香气成分与葡萄酒的品质密切相关,且发酵过程中产生的香气在葡萄酒的香气中占据重要地位。该研究利用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用(head space-solid phase micro-extraction hyphenated with gas chromatography-mass spectrometr...香气成分与葡萄酒的品质密切相关,且发酵过程中产生的香气在葡萄酒的香气中占据重要地位。该研究利用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用(head space-solid phase micro-extraction hyphenated with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,HS-SPME-GC-MS)技术和感官定量描述分析方法(quantitative descriptive analysis,QDA)对发酵过程中的酒样进行香气成分和感官特征分析,旨在研究宁夏贺兰山东麓产区赤霞珠干红葡萄酒发酵过程中香气成分与感官特征的变化规律。结果表明,随着发酵的进行,酯、高级醇、脂肪酸、类异戊二烯成分的总含量呈递增趋势,酯类成分的总含量在第8天达到最大值(26655.39μg/L),高级醇和脂肪酸的总含量在第9天达到最大值,分别是9595.42 mg/L和115.39μg/L,类异戊二烯总含量在第10天达到最大值(162.49μg/L);葡萄汁的香气特征以青草和果梗为主,随后逐渐出现了黑色水果、柑橘水果、热带水果、清新花香、辛香料、坚果、果脯味、果酱味的感官特征并逐渐增强;热带水果的感官特征在第7天时达到最大值,红色水果、黑色水果、柑橘水果、草本植物、清新花香、辛香料和坚果等感官特征均在发酵第9天到达最大值。因此,在贺兰山东麓产区赤霞珠干红葡萄酒发酵的第7~10天,是工艺调控的关键时间节点,有利于产品由果香向更加复杂香气风格的转变。展开更多
The tallest sand dune worldwide is located in the Badain Jaran Desert(BJD),China,and has been standing for thousands of years.Previous studies have conducted limited physical exploration and excavation on the formatio...The tallest sand dune worldwide is located in the Badain Jaran Desert(BJD),China,and has been standing for thousands of years.Previous studies have conducted limited physical exploration and excavation on the formation of sand dunes and have proposed three viewpoints,that is,bedrock control,wind dominance,and groundwater maintenance with no unified conclusion.Therefore,this study analyzed the underlying bedding structure of sand dunes in the BJD.Although the bedrock of sand dunes is uplifted and wind controls the shape of dunes,the main cause of dune formation is groundwater that maintains the deposition of calcareous sandstone and accumulation of aeolian sand.According to water transport model and vapor transports in the unsaturated zone of sand dunes,capillary water transport height is limited with film water constituting the main form of water in dunes.Chemical properties and temperature of groundwater showed that aquifers in different basins receive relatively independent recharge from deep sources in the crater.Result of dune formation mechanism is of considerable importance in understanding groundwater circulation and provides a new perspective on water management in arid desert areas.展开更多
基金This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61771183).
文摘The tallest sand dune worldwide is located in the Badain Jaran Desert(BJD),China,and has been standing for thousands of years.Previous studies have conducted limited physical exploration and excavation on the formation of sand dunes and have proposed three viewpoints,that is,bedrock control,wind dominance,and groundwater maintenance with no unified conclusion.Therefore,this study analyzed the underlying bedding structure of sand dunes in the BJD.Although the bedrock of sand dunes is uplifted and wind controls the shape of dunes,the main cause of dune formation is groundwater that maintains the deposition of calcareous sandstone and accumulation of aeolian sand.According to water transport model and vapor transports in the unsaturated zone of sand dunes,capillary water transport height is limited with film water constituting the main form of water in dunes.Chemical properties and temperature of groundwater showed that aquifers in different basins receive relatively independent recharge from deep sources in the crater.Result of dune formation mechanism is of considerable importance in understanding groundwater circulation and provides a new perspective on water management in arid desert areas.
