The knowledge of Martian salts has gone through substantial changes during the past decades. In the 70th of last century, Viking landers have noticed the existence of salts on Mars. Several salt species have been sugg...The knowledge of Martian salts has gone through substantial changes during the past decades. In the 70th of last century, Viking landers have noticed the existence of salts on Mars. Several salt species have been suggested from then on, such as sulfates and chlorides. However, their origin was a mystery due to the lack of observations. The recent explorations and related studies at the beginning of this century revealed that the crustal composition of Mars is similar to that of Earth, and it was hypothesized that almost one third of Martian surface was covered by oceans and lakes in the early stage of Mars. The huge water bodies may have dissolved a large quantity of ions from Martian primary rocks during the whole Noachian and Hesperian epoch. After the enormous drought event happened during the late Hesperian and the early Amazonian, these dissolved ions have formed huge salts deposits and most of them were preserved on Mars until today. To date, carbonates, sulfates, chlorides have all been detected by orbital remote sensing and by landers and rovers. However, the salt mineral assemblages on Mars seems to have some differences from those on Earth, e.g., rich in sulfates and lack of massive carbonates. To explain this difference, we propose that most of the surface carbonates precipitated from the ancient oceans may have been dissolved by the later ubiquitous acidic fluids originated from the global volcanism in the Hesperian era, and formed the enormous sulfate deposits as detected, and this hypothesis seems to be supported by the evidence that most of the sulfate deposits distribute around the Tharsis volcanic province while the survived carbonates located far from it. This process can release most of the carbon on Mars to the atmosphere in the form of CO2 and then be erased by the late heavy bombardments, which might have profound influence on the climate change happened in the Hesperian age. The positive correlation between the GRS results of the potassium distributions and the distribution of chlorides on Mars, together with the high Br concentration measured from the evaporate sediments at two Mars exploration rover landing sites, indicate that the brines in the regions where the chlorides deposited may have reached the stage for potassium salts deposition, thus we propose for the first time that potassium salts deposits might be prevalent in these regions.展开更多
目的探讨主动呼吸循环技术对老年肺癌电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术患者整体功能、心肺功能和运动耐量的影响。方法选取2019年10月至2021年10月于重庆两江新区第一人民医院行电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术的93例老年肺癌患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表...目的探讨主动呼吸循环技术对老年肺癌电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术患者整体功能、心肺功能和运动耐量的影响。方法选取2019年10月至2021年10月于重庆两江新区第一人民医院行电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术的93例老年肺癌患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将入选患者分为观察组(47例)与对照组(46例)。两组患者均行电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术治疗,均由同一组外科医生完成。对照组患者于术后第1天开始行常规康复训练,观察组患者于术后第1天开始采用主动呼吸循环技术进行锻炼。两组患者均于术后第14天评价。比较两组患者术后胸腔引流量、术后胸管拔除时间和术后住院天数,术后第1天和术后第14天心功能[左室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)和左心室舒张末期内径(left ventricular end diastolic dimension,LVEDD)]、肺功能[第1秒用力呼吸容积(forced expiratory volume in one second,FEV_(1))和一秒率]、改良的英国医学研究委员会呼吸困难量表(modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale,mMRC)评分和6 min步行距离,以及术后肺部并发症发生情况。结果观察组患者术后胸腔引流量显著少于对照组(P<0.05),术后胸管拔除时间显著早于对照组(P<0.05),术后住院天数显著短于对照组(P<0.05),术后肺部并发症发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者术后第14天LVEF均显著大于本组术后第1天(均P<0.05),LVEDD均显著小于本组术后第1天(均P<0.05),FEV_(1)和一秒率均显著高于本组术后第1天(均P<0.05),mMRC评分均显著低于本组术后第1天(均P<0.05),6 min步行距离均显著长于本组术后第1天(均P<0.05);观察组患者术后第14天LVEF显著大于对照组(P<0.05),LVEDD显著小于对照组(P<0.05),FEV_(1)和一秒率均显著高于对照组(均P<0.05),mMRC评分显著低于对照组(P<0.05),6 min步行距离显著长于对照组(P<0.05)。结论主动呼吸循环技术对老年肺癌电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术患者整体功能改善良好,且可改善患者心肺功能和运动耐量,降低肺部并发症发生率。展开更多
1 Introduction Dogai Coring is a name of lake lied in the northern Tibet.There are a series of modern salt springs and theies travertines.All of salt springs have an anomaly of potassium,implying that springs water ma...1 Introduction Dogai Coring is a name of lake lied in the northern Tibet.There are a series of modern salt springs and theies travertines.All of salt springs have an anomaly of potassium,implying that springs water may dissolve evaporites from deep bed formation,which includes halite展开更多
The origin of boron in boron-rich salt lakes in the Tibetan Plateau has long been the subject of debate.The Damzung Co Salt Lake in central Tibet has high boron concentrations(B=276–313 mg/L)and is an ideal site for
A suite of sedimentary-volcaniclastic rocks intercalated with the volcanic rocks unconformably overlies the Triassic Xiaochaka Formation in the Woruo Mountain region, Qiangtang Basin, northern Tibet. The vitric tuff f...A suite of sedimentary-volcaniclastic rocks intercalated with the volcanic rocks unconformably overlies the Triassic Xiaochaka Formation in the Woruo Mountain region, Qiangtang Basin, northern Tibet. The vitric tuff from the base of these strata gives a SHRIMP zircon U-Pb age of 216 ± 4.5 Ma, which represents the age of the Late Triassic volcanic-sedimentary events in the Woruo Mountain region, and is consistent with that of the formation of the volcanic rocks from the Nadi Kangri Formation in the Nadigangri-Shishui River zone. There is a striking similarity in geochemical signatures of the volcanic rocks from the Woruo Mountain region and its adjacent Nadigangri-Shishui River zone, indicating that all the volcanic rocks from the Qiangtang region might have the same magmatic source and similar tectonic setting during the Late Triassic. The proper recognition of the Late Triassic large-scale volcanic eruption and volcanic-sedimentary events has important implications for the interpretation of the Late Triassic biotic extinction, climatic changes and regressive events in the eastern Tethyan domain, as well as the understanding of the initiation and nature, and sedimentary features of the Qiangtang Basin during the Late Triassic-Jurassic.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the efficacy of Chaihu Ji Sang Decoction(CJSD),(a modification of Xiao Chaihu Tang(Minor Decoction of Bupleurum) was evaluated in patients with post-infection cough(PIC).Its effect on cough re...OBJECTIVE:To investigate the efficacy of Chaihu Ji Sang Decoction(CJSD),(a modification of Xiao Chaihu Tang(Minor Decoction of Bupleurum) was evaluated in patients with post-infection cough(PIC).Its effect on cough reflex sensitivity(CRS) was also described.METHODS:One hundred and eighteen patients with PIC were enrolled and randomly divided into an experimental group and control group(54 patients in each group).The experimental group was given CJSD orally,and the control group was given cetirizine hydrochloride for 7 d.Cough symptom scores and TCM symptom scores were compared before and after treatment.Efficacy,cough onset time,recurrence,and adverse drug reactions were additionally evaluated.Finally,CRS was evaluated before and after treatment of PIC patients in the experimental group.RESULTS:Fifty-two patients in the experimental group and fifty control patients completed the study.Cough symptom scores and the TCM symptom scores of the two groups were significantly improved after treatment,however cough symptoms in the experimental group 1(0,2) were significantly lower than the control group 2(1,2) after treatment(P < 0.05).Similarly,TCM symptom scores 4(0,7) in the experimental group were significantly lower than the control group 6(3,12)(P < 0.01).Overall,the effective rate of the experimental treatment(84.60%) was significantly higher than that of the control treatment(68.00%)(P < 0.01).The onset time of efficacy of the experimental treatment was one day faster than the control treatment [2(2,3) d vs 3(2,3) d,P < 0.01].The relapse rate in the experimental group(9.09%) was lower than that of the control group(29.41%)(P < 0.05).39 PIC patients in the experimental group completed a capsaicin cough challenge test before treatment.The lgC2 and lg C5 of the experimental group prior to treatment was 1.19(0.59,1.49) and 1.80(1.49,2.10),respectively.The lgC2,lg C5 of the healthy control group was 1.49(0.89,2.40) and 2.70(2.40,3.00),respectively.The differences in lgC2 and lg C5 between experimental group and healthy groups were significant at this time point(both P < 0.01).After treatment,34 patients in the experimental group received re-examination.lg C5 increased from 1.80(1.49,2.10) to 2.10(1.49,3.00).CRS after treatment/re-examination was significantly lower than those of baseline in the experimental group(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION:CJSD could effectively improve the clinical symptoms of PIC patients,with demonstrable low recurrence and safety.CJSD also significantly decreased the CRS in patients with PIC.展开更多
基金supported by the Basic Research and Operating Fund (K0903)the China Geological survey's project (1212011085524 12120113019100)
文摘The knowledge of Martian salts has gone through substantial changes during the past decades. In the 70th of last century, Viking landers have noticed the existence of salts on Mars. Several salt species have been suggested from then on, such as sulfates and chlorides. However, their origin was a mystery due to the lack of observations. The recent explorations and related studies at the beginning of this century revealed that the crustal composition of Mars is similar to that of Earth, and it was hypothesized that almost one third of Martian surface was covered by oceans and lakes in the early stage of Mars. The huge water bodies may have dissolved a large quantity of ions from Martian primary rocks during the whole Noachian and Hesperian epoch. After the enormous drought event happened during the late Hesperian and the early Amazonian, these dissolved ions have formed huge salts deposits and most of them were preserved on Mars until today. To date, carbonates, sulfates, chlorides have all been detected by orbital remote sensing and by landers and rovers. However, the salt mineral assemblages on Mars seems to have some differences from those on Earth, e.g., rich in sulfates and lack of massive carbonates. To explain this difference, we propose that most of the surface carbonates precipitated from the ancient oceans may have been dissolved by the later ubiquitous acidic fluids originated from the global volcanism in the Hesperian era, and formed the enormous sulfate deposits as detected, and this hypothesis seems to be supported by the evidence that most of the sulfate deposits distribute around the Tharsis volcanic province while the survived carbonates located far from it. This process can release most of the carbon on Mars to the atmosphere in the form of CO2 and then be erased by the late heavy bombardments, which might have profound influence on the climate change happened in the Hesperian age. The positive correlation between the GRS results of the potassium distributions and the distribution of chlorides on Mars, together with the high Br concentration measured from the evaporate sediments at two Mars exploration rover landing sites, indicate that the brines in the regions where the chlorides deposited may have reached the stage for potassium salts deposition, thus we propose for the first time that potassium salts deposits might be prevalent in these regions.
文摘目的探讨主动呼吸循环技术对老年肺癌电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术患者整体功能、心肺功能和运动耐量的影响。方法选取2019年10月至2021年10月于重庆两江新区第一人民医院行电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术的93例老年肺癌患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将入选患者分为观察组(47例)与对照组(46例)。两组患者均行电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术治疗,均由同一组外科医生完成。对照组患者于术后第1天开始行常规康复训练,观察组患者于术后第1天开始采用主动呼吸循环技术进行锻炼。两组患者均于术后第14天评价。比较两组患者术后胸腔引流量、术后胸管拔除时间和术后住院天数,术后第1天和术后第14天心功能[左室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)和左心室舒张末期内径(left ventricular end diastolic dimension,LVEDD)]、肺功能[第1秒用力呼吸容积(forced expiratory volume in one second,FEV_(1))和一秒率]、改良的英国医学研究委员会呼吸困难量表(modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale,mMRC)评分和6 min步行距离,以及术后肺部并发症发生情况。结果观察组患者术后胸腔引流量显著少于对照组(P<0.05),术后胸管拔除时间显著早于对照组(P<0.05),术后住院天数显著短于对照组(P<0.05),术后肺部并发症发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者术后第14天LVEF均显著大于本组术后第1天(均P<0.05),LVEDD均显著小于本组术后第1天(均P<0.05),FEV_(1)和一秒率均显著高于本组术后第1天(均P<0.05),mMRC评分均显著低于本组术后第1天(均P<0.05),6 min步行距离均显著长于本组术后第1天(均P<0.05);观察组患者术后第14天LVEF显著大于对照组(P<0.05),LVEDD显著小于对照组(P<0.05),FEV_(1)和一秒率均显著高于对照组(均P<0.05),mMRC评分显著低于对照组(P<0.05),6 min步行距离显著长于对照组(P<0.05)。结论主动呼吸循环技术对老年肺癌电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术患者整体功能改善良好,且可改善患者心肺功能和运动耐量,降低肺部并发症发生率。
基金financially supported by China National Major Basic Development Program "973" (2011CB403003)
文摘1 Introduction Dogai Coring is a name of lake lied in the northern Tibet.There are a series of modern salt springs and theies travertines.All of salt springs have an anomaly of potassium,implying that springs water may dissolve evaporites from deep bed formation,which includes halite
基金supported jointly by the China Geological Survey (Grant no. 1212011085524)by the National Science Foundation of China (Grant no. 41203012)
文摘The origin of boron in boron-rich salt lakes in the Tibetan Plateau has long been the subject of debate.The Damzung Co Salt Lake in central Tibet has high boron concentrations(B=276–313 mg/L)and is an ideal site for
基金the National Oil and Gas Special Project(Keyou [2006] No.2)"the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40472070)
文摘A suite of sedimentary-volcaniclastic rocks intercalated with the volcanic rocks unconformably overlies the Triassic Xiaochaka Formation in the Woruo Mountain region, Qiangtang Basin, northern Tibet. The vitric tuff from the base of these strata gives a SHRIMP zircon U-Pb age of 216 ± 4.5 Ma, which represents the age of the Late Triassic volcanic-sedimentary events in the Woruo Mountain region, and is consistent with that of the formation of the volcanic rocks from the Nadi Kangri Formation in the Nadigangri-Shishui River zone. There is a striking similarity in geochemical signatures of the volcanic rocks from the Woruo Mountain region and its adjacent Nadigangri-Shishui River zone, indicating that all the volcanic rocks from the Qiangtang region might have the same magmatic source and similar tectonic setting during the Late Triassic. The proper recognition of the Late Triassic large-scale volcanic eruption and volcanic-sedimentary events has important implications for the interpretation of the Late Triassic biotic extinction, climatic changes and regressive events in the eastern Tethyan domain, as well as the understanding of the initiation and nature, and sedimentary features of the Qiangtang Basin during the Late Triassic-Jurassic.
基金the Third Batch of National Excellent TCM Clinician Training Project[No.(2012)148)]Chen Kezhen Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Development Fund(CKJ2012018)+1 种基金2014 Fujian Province Health and Family Planning Commission Youth Research Projects(No.2014-1-82)Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases Construction Project(2013-internal medicine-5)
文摘OBJECTIVE:To investigate the efficacy of Chaihu Ji Sang Decoction(CJSD),(a modification of Xiao Chaihu Tang(Minor Decoction of Bupleurum) was evaluated in patients with post-infection cough(PIC).Its effect on cough reflex sensitivity(CRS) was also described.METHODS:One hundred and eighteen patients with PIC were enrolled and randomly divided into an experimental group and control group(54 patients in each group).The experimental group was given CJSD orally,and the control group was given cetirizine hydrochloride for 7 d.Cough symptom scores and TCM symptom scores were compared before and after treatment.Efficacy,cough onset time,recurrence,and adverse drug reactions were additionally evaluated.Finally,CRS was evaluated before and after treatment of PIC patients in the experimental group.RESULTS:Fifty-two patients in the experimental group and fifty control patients completed the study.Cough symptom scores and the TCM symptom scores of the two groups were significantly improved after treatment,however cough symptoms in the experimental group 1(0,2) were significantly lower than the control group 2(1,2) after treatment(P < 0.05).Similarly,TCM symptom scores 4(0,7) in the experimental group were significantly lower than the control group 6(3,12)(P < 0.01).Overall,the effective rate of the experimental treatment(84.60%) was significantly higher than that of the control treatment(68.00%)(P < 0.01).The onset time of efficacy of the experimental treatment was one day faster than the control treatment [2(2,3) d vs 3(2,3) d,P < 0.01].The relapse rate in the experimental group(9.09%) was lower than that of the control group(29.41%)(P < 0.05).39 PIC patients in the experimental group completed a capsaicin cough challenge test before treatment.The lgC2 and lg C5 of the experimental group prior to treatment was 1.19(0.59,1.49) and 1.80(1.49,2.10),respectively.The lgC2,lg C5 of the healthy control group was 1.49(0.89,2.40) and 2.70(2.40,3.00),respectively.The differences in lgC2 and lg C5 between experimental group and healthy groups were significant at this time point(both P < 0.01).After treatment,34 patients in the experimental group received re-examination.lg C5 increased from 1.80(1.49,2.10) to 2.10(1.49,3.00).CRS after treatment/re-examination was significantly lower than those of baseline in the experimental group(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION:CJSD could effectively improve the clinical symptoms of PIC patients,with demonstrable low recurrence and safety.CJSD also significantly decreased the CRS in patients with PIC.
