目的探讨中-重症急性胰腺炎早期(发病7 d内)超声引导下经皮穿刺引流(percutaneous catheter drainage,PCD)盆腔游离积液的可行性及其对病情进展和预后的影响。方法回顾分析2014年4月至2017年12月上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院急诊科...目的探讨中-重症急性胰腺炎早期(发病7 d内)超声引导下经皮穿刺引流(percutaneous catheter drainage,PCD)盆腔游离积液的可行性及其对病情进展和预后的影响。方法回顾分析2014年4月至2017年12月上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院急诊科与重症医学科收治的伴有早期盆腔积液的中-重症急性胰腺炎患者,进行盆腔PCD的归为早期PCD组(n=31),未进行盆腔PCD的归为未PCD组(n=60),对比分析两组病情进展情况、后期并发症发生率和预后情况等。结果早期PCD组平均引流量为(1561.3±776.7)mL,平均留管时间为(5.1±1.3)d,引流液微生物培养均为阴性,未出现任何并发症。早期PCD组比未PCD组:腹腔内高压缓解时间[(4.5±2.9)d vs (5.6±2.2)d]、平均机械通气时间[(7.5±6.6)d vs (11.4±5.7d)]和半量肠内营养(EN)达标时间[(6.7±3.8)d vs (8.4±4.2)d]均显著短于未PCD组(P<0.05);早期PCD组后期进行胰周PCD(22.6%vs 35.1%)、继发感染(22.6%vs 41.7%)及清创手术率(19.4%vs 38.3%)均低于未PCD组,但无统计学差异(P>0.05);早期PCD组后期多部位/区域PCD的发生率显著低于未PCD组(3.2%vs 20.0%,P<0.05);出院时(非手术患者)>100 mL包裹性坏死/积液区域数量显著低于未PCD组[(1.68±0.84) vs (2.36±1.42),P<0.05);此外,早期PCD组住ICU时间[(20.48±20.63)d vs (25.76±26.21)d]和总住院时间[(36.58±23.44)d vs (41.43±28.26)d]以及总死亡率都低于未PCD组,但缺乏统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论在技术支持和强化导管管理的前提下,早期超声引导下PCD引流盆腔游离积液是安全可行的,并对缓解早期腹腔内高压,缩短机械通气时间、提早实现半量EN、减少后期多部位/区域PCD具有显著帮助,也可明显减少病程后期较大体积坏死或积液残留。展开更多
Background Acute kidney injury （AKI） has been recognized as a major healthcare problem affecting millions of patients worldwide.However,epidemiologic data concerning AKI in China are still lacking.The objectives of ...Background Acute kidney injury （AKI） has been recognized as a major healthcare problem affecting millions of patients worldwide.However,epidemiologic data concerning AKI in China are still lacking.The objectives of this study were to characterize AKI defined by RIFLE criteria,assess the association with hospital mortality,and evaluate the impact of AKI in the context of other risk factors.Methods This prospective multicenter observational study enrolled 3,063 consecutive patients from 1 July 2009 to 31 August 2009 in 22 ICUs across China's Mainland.We excluded patients who were admitted for less than 24 hours （n=1623）,younger than 18 years （n=127）,receiving chronic hemodialysis （n=29）,receiving renal transplantation （n=1） and unknown reasons （n=28）.There were 1255 patients in the final analysis.AKI was diagnosed and classified according to RIFLE criteria.Results There were 396 patients （31.6％） who had AKI,with RIFLE maximum class R,I,and F in 126 （10.0％）,91 （7.3％）,and 179 （14.3％） patients,respectively.Renal function deteriorated in 206 patients （16.4％）.In comparison with non AKI patients,patients in the risk class on ICU admission were more likely to progress to the injury class （odds ratio （OR） 3.564,95％ confidence interval （CI） 1.706-7.443,P =0.001],while patients in the risk class （OR 5.215,95％ CI 2.798-9.719,P ＜0.001） and injury class （OR 13.316,95％ CI 7.507-23.622,P ＜0.001） had a significantly higher probability of deteriorating into failure class.The adjusted hazard ratios for 90-day mortality were 1.884 for the risk group,3.401 for the injury group,and 5.306 for the failure group.Conclusions The prevalence of AKI was high among critically ill patients in Chinese ICUs.In comparison with non-AKI patients,patients with RIFLE class R or class I on ICU admission were more susceptibility to progression to class I or class F.The RIFLE criteria were robust and correlated well with clinical deterioration and mortality.展开更多
Background Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii （MDRAB） is an important and emerging hospital-acquired pathogen worldwide. This study was conducted to identify the sources of MDRAB and its role in respiratory...Background Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii （MDRAB） is an important and emerging hospital-acquired pathogen worldwide. This study was conducted to identify the sources of MDRAB and its role in respiratory tract colonization and nosocomial pneumonia in intensive care unit （ICU） patients. Methods We conducted a prospective active surveillance study of MDRAB in three ICUs at a Chinese Hospital from April to August 2011, to identify the sources of MDRAB and its role in respiratory tract colonization and nosocomial pneumonia. Results One hundred and fourteen （13.0%） MDRAB isolates were detected from 876 specimens, with a sensitivity of 11.6% （55/474） in screening of the pharyngeal and tracheal swabs, and 14.7% （59/402） of the sputum/endotracheal aspirates. MDRAB colonization/infection was found in 34 （26.8%） of 127 patients, including 16 （12.6%） cases of pure colonization and 18 （14.2%） cases of pneumonia （two pre-ICU-acquired cases of pneumonia and 16 ICU-acquired cases of pneumonia）. Previous respiratory tract MDRAB colonization was found in 22 （17.3%） patients： eight （6.3%） were pre-ICU-acquired colonization and 14 （11.0%）ICU-acquired colonization. Of eight pre-ICU-colonized patients, five were transferred from other wards or hospitals with hospitalization 〉72 hours, and three came from the community with no previous hospitalization. Overall, 6/22 colonized patients presented with secondary pneumonia; only two （9.1%） colonized MDRAB strains were associated with secondary infections. Respiratory tract MDRAB colonization had no significant relationship with nosocomial pneumonia （P=0.725）. In addition, acute respiratory failure, mechanical ventilation, renal failure, and prior carbapenem use were risk factors for MDRAB colonization/infection. Conclusions A high proportion of cases of MDRAB colonization/infection in ICU patients were detected through screening cultures. About one-third were acquired from general wards and the community before ICU admission. The low incidence of MDRAB colonization-related pneumonia questions the appropriateness of targeted antibiotic therapy.展开更多
文摘目的探讨中-重症急性胰腺炎早期(发病7 d内)超声引导下经皮穿刺引流(percutaneous catheter drainage,PCD)盆腔游离积液的可行性及其对病情进展和预后的影响。方法回顾分析2014年4月至2017年12月上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院急诊科与重症医学科收治的伴有早期盆腔积液的中-重症急性胰腺炎患者,进行盆腔PCD的归为早期PCD组(n=31),未进行盆腔PCD的归为未PCD组(n=60),对比分析两组病情进展情况、后期并发症发生率和预后情况等。结果早期PCD组平均引流量为(1561.3±776.7)mL,平均留管时间为(5.1±1.3)d,引流液微生物培养均为阴性,未出现任何并发症。早期PCD组比未PCD组:腹腔内高压缓解时间[(4.5±2.9)d vs (5.6±2.2)d]、平均机械通气时间[(7.5±6.6)d vs (11.4±5.7d)]和半量肠内营养(EN)达标时间[(6.7±3.8)d vs (8.4±4.2)d]均显著短于未PCD组(P<0.05);早期PCD组后期进行胰周PCD(22.6%vs 35.1%)、继发感染(22.6%vs 41.7%)及清创手术率(19.4%vs 38.3%)均低于未PCD组,但无统计学差异(P>0.05);早期PCD组后期多部位/区域PCD的发生率显著低于未PCD组(3.2%vs 20.0%,P<0.05);出院时(非手术患者)>100 mL包裹性坏死/积液区域数量显著低于未PCD组[(1.68±0.84) vs (2.36±1.42),P<0.05);此外,早期PCD组住ICU时间[(20.48±20.63)d vs (25.76±26.21)d]和总住院时间[(36.58±23.44)d vs (41.43±28.26)d]以及总死亡率都低于未PCD组,但缺乏统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论在技术支持和强化导管管理的前提下,早期超声引导下PCD引流盆腔游离积液是安全可行的,并对缓解早期腹腔内高压,缩短机械通气时间、提早实现半量EN、减少后期多部位/区域PCD具有显著帮助,也可明显减少病程后期较大体积坏死或积液残留。
文摘Background Acute kidney injury （AKI） has been recognized as a major healthcare problem affecting millions of patients worldwide.However,epidemiologic data concerning AKI in China are still lacking.The objectives of this study were to characterize AKI defined by RIFLE criteria,assess the association with hospital mortality,and evaluate the impact of AKI in the context of other risk factors.Methods This prospective multicenter observational study enrolled 3,063 consecutive patients from 1 July 2009 to 31 August 2009 in 22 ICUs across China's Mainland.We excluded patients who were admitted for less than 24 hours （n=1623）,younger than 18 years （n=127）,receiving chronic hemodialysis （n=29）,receiving renal transplantation （n=1） and unknown reasons （n=28）.There were 1255 patients in the final analysis.AKI was diagnosed and classified according to RIFLE criteria.Results There were 396 patients （31.6％） who had AKI,with RIFLE maximum class R,I,and F in 126 （10.0％）,91 （7.3％）,and 179 （14.3％） patients,respectively.Renal function deteriorated in 206 patients （16.4％）.In comparison with non AKI patients,patients in the risk class on ICU admission were more likely to progress to the injury class （odds ratio （OR） 3.564,95％ confidence interval （CI） 1.706-7.443,P =0.001],while patients in the risk class （OR 5.215,95％ CI 2.798-9.719,P ＜0.001） and injury class （OR 13.316,95％ CI 7.507-23.622,P ＜0.001） had a significantly higher probability of deteriorating into failure class.The adjusted hazard ratios for 90-day mortality were 1.884 for the risk group,3.401 for the injury group,and 5.306 for the failure group.Conclusions The prevalence of AKI was high among critically ill patients in Chinese ICUs.In comparison with non-AKI patients,patients with RIFLE class R or class I on ICU admission were more susceptibility to progression to class I or class F.The RIFLE criteria were robust and correlated well with clinical deterioration and mortality.
文摘Background Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii （MDRAB） is an important and emerging hospital-acquired pathogen worldwide. This study was conducted to identify the sources of MDRAB and its role in respiratory tract colonization and nosocomial pneumonia in intensive care unit （ICU） patients. Methods We conducted a prospective active surveillance study of MDRAB in three ICUs at a Chinese Hospital from April to August 2011, to identify the sources of MDRAB and its role in respiratory tract colonization and nosocomial pneumonia. Results One hundred and fourteen （13.0%） MDRAB isolates were detected from 876 specimens, with a sensitivity of 11.6% （55/474） in screening of the pharyngeal and tracheal swabs, and 14.7% （59/402） of the sputum/endotracheal aspirates. MDRAB colonization/infection was found in 34 （26.8%） of 127 patients, including 16 （12.6%） cases of pure colonization and 18 （14.2%） cases of pneumonia （two pre-ICU-acquired cases of pneumonia and 16 ICU-acquired cases of pneumonia）. Previous respiratory tract MDRAB colonization was found in 22 （17.3%） patients： eight （6.3%） were pre-ICU-acquired colonization and 14 （11.0%）ICU-acquired colonization. Of eight pre-ICU-colonized patients, five were transferred from other wards or hospitals with hospitalization 〉72 hours, and three came from the community with no previous hospitalization. Overall, 6/22 colonized patients presented with secondary pneumonia; only two （9.1%） colonized MDRAB strains were associated with secondary infections. Respiratory tract MDRAB colonization had no significant relationship with nosocomial pneumonia （P=0.725）. In addition, acute respiratory failure, mechanical ventilation, renal failure, and prior carbapenem use were risk factors for MDRAB colonization/infection. Conclusions A high proportion of cases of MDRAB colonization/infection in ICU patients were detected through screening cultures. About one-third were acquired from general wards and the community before ICU admission. The low incidence of MDRAB colonization-related pneumonia questions the appropriateness of targeted antibiotic therapy.
