzed through the study of hydrocarbon generation,sedimentary reservoirs and hydrocarbon migration and accumulation based on production and core experimental data.The result shows that,The porosity of the Chang 7_(2)reservoir mainly distributed in 5.0-11.0%,average at 7.9%,The permeability mainly distributed in 0.04-0.18×10^(-3)μm^(2),average at 0.12×10^(-3)μm^(2),The pore diameters of the tight oil reservoir distributed in 2-8μm.The high-quality Chang 7_(3)source rocks and the micropsammite of Chang 7_(2)subaqueous distributary channel were widely distributed in the study area.The lenticular or banded sand bodies are distributed among mudstone or hydrocarbon source rocks and have the advantage of migration distance for hydrocarbon accumulation.The reservoir space is composed of micro-nanometer pores and throat,that is formed in the process of increasing pressure during hydrocarbon generation and hydrocarbon accumulation.The Chang 7 tight oil was generated in the early Cretaceous and injected into the sand of the subaqueous distributary channel driven by continuous hydrocarbon generation supercharging.The formation and accumulation of tight oil reservoirs are mainly controlled by source rocks,sedimentary microfacies and reservoirs of good quality.展开更多
BACKGROUND Term pregnancy-induced labor refers to the use of artificial methods to induce uterine contractions and terminate pregnancy after 37 wk.It is a common method to prevent overdue pregnancy and to deal with hi...BACKGROUND Term pregnancy-induced labor refers to the use of artificial methods to induce uterine contractions and terminate pregnancy after 37 wk.It is a common method to prevent overdue pregnancy and to deal with high-risk pregnancies.In addition,it can alleviate maternal complications and cause the fetus to leave the adverse intrauterine environment early,which is beneficial to the outcome of pregnancy.AIM To explore the effect of a birthing ball on labor by inducing cervical ripening and its influence on labor and the neonatal blood gas index.METHODS Twenty-two women who were scheduled to undergo labor induction and delivery in the obstetrics department of our hospital were randomly divided into two groups:the delivery ball group(childbirth ball combined with COOK balloon induction)and the conventional group(COOK balloon induction alone).The cervical Bishop score before and after intervention,duration of labor at each stage,mode of delivery,neonatal umbilical venous blood pH,oxygen partial pressure(PO_(2)),carbon dioxide partial pressure(PCO_(2)),and the 1-min Apgar score were recorded.RESULTS After the intervention,the cervical Bishop score of the delivery ball group(7.84±1.52)was significantly higher than that of the conventional group(7.32±1.29)(P<0.05),and the cervical Bishop scores of the two groups after intervention were significantly higher than those before intervention(P<0.05).After the intervention,the first stage of labor(510.9±98.7 min),the second stage of labor(43.0±8.5 min),and the total duration of labor(560.0±120.9 min)in the delivery ball group were lower than those in the routine group,with a first stage of labor of 602.1±133.2 min,a second stage of labor of 48.4±9.1 min,and a total duration of labor of 656.8±148.5 min(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the time of the third stage of labor between the two groups(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the pH,PO_(2),and PCO_(2) values of newborns between the delivery ball group and the conventional group(P>0.05).The 1-min Apgar score of the delivery ball group was higher than that of the conventional group(9.10±0.38 points vs 8.94±0.31 points,P<0.05).The natural delivery rate of the delivery ball group was higher than that of the conventional group(91.00%vs 78.00%,P<0.05).CONCLUSION The use of a birthing ball combined with a COOK balloon for inducing labor has a better effect on promoting cervical ripening,shortening the time of labor,and improving the Apgar score of newborns.展开更多
Soy whey(SW)is generated as process waste while preparing soy protein isolates(SPI),and causing severe environmental pollution.Therefore,its value-added utilization is of prime importance for transforming and upgradin...Soy whey(SW)is generated as process waste while preparing soy protein isolates(SPI),and causing severe environmental pollution.Therefore,its value-added utilization is of prime importance for transforming and upgrading traditional industry.This study aims to utilize SW as a substrate for the growth of probiotics and produce a SW based synbiotics.By a series of trials,the effect of the dietary supplementation with this fermented SW(FSW)was analyzed on ICR mice's body weight,metabolites,and intestinal microbiota in 4 weeks.The results showed that,when SW was concentrated 15 times,the count of viable Lactobacillus casei reached 3.4×10^(9) CFU/mL by liquid fermentation method,which was the highest viable cell count among all test strains.In this FSW,the protein,amino acid,total dietary fibre,soluble dietary fibre,and oligosaccharide were 2.10%,1.63%,0.52%,0.51% and 0.79%,respectively.Compared to two control group,the total yields of the short chain fatty acids(SCFAs)were significantly improved(75%-125% at average),while the SCFAs structure was also significantly changed(especially acetic acid and butyrate)in the faeces of mice fed FSW.Meanwhile,FSW dietary addition was associated with the diversity and richness of the intestinal microbiota.Obviously,with mice's body weight loss,Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio reduced accordingly(<1.21),and the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila was significantly increased(the maximum amount was about 0.013%).In summary,our results indicated that the dietary supplementation of FSW affected mice's intestinal microbiota and metabolism and improved their health profile.展开更多
Stimuli-triggered drug delivery systems hold vast promise in local infection treatment for the site-specific targeting and shuttling of drugs.Herein,chitosan conjugates(SPCS)installed with sialic acid(SA)and phenylbor...Stimuli-triggered drug delivery systems hold vast promise in local infection treatment for the site-specific targeting and shuttling of drugs.Herein,chitosan conjugates(SPCS)installed with sialic acid(SA)and phenylboronic acid(PBA)were synthesized,of which SA served as targeting ligand for coccidium and reversible-binding bridge for PBA.The enhanced drug-loading capacity of SPCS micelles was attributed to a combination assembly from hydrophobicity-driving and reversible borate bridges.The drug-loaded SPCS micelles shared superior biostability in upper gastrointestinal tract.After reaching the lesions,the borate bridges were snipped by carbohydrates under a higher pH followed by accelerated drug release,while SA exposure on micellar surface facilitated drug cellular internalization to eliminate parasites inside.The drugmicelles revealed an enhanced anti-coccidial capacity with a higher index of 185.72 compared with commercial preparation.The dual-responsive combination of physicochemical assembly could provide an efficient strategy for the exploitation of stable,safe and flexible anti-infectious drug delivery systems.展开更多
Introducing heteroatoms and defects is a significant strategy to improve oxygen evolution reaction(OER)performance of electrocatalysts.However,the synergistic interaction of the heteroatom and defect still needs furth...Introducing heteroatoms and defects is a significant strategy to improve oxygen evolution reaction(OER)performance of electrocatalysts.However,the synergistic interaction of the heteroatom and defect still needs further investigations.Herein,we demonstrated an oxygen vacancy-rich vanadium-doped Co_(3)O_(4)(V-Ov-Co_(3)O_(4)),fabricated by V-ion implantation,could be used for high-efficient OER catalysis.X-ray photoelectron spectra(XPS)and density functional theory(DFT)calculations show that the charge density of Co atom increased,and the reaction barrier of reaction pathway from O∗to HOO∗decreased.V-Ov-Co_(3)O_(4) catalyst shows a low overpotential of 329 mV to maintain current density of 10 mA·cm^(−2),and a small Tafel slope of 74.5 mV·dec^(−1).This modification provides us with valuable perception for future design of heteroatom-doped and defect-based electrocatalysts.展开更多
In this paper, several existence results of multiple positive solutions are obtained for a boundary value problem with p-Laplacian, by applying a fixed point theorem in cones. The interesting point is that the nonline...In this paper, several existence results of multiple positive solutions are obtained for a boundary value problem with p-Laplacian, by applying a fixed point theorem in cones. The interesting point is that the nonlinear term f is involved with the first-order derivative explicitly.展开更多
In this paper, by applying a fixed point theorem to verify the existence of at least three positive solutions to a three-point boundary value problem with p-Laplacian. The interesting point is the nonlinear term is in...In this paper, by applying a fixed point theorem to verify the existence of at least three positive solutions to a three-point boundary value problem with p-Laplacian. The interesting point is the nonlinear term is involved with the first-order derivative explicitly.展开更多
Due to the high inherent uncertainty of renewable energy,probabilistic day-ahead wind power forecasting is crucial for modeling and controlling the uncertainty of renewable energy smart grids in smart cities.However,t...Due to the high inherent uncertainty of renewable energy,probabilistic day-ahead wind power forecasting is crucial for modeling and controlling the uncertainty of renewable energy smart grids in smart cities.However,the accuracy and reliability of high-resolution day-ahead wind power forecasting are constrained by unreliable local weather prediction and incomplete power generation data.This article proposes a physics-informed artificial intelligence(AI)surrogates method to augment the incomplete dataset and quantify its uncertainty to improve wind power forecasting performance.The incomplete dataset,built with numerical weather prediction data,historical wind power generation,and weather factors data,is augmented based on generative adversarial networks.After augmentation,the enriched data is then fed into a multiple AI surrogates model constructed by two extreme learning machine networks to train the forecasting model for wind power.Therefore,the forecasting models’accuracy and generalization ability are improved by mining the implicit physics information from the incomplete dataset.An incomplete dataset gathered from a wind farm in North China,containing only 15 days of weather and wind power generation data withmissing points caused by occasional shutdowns,is utilized to verify the proposed method’s performance.Compared with other probabilistic forecastingmethods,the proposed method shows better accuracy and probabilistic performance on the same incomplete dataset,which highlights its potential for more flexible and sensitive maintenance of smart grids in smart cities.展开更多
We devise a color image encryption scheme via combining hyperchaotic map,cross-plane operation and gene theory.First,the hyperchaotic map used in the encryption scheme is analyzed and studied.On the basis of the dynam...We devise a color image encryption scheme via combining hyperchaotic map,cross-plane operation and gene theory.First,the hyperchaotic map used in the encryption scheme is analyzed and studied.On the basis of the dynamics of hyperchaotic map,a color image encryption scheme is designed.At the end of the encryption process,a DNA mutation operation is used to increase the encoding images’randomness and to improve the encryption algorithm’s security.Finally,simulation experiments,performance analysis,and attack tests are performed to prove the effectiveness and security of the designed algorithm.This work provides the possibility of applying chaos theory and gene theory in image encryption.展开更多
Lattice parameters are a basic quantity in material characterization,and a slight alteration in lattice parameters directly affects the properties of materials.However,there are still considerable controversies as to ...Lattice parameters are a basic quantity in material characterization,and a slight alteration in lattice parameters directly affects the properties of materials.However,there are still considerable controversies as to whether lattice expansion or contraction occurs in metallic nanomaterials with size reduction.Here,the size dependences of the lattice parameter and surface free energy of clean Cu(100)films are investigated via simulations.Lattice parameters of the exposed surfaces contract,whereas lattice expansion occurs along the direction perpendicular to the surfaces with decreasing film thicknesses.This is striking since the metallic bonds usually lack strong directionality,and it is always regarded that the lattice variations in all directions are consistent.The contraction parallel to the surface is more severe than the expansion perpendicular to the surface in films.The lattices change from cubic to tetragonal with decreasing film thickness.Consequently,common contractions and occasional expansions of the lattice parameters of Cu nanoparticles have been observed in previous experiments.Increasing free energy and surface free energy with decreasing thicknesses is the thermodynamic origin of the lattice variations.Our study therefore provides a comprehensive physical basis for the surface effects on the lattice variations.展开更多
Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts(CAFs)are the main cellular components of the tumor microenvironment and promote cancer progression by modifying the extracellular matrix(ECM).The tumor-associated ECM is characterized ...Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts(CAFs)are the main cellular components of the tumor microenvironment and promote cancer progression by modifying the extracellular matrix(ECM).The tumor-associated ECM is characterized by collagen crosslinking catalyzed by lysyl oxidase(LOX).Small extracellular vesicles(sEVs)mediate cell-cell communication.However,the interactions between sEVs and the ECM remain unclear.Here,we demonstrated that sEVs released from oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)-derived CAFs induce collagen crosslinking,thereby promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT).CAF sEVs preferably bound to the ECM rather than being taken up by fibroblasts and induced collagen crosslinking,and a LOX inhibitor or blocking antibody suppressed this effect.Active LOX(αLOX),but not the LOX precursor,was enriched in CAF sEVs and interacted with periostin,fibronectin,and bone morphogenetic protein-1 on the surface of sEVs.CAF sEV-associated integrinα2β1 mediated the binding of CAF sEVs to collagen I,and blocking integrinα2β1 inhibited collagen crosslinking by interfering with CAF sEV binding to collagen I.CAF sEV-induced collagen crosslinking promoted the EMT of OSCC through FAK/paxillin/YAP pathway.Taken together,these findings reveal a novel role of CAF sEVs in tumor ECM remodeling,suggesting a critical mechanism for CAF-induced EMT of cancer cells.展开更多
BACKGROUND Massive intragastric clotting(MIC) makes endoscopic therapy difficult in patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Literature data on how to address this problem are limited. Here, we report on a...BACKGROUND Massive intragastric clotting(MIC) makes endoscopic therapy difficult in patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Literature data on how to address this problem are limited. Here, we report on a case of massive stomach bleeding with MIC that was successfully treated endoscopically using an overtube of singleballoon enteroscopy.CASE SUMMARY A 62-year-old gentleman with metastatic lung cancer was admitted to the intensive care unit due to tarry stools and hematemesis of 1500 mL of blood during hospitalization. Emergent esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed massive blood clots and fresh blood in the stomach with evidence of active bleeding.Bleeding sites could not be observed even by changing the patient’s position and aggressive endoscope suction. The MIC was successfully removed using an overtube connected with a suction pipe, which was inserted into the stomach with an overtube of a single-balloon enteroscope. An ultrathin gastroscope was also introduced through the nose into the stomach to guide the suction. A massive blood clot was successfully removed, and an ulcer with oozing bleeding at the inferior lesser curvature of the upper gastric body was revealed, facilitating endoscopic hemostatic therapy.CONCLUSION This technique appears to be a previously unreported method to suction MIC out of the stomach in patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding. This technique could be considered when other methods are not available or if they fail to remove massive blood clots in the stomach.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52225402 and U1910206).
文摘Heat transfer and temperature evolution in overburden fracture and ground fissures are one of the essential topics for the identification of ground fissures via unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) infrared imager. In this study, discrete element software UDEC was employed to investigate the overburden fracture field under different mining conditions. Multiphysics software COMSOL were employed to investigate heat transfer and temperature evolution of overburden fracture and ground fissures under the influence of mining condition, fissure depth, fissure width, and month alternation. The UAV infrared field measurements also provided a calibration for numerical simulation. The results showed that for ground fissures connected to underground goaf(Fissure Ⅰ), the temperature difference increased with larger mining height and shallow buried depth. In addition, Fissure Ⅰ located in the boundary of the goaf have a greater temperature difference and is easier to be identified than fissures located above the mining goaf. For ground fissures having no connection to underground goaf(Fissure Ⅱ), the heat transfer is affected by the internal resistance of the overlying strata fracture when the depth of Fissure Ⅱ is greater than10 m, the temperature of Fissure Ⅱ gradually equals to the ground temperature as the fissures’ depth increases, and the fissures are difficult to be identified. The identification effect is most obvious for fissures larger than 16 cm under the same depth. In spring and summer, UAV infrared identification of mining fissures should be carried out during nighttime. This study provides the basis for the optimal time and season for the UAV infrared identification of different types of mining ground fissures.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.U2230401,U1930401,and 12004048)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2021YFB3501503)+1 种基金the Science Challenge Project (Grant No.TZ2018002)the Foundation of LCP。
文摘Hydride precipitation in zirconium cladding materials can damage their integrity and durability.Service temperature and material defects have a significant effect on the dynamic growth of hydrides.In this study,we have developed a phasefield model based on the assumption of elastic behaviour within a specific temperature range(613 K-653 K).This model allows us to study the influence of temperature and interfacial effects on the morphology,stress,and average growth rate of zirconium hydride.The results suggest that changes in temperature and interfacial energy influence the length-to-thickness ratio and average growth rate of the hydride morphology.The ultimate determinant of hydride orientation is the loss of interfacial coherency,primarily induced by interfacial dislocation defects and quantifiable by the mismatch degree q.An escalation in interfacial coherency loss leads to a transition of hydride growth from horizontal to vertical,accompanied by the onset of redirection behaviour.Interestingly,redirection occurs at a critical mismatch level,denoted as qc,and remains unaffected by variations in temperature and interfacial energy.However,this redirection leads to an increase in the maximum stress,which may influence the direction of hydride crack propagation.This research highlights the importance of interfacial coherency and provides valuable insights into the morphology and growth kinetics of hydrides in zirconium alloys.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFA0600703)the funding of the Jiangsu Innovation & Entrepreneurship Team and the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
文摘The boreal spring Antarctic Oscillation(AAO) has a significant impact on the spring and summer climate in China. This study evaluates the capability of the NCEP's Climate Forecast System, version 2(CFSv2), in predicting the boreal spring AAO for the period 1983–2015. The results indicate that CFSv2 has poor skill in predicting the spring AAO, failing to predict the zonally symmetric spatial pattern of the AAO, with an insignificant correlation of 0.02 between the predicted and observed AAO Index(AAOI). Considering the interannual increment approach can amplify the prediction signals, we firstly establish a dynamical–statistical model to improve the interannual increment of the AAOI(DY AAOI), with two predictors of CFSv2-forecasted concurrent spring sea surface temperatures and observed preceding autumn sea ice. This dynamical–statistical model demonstrates good capability in predicting DY AAOI, with a significant correlation coefficient of 0.58 between the observation and prediction during 1983–2015 in the two-year-out cross-validation. Then, we obtain an improved AAOI by adding the improved DY AAOI to the preceding observed AAOI. The improved AAOI shows a significant correlation coefficient of 0.45 with the observed AAOI during 1983–2015. Moreover, the unrealistic atmospheric response to March–April–May sea ice in CFSv2 may be the possible cause for the failure of CFSv2 to predict the AAO. This study gives new clues regarding AAO prediction and short-term climate prediction.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51675210 and 51675209)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2016M602283)
文摘Metal halide perovskite solar cells(PSCs) have attracted extensive research interest for next-generation solution-processed photovoltaic devices because of their high solar-to-electric power conversion efficiency(PCE)and low fabrication cost. Although the world's best PSC successfully achieves a considerable PCE of over 20% within a very limited timeframe after intensive efforts, the stability, high cost, and up-scaling of PSCs still remain issues. Recently, inorganic perovskite material, CsPbBr_3, is emerging as a promising photo-sensitizer with excellent durability and thermal stability, but the efficiency is still embarrassing. In this work, we intend to address these issues by exploiting CsPbBr_3 as light absorber, accompanied by using Cu-phthalocyanine(CuPc) as hole transport material(HTM) and carbon as counter electrode. The optimal device acquires a decent PCE of 6.21%, over 60% higher than those of the HTM-free devices. The systematic characterization and analysis reveal a more effective charge transfer process and a suppressed charge recombination in PSCs after introducing CuPc as hole transfer layer. More importantly, our devices exhibit an outstanding durability and a promising thermal stability, making it rather meaningful in future fabrication and application of PSCs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31500247),the Ministry of Agriculture of China(2016ZX08009003-001)the Technology Innovation Program of Zhejiang Province(ZJWR0102001)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2018NZ0081).
文摘The carotenoid isomerase gene(BoaCRTISO)of Chinese kale was targeted and edited using the CRISPR/Cas9 system in the present study.The results showed a high mutation rate(81.25%),and 13 crtiso mutants were obtained.Only two types of mutations,insertions and replacements,were found.Both the total and individual carotenoid and chlorophyll concentrations of the biallelic and homozygous mutants were reduced,and the total levels declined by 11.89–36.33%.The color of the biallelic and homozygous mutants changed from green to yellow,likely reflecting a reduction in the color-masking effect of chlorophyll on carotenoids.The expression levels of most carotenoid and chlorophyll biosynthesis-related genes,including CRTISO,were notably lower in the mutants than in the WT plants.In addition,the functional differences between members of this gene family were discussed.In summary,these findings indicate that CRISPR/Cas9 is a promising technique for the quality improvement of Chinese kale and other Brassica vegetables.
基金financially supported by the Chinese National Special Plan Project"Formation conditions,enrichment regularity and resource potential of tight oil”(No.2016ZX05046-001)。
文摘Xin’anbian Oilfield of the Ordos Basin is the large tight oilfield to be first exploration discovery in china.The production of tight oil increased significantly in recent years.It shows great exploration potential of Chang 7 tight oil.But the physical property and hydrocarbon enrichment characteristics of Chang 7 tight oil reservoirs were rarely studied,The forming conditions of tight oil reservoirs are systematically summarized and analyzed through the study of hydrocarbon generation,sedimentary reservoirs and hydrocarbon migration and accumulation based on production and core experimental data.The result shows that,The porosity of the Chang 7_(2)reservoir mainly distributed in 5.0-11.0%,average at 7.9%,The permeability mainly distributed in 0.04-0.18×10^(-3)μm^(2),average at 0.12×10^(-3)μm^(2),The pore diameters of the tight oil reservoir distributed in 2-8μm.The high-quality Chang 7_(3)source rocks and the micropsammite of Chang 7_(2)subaqueous distributary channel were widely distributed in the study area.The lenticular or banded sand bodies are distributed among mudstone or hydrocarbon source rocks and have the advantage of migration distance for hydrocarbon accumulation.The reservoir space is composed of micro-nanometer pores and throat,that is formed in the process of increasing pressure during hydrocarbon generation and hydrocarbon accumulation.The Chang 7 tight oil was generated in the early Cretaceous and injected into the sand of the subaqueous distributary channel driven by continuous hydrocarbon generation supercharging.The formation and accumulation of tight oil reservoirs are mainly controlled by source rocks,sedimentary microfacies and reservoirs of good quality.
基金Science and Technology Project of Municipal Health Commission of Lianyungang,No.QN202010.
文摘BACKGROUND Term pregnancy-induced labor refers to the use of artificial methods to induce uterine contractions and terminate pregnancy after 37 wk.It is a common method to prevent overdue pregnancy and to deal with high-risk pregnancies.In addition,it can alleviate maternal complications and cause the fetus to leave the adverse intrauterine environment early,which is beneficial to the outcome of pregnancy.AIM To explore the effect of a birthing ball on labor by inducing cervical ripening and its influence on labor and the neonatal blood gas index.METHODS Twenty-two women who were scheduled to undergo labor induction and delivery in the obstetrics department of our hospital were randomly divided into two groups:the delivery ball group(childbirth ball combined with COOK balloon induction)and the conventional group(COOK balloon induction alone).The cervical Bishop score before and after intervention,duration of labor at each stage,mode of delivery,neonatal umbilical venous blood pH,oxygen partial pressure(PO_(2)),carbon dioxide partial pressure(PCO_(2)),and the 1-min Apgar score were recorded.RESULTS After the intervention,the cervical Bishop score of the delivery ball group(7.84±1.52)was significantly higher than that of the conventional group(7.32±1.29)(P<0.05),and the cervical Bishop scores of the two groups after intervention were significantly higher than those before intervention(P<0.05).After the intervention,the first stage of labor(510.9±98.7 min),the second stage of labor(43.0±8.5 min),and the total duration of labor(560.0±120.9 min)in the delivery ball group were lower than those in the routine group,with a first stage of labor of 602.1±133.2 min,a second stage of labor of 48.4±9.1 min,and a total duration of labor of 656.8±148.5 min(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the time of the third stage of labor between the two groups(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the pH,PO_(2),and PCO_(2) values of newborns between the delivery ball group and the conventional group(P>0.05).The 1-min Apgar score of the delivery ball group was higher than that of the conventional group(9.10±0.38 points vs 8.94±0.31 points,P<0.05).The natural delivery rate of the delivery ball group was higher than that of the conventional group(91.00%vs 78.00%,P<0.05).CONCLUSION The use of a birthing ball combined with a COOK balloon for inducing labor has a better effect on promoting cervical ripening,shortening the time of labor,and improving the Apgar score of newborns.
文摘Soy whey(SW)is generated as process waste while preparing soy protein isolates(SPI),and causing severe environmental pollution.Therefore,its value-added utilization is of prime importance for transforming and upgrading traditional industry.This study aims to utilize SW as a substrate for the growth of probiotics and produce a SW based synbiotics.By a series of trials,the effect of the dietary supplementation with this fermented SW(FSW)was analyzed on ICR mice's body weight,metabolites,and intestinal microbiota in 4 weeks.The results showed that,when SW was concentrated 15 times,the count of viable Lactobacillus casei reached 3.4×10^(9) CFU/mL by liquid fermentation method,which was the highest viable cell count among all test strains.In this FSW,the protein,amino acid,total dietary fibre,soluble dietary fibre,and oligosaccharide were 2.10%,1.63%,0.52%,0.51% and 0.79%,respectively.Compared to two control group,the total yields of the short chain fatty acids(SCFAs)were significantly improved(75%-125% at average),while the SCFAs structure was also significantly changed(especially acetic acid and butyrate)in the faeces of mice fed FSW.Meanwhile,FSW dietary addition was associated with the diversity and richness of the intestinal microbiota.Obviously,with mice's body weight loss,Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio reduced accordingly(<1.21),and the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila was significantly increased(the maximum amount was about 0.013%).In summary,our results indicated that the dietary supplementation of FSW affected mice's intestinal microbiota and metabolism and improved their health profile.
基金financial support from National Key Research and Development Program(2017YFD0501403)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81872819)+4 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20171390)supported by Double First-Rate construction plan of China Pharmaceutical University(CPU2018GY26)the Project of State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines,China Pharmaceutical University(No.SKLNMZZCX201816)the National Science and Technology Major Project(2017ZX09101001)the financial support from Development Funds for Priority Academic Programs in Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions-Young Talent Program。
文摘Stimuli-triggered drug delivery systems hold vast promise in local infection treatment for the site-specific targeting and shuttling of drugs.Herein,chitosan conjugates(SPCS)installed with sialic acid(SA)and phenylboronic acid(PBA)were synthesized,of which SA served as targeting ligand for coccidium and reversible-binding bridge for PBA.The enhanced drug-loading capacity of SPCS micelles was attributed to a combination assembly from hydrophobicity-driving and reversible borate bridges.The drug-loaded SPCS micelles shared superior biostability in upper gastrointestinal tract.After reaching the lesions,the borate bridges were snipped by carbohydrates under a higher pH followed by accelerated drug release,while SA exposure on micellar surface facilitated drug cellular internalization to eliminate parasites inside.The drugmicelles revealed an enhanced anti-coccidial capacity with a higher index of 185.72 compared with commercial preparation.The dual-responsive combination of physicochemical assembly could provide an efficient strategy for the exploitation of stable,safe and flexible anti-infectious drug delivery systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12025503,U1867215,and U1932134)Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.2019CFA036)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(Grant No.2042020kf0211)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2020M682429)。
文摘Introducing heteroatoms and defects is a significant strategy to improve oxygen evolution reaction(OER)performance of electrocatalysts.However,the synergistic interaction of the heteroatom and defect still needs further investigations.Herein,we demonstrated an oxygen vacancy-rich vanadium-doped Co_(3)O_(4)(V-Ov-Co_(3)O_(4)),fabricated by V-ion implantation,could be used for high-efficient OER catalysis.X-ray photoelectron spectra(XPS)and density functional theory(DFT)calculations show that the charge density of Co atom increased,and the reaction barrier of reaction pathway from O∗to HOO∗decreased.V-Ov-Co_(3)O_(4) catalyst shows a low overpotential of 329 mV to maintain current density of 10 mA·cm^(−2),and a small Tafel slope of 74.5 mV·dec^(−1).This modification provides us with valuable perception for future design of heteroatom-doped and defect-based electrocatalysts.
文摘In this paper, several existence results of multiple positive solutions are obtained for a boundary value problem with p-Laplacian, by applying a fixed point theorem in cones. The interesting point is that the nonlinear term f is involved with the first-order derivative explicitly.
文摘In this paper, by applying a fixed point theorem to verify the existence of at least three positive solutions to a three-point boundary value problem with p-Laplacian. The interesting point is the nonlinear term is involved with the first-order derivative explicitly.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62273022.
文摘Due to the high inherent uncertainty of renewable energy,probabilistic day-ahead wind power forecasting is crucial for modeling and controlling the uncertainty of renewable energy smart grids in smart cities.However,the accuracy and reliability of high-resolution day-ahead wind power forecasting are constrained by unreliable local weather prediction and incomplete power generation data.This article proposes a physics-informed artificial intelligence(AI)surrogates method to augment the incomplete dataset and quantify its uncertainty to improve wind power forecasting performance.The incomplete dataset,built with numerical weather prediction data,historical wind power generation,and weather factors data,is augmented based on generative adversarial networks.After augmentation,the enriched data is then fed into a multiple AI surrogates model constructed by two extreme learning machine networks to train the forecasting model for wind power.Therefore,the forecasting models’accuracy and generalization ability are improved by mining the implicit physics information from the incomplete dataset.An incomplete dataset gathered from a wind farm in North China,containing only 15 days of weather and wind power generation data withmissing points caused by occasional shutdowns,is utilized to verify the proposed method’s performance.Compared with other probabilistic forecastingmethods,the proposed method shows better accuracy and probabilistic performance on the same incomplete dataset,which highlights its potential for more flexible and sensitive maintenance of smart grids in smart cities.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62061014)the Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning(Grant No.2020-MS-274)the Basic Scientific Research Projects of Colleges and Universities of Liaoning Province,China(Grant No.LJKZ0545).
文摘We devise a color image encryption scheme via combining hyperchaotic map,cross-plane operation and gene theory.First,the hyperchaotic map used in the encryption scheme is analyzed and studied.On the basis of the dynamics of hyperchaotic map,a color image encryption scheme is designed.At the end of the encryption process,a DNA mutation operation is used to increase the encoding images’randomness and to improve the encryption algorithm’s security.Finally,simulation experiments,performance analysis,and attack tests are performed to prove the effectiveness and security of the designed algorithm.This work provides the possibility of applying chaos theory and gene theory in image encryption.
基金the fellowship of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2021T140073)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.5210011290)+1 种基金the Science Challenge Project of China(Grant No.TZ2018002)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2016YFB0201204).
文摘Lattice parameters are a basic quantity in material characterization,and a slight alteration in lattice parameters directly affects the properties of materials.However,there are still considerable controversies as to whether lattice expansion or contraction occurs in metallic nanomaterials with size reduction.Here,the size dependences of the lattice parameter and surface free energy of clean Cu(100)films are investigated via simulations.Lattice parameters of the exposed surfaces contract,whereas lattice expansion occurs along the direction perpendicular to the surfaces with decreasing film thicknesses.This is striking since the metallic bonds usually lack strong directionality,and it is always regarded that the lattice variations in all directions are consistent.The contraction parallel to the surface is more severe than the expansion perpendicular to the surface in films.The lattices change from cubic to tetragonal with decreasing film thickness.Consequently,common contractions and occasional expansions of the lattice parameters of Cu nanoparticles have been observed in previous experiments.Increasing free energy and surface free energy with decreasing thicknesses is the thermodynamic origin of the lattice variations.Our study therefore provides a comprehensive physical basis for the surface effects on the lattice variations.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82073001 and 82103423)Shanghai Natural Science Foundation(23ZR1454800)Scientific Research Foundation for the Introduction of Talent in Shanghai Stomatological Hospital(SSDC-2021-RC01).
文摘Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts(CAFs)are the main cellular components of the tumor microenvironment and promote cancer progression by modifying the extracellular matrix(ECM).The tumor-associated ECM is characterized by collagen crosslinking catalyzed by lysyl oxidase(LOX).Small extracellular vesicles(sEVs)mediate cell-cell communication.However,the interactions between sEVs and the ECM remain unclear.Here,we demonstrated that sEVs released from oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)-derived CAFs induce collagen crosslinking,thereby promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT).CAF sEVs preferably bound to the ECM rather than being taken up by fibroblasts and induced collagen crosslinking,and a LOX inhibitor or blocking antibody suppressed this effect.Active LOX(αLOX),but not the LOX precursor,was enriched in CAF sEVs and interacted with periostin,fibronectin,and bone morphogenetic protein-1 on the surface of sEVs.CAF sEV-associated integrinα2β1 mediated the binding of CAF sEVs to collagen I,and blocking integrinα2β1 inhibited collagen crosslinking by interfering with CAF sEV binding to collagen I.CAF sEV-induced collagen crosslinking promoted the EMT of OSCC through FAK/paxillin/YAP pathway.Taken together,these findings reveal a novel role of CAF sEVs in tumor ECM remodeling,suggesting a critical mechanism for CAF-induced EMT of cancer cells.
基金Supported by Natural Youth Science Foundation of China,No.82104743Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Innovation Project,No KY2056.
文摘BACKGROUND Massive intragastric clotting(MIC) makes endoscopic therapy difficult in patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Literature data on how to address this problem are limited. Here, we report on a case of massive stomach bleeding with MIC that was successfully treated endoscopically using an overtube of singleballoon enteroscopy.CASE SUMMARY A 62-year-old gentleman with metastatic lung cancer was admitted to the intensive care unit due to tarry stools and hematemesis of 1500 mL of blood during hospitalization. Emergent esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed massive blood clots and fresh blood in the stomach with evidence of active bleeding.Bleeding sites could not be observed even by changing the patient’s position and aggressive endoscope suction. The MIC was successfully removed using an overtube connected with a suction pipe, which was inserted into the stomach with an overtube of a single-balloon enteroscope. An ultrathin gastroscope was also introduced through the nose into the stomach to guide the suction. A massive blood clot was successfully removed, and an ulcer with oozing bleeding at the inferior lesser curvature of the upper gastric body was revealed, facilitating endoscopic hemostatic therapy.CONCLUSION This technique appears to be a previously unreported method to suction MIC out of the stomach in patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding. This technique could be considered when other methods are not available or if they fail to remove massive blood clots in the stomach.
