A novel multi-observer passive localization algorithm based on the weighted restricted total least square （WRTLS） is proposed to solve the bearings-only localization problem in the presence of observer position erro...A novel multi-observer passive localization algorithm based on the weighted restricted total least square （WRTLS） is proposed to solve the bearings-only localization problem in the presence of observer position errors. Firstly, the unknown matrix perturbation information is utilized to form the WRTLS problem. Then, the corresponding constrained optimization problem is transformed into an unconstrained one, which is a generalized Rayleigh quotient minimization problem. Thus, the solution can be got through the generalized eigenvalue decomposition and requires no initial state guess process. Simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm can approach the Cramer-Rao lower bound （CRLB）, and the localization solution is asymptotically unbiased.展开更多
The current Internet has evolved during the last decade to a global provider of diverse applications. However, the underlying structure of routing and addressing has not evolved in the same pace and is somewhat inflex...The current Internet has evolved during the last decade to a global provider of diverse applications. However, the underlying structure of routing and addressing has not evolved in the same pace and is somewhat inflexible. How to provide diverse routing services, support emerging communication paradigms based on limited and definite network resources has become an urgent challenge. This paper investigates the adaptive matching between routing and application through network function decomposition and composition, and proposes a polymorphic routing model to support diverse applications and emerging communication paradigms. The model splits complex routing functions into its constituents, and derives customized routing mechanisms supporting various applications by composing the routing constituents. The derivation process is modeled as a Markov Decision Process (MDP), and a polymorphic derivation algorithm is also proposed to derive customized routing instances for diverse applications. The model enables the network to self-adjust routing services dynamically to adapt to the different requirements of applications, supports coexistence of multiple routing modes and communication paradigms, and provides a feasible solution for the network compatibility and evolvement. We describe the key design and demonstrate the feasibility of polymorphic derivation by simulations. We also present case studies that demonstrate key functionalities the polymorphic routing model enables.展开更多
[ Objective ] This study aimed to extract antibacterial peptides from mussel. [ Method ] Blue mussels were used as raw materials for direct extraction of antibacterial peptides by using O. 5 % acetic acid, and the ant...[ Objective ] This study aimed to extract antibacterial peptides from mussel. [ Method ] Blue mussels were used as raw materials for direct extraction of antibacterial peptides by using O. 5 % acetic acid, and the antibacterial peptides were isolated and purified by Sephacryl S-100 polyacrylamide gel chromatography. The fractions were collected for measurement of antibacterial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration for a variety of bacterial species by filter paper diffusion assay. Molecular weight of the antibacterial peptides was determined by SDS-PAGE. Variation of antibacterial activity of antibacterial peptides was measured at 100 ~C under conditions of different processing time and different pH. [ Result] The O. 5% acetic acid was used for crude extraction of antibacterial peptides as extrac- tion solution and led to relatively high extraction efficiency. By using Sephacryl S-100, the antibacterial peptides could be purified as a single substance. The isola- ted and purified antibacterial peptides of mussel had relatively strong antibacterial properties with molecular weight of 5 908, showing heat-resistance acid-alkaline resistance. [ Conclusion] This study laid the theoretical foundation for large-scale production of antibacterial peotides.展开更多
In the current study, in order to change the permeability of cell membrane and solve the problem of linked group of fungi mycelium, the method of adjusting osmotic pressure of medium and adding tween-80 was establishe...In the current study, in order to change the permeability of cell membrane and solve the problem of linked group of fungi mycelium, the method of adjusting osmotic pressure of medium and adding tween-80 was established. The utilized strain with relatively high exopolysaccharide (EPS) yield and low pigment level was obtained after the rejuvenation and sifting of long-preserved Aureobasidium pullulans strain. The optimal proportion of substrate was determined by means of orthogonal test. The transformation ratio of EPS was increased by 10% - 20% and the pigment content was greatly reduced. The fermenting liquor is between creamy white and pale yellow, and the white primary product can be gained without decolourization step. Furthermore, to magnify to 5 L bioreactor can get the similar result.展开更多
Phase transitions and magnetic properties of shape-memory materials can be tailored by tuning the size of the constituent materials, such as nanoparticles. However, owing to the lack of suitable synthetic methods for ...Phase transitions and magnetic properties of shape-memory materials can be tailored by tuning the size of the constituent materials, such as nanoparticles. However, owing to the lack of suitable synthetic methods for size-controlled Heusler nanoparticles, there is no report on the size dependence of their properties and functionalities. In this contribution, we present the first chemical synthesis of size-selected Co-Ni-Ga Heusler nanoparticles. We also report the structure and magnetic properties of the biphasic Co-Ni-Ga nanoparticles with sizes in the range of 30-84 nm, prepared by a SBA-15 nanoporous silica- templated approach. The particle sizes could be readily tuned by controlling the loading and concentration of the precursors. The fractions and crystallite sizes of each phase of the Co-Ni-Ga nanoparticles are closely related to their particle size. Enhanced magnetization and decreased coercivity are observed with increasing particle size. The Curie temperature （To） of the Co-Ni-Ga nanoparticles also depends on their size. The 84 nm-sized particles exhibit the highest Tc （≈ 1,174 K） among all known Heusler compounds. The very high Curie temperatures of the Co-Ni-Ga nanoparticles render them promising candidates for application in high-temperature shape memory alloy-based devices.展开更多
This research revealed important driving forces behind the construction of an eco-compensation mechan- ism for wetlands （DFEMW） in China. Using China＇s provincial panel data from 1978 to 2008, a fixed-effects model...This research revealed important driving forces behind the construction of an eco-compensation mechan- ism for wetlands （DFEMW） in China. Using China＇s provincial panel data from 1978 to 2008, a fixed-effects model was used to analyze the impacts of agricultural production systems on wetlands. We identified three DFEMW as follows： the change of wetland resources and protection measures in China; declaration and implementation of the provincial Wetland Protection Ordinance; and wetland degradation by agricultural production systems, which necessitated the establishment of a wetland eco-compensation mechanism. In addition to the DFEMW, a significant positive correlation between wetland area and both rural population and gross agricultural production was identified, in addition to a negative correlation with chemical fertilizer usage, reser- voir storage capacity, and irrigation area, The underlying reasons for the serious degradation and inadequate protection of wetlands were market failure and government failure; these were the driving forces behind the need to establish a wetland eco-compensation mechanism. From a governmental perspective, it has been difficult to rectify market failures in resource distribution and thus to prevent wetland degradation. Factors include conflicts of interest, lack of investment, effective special laws, a simple means to protect wetlands, and a multidisciplinary management system. Therefore, the key factor is the coordination of interest relationships between those who utilize wetlands and those who seek to minimize wetland degradation and effectively protect wetlands.展开更多
基金supported by the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China (20105584004)the Science and Technology on Avionics Integration Laboratory
文摘A novel multi-observer passive localization algorithm based on the weighted restricted total least square （WRTLS） is proposed to solve the bearings-only localization problem in the presence of observer position errors. Firstly, the unknown matrix perturbation information is utilized to form the WRTLS problem. Then, the corresponding constrained optimization problem is transformed into an unconstrained one, which is a generalized Rayleigh quotient minimization problem. Thus, the solution can be got through the generalized eigenvalue decomposition and requires no initial state guess process. Simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm can approach the Cramer-Rao lower bound （CRLB）, and the localization solution is asymptotically unbiased.
基金supported in part by the Cernet Network (NGII20160103)National Natural Science Foundation of China, National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61672471)+3 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the He’nan Province University (No.17KYYWF0202)He’nan Province University science and technology innovation team(No.18IRTSTHN012)Plan For Scientific Innovation Talent of Henan Province (No.184200510010)Zhengzhou University of Light Industry Doctoral Fund (2016BSJJ041) funding
文摘The current Internet has evolved during the last decade to a global provider of diverse applications. However, the underlying structure of routing and addressing has not evolved in the same pace and is somewhat inflexible. How to provide diverse routing services, support emerging communication paradigms based on limited and definite network resources has become an urgent challenge. This paper investigates the adaptive matching between routing and application through network function decomposition and composition, and proposes a polymorphic routing model to support diverse applications and emerging communication paradigms. The model splits complex routing functions into its constituents, and derives customized routing mechanisms supporting various applications by composing the routing constituents. The derivation process is modeled as a Markov Decision Process (MDP), and a polymorphic derivation algorithm is also proposed to derive customized routing instances for diverse applications. The model enables the network to self-adjust routing services dynamically to adapt to the different requirements of applications, supports coexistence of multiple routing modes and communication paradigms, and provides a feasible solution for the network compatibility and evolvement. We describe the key design and demonstrate the feasibility of polymorphic derivation by simulations. We also present case studies that demonstrate key functionalities the polymorphic routing model enables.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province ( ZR2009BM0190A)
文摘[ Objective ] This study aimed to extract antibacterial peptides from mussel. [ Method ] Blue mussels were used as raw materials for direct extraction of antibacterial peptides by using O. 5 % acetic acid, and the antibacterial peptides were isolated and purified by Sephacryl S-100 polyacrylamide gel chromatography. The fractions were collected for measurement of antibacterial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration for a variety of bacterial species by filter paper diffusion assay. Molecular weight of the antibacterial peptides was determined by SDS-PAGE. Variation of antibacterial activity of antibacterial peptides was measured at 100 ~C under conditions of different processing time and different pH. [ Result] The O. 5% acetic acid was used for crude extraction of antibacterial peptides as extrac- tion solution and led to relatively high extraction efficiency. By using Sephacryl S-100, the antibacterial peptides could be purified as a single substance. The isola- ted and purified antibacterial peptides of mussel had relatively strong antibacterial properties with molecular weight of 5 908, showing heat-resistance acid-alkaline resistance. [ Conclusion] This study laid the theoretical foundation for large-scale production of antibacterial peotides.
文摘In the current study, in order to change the permeability of cell membrane and solve the problem of linked group of fungi mycelium, the method of adjusting osmotic pressure of medium and adding tween-80 was established. The utilized strain with relatively high exopolysaccharide (EPS) yield and low pigment level was obtained after the rejuvenation and sifting of long-preserved Aureobasidium pullulans strain. The optimal proportion of substrate was determined by means of orthogonal test. The transformation ratio of EPS was increased by 10% - 20% and the pigment content was greatly reduced. The fermenting liquor is between creamy white and pale yellow, and the white primary product can be gained without decolourization step. Furthermore, to magnify to 5 L bioreactor can get the similar result.
文摘Phase transitions and magnetic properties of shape-memory materials can be tailored by tuning the size of the constituent materials, such as nanoparticles. However, owing to the lack of suitable synthetic methods for size-controlled Heusler nanoparticles, there is no report on the size dependence of their properties and functionalities. In this contribution, we present the first chemical synthesis of size-selected Co-Ni-Ga Heusler nanoparticles. We also report the structure and magnetic properties of the biphasic Co-Ni-Ga nanoparticles with sizes in the range of 30-84 nm, prepared by a SBA-15 nanoporous silica- templated approach. The particle sizes could be readily tuned by controlling the loading and concentration of the precursors. The fractions and crystallite sizes of each phase of the Co-Ni-Ga nanoparticles are closely related to their particle size. Enhanced magnetization and decreased coercivity are observed with increasing particle size. The Curie temperature （To） of the Co-Ni-Ga nanoparticles also depends on their size. The 84 nm-sized particles exhibit the highest Tc （≈ 1,174 K） among all known Heusler compounds. The very high Curie temperatures of the Co-Ni-Ga nanoparticles render them promising candidates for application in high-temperature shape memory alloy-based devices.
基金This research was supported by Beijing Natural Science Foundation （No. 9154037） and Beijing Social Science Foundation （No. 15JGB134）
文摘This research revealed important driving forces behind the construction of an eco-compensation mechan- ism for wetlands （DFEMW） in China. Using China＇s provincial panel data from 1978 to 2008, a fixed-effects model was used to analyze the impacts of agricultural production systems on wetlands. We identified three DFEMW as follows： the change of wetland resources and protection measures in China; declaration and implementation of the provincial Wetland Protection Ordinance; and wetland degradation by agricultural production systems, which necessitated the establishment of a wetland eco-compensation mechanism. In addition to the DFEMW, a significant positive correlation between wetland area and both rural population and gross agricultural production was identified, in addition to a negative correlation with chemical fertilizer usage, reser- voir storage capacity, and irrigation area, The underlying reasons for the serious degradation and inadequate protection of wetlands were market failure and government failure; these were the driving forces behind the need to establish a wetland eco-compensation mechanism. From a governmental perspective, it has been difficult to rectify market failures in resource distribution and thus to prevent wetland degradation. Factors include conflicts of interest, lack of investment, effective special laws, a simple means to protect wetlands, and a multidisciplinary management system. Therefore, the key factor is the coordination of interest relationships between those who utilize wetlands and those who seek to minimize wetland degradation and effectively protect wetlands.
