Moisture-enabled electricity(ME)is a method of converting the potential energy of water in the external environment into electrical energy through the interaction of functional materials with water molecules and can b...Moisture-enabled electricity(ME)is a method of converting the potential energy of water in the external environment into electrical energy through the interaction of functional materials with water molecules and can be directly applied to energy harvesting and signal expression.However,ME can be unreliable in numerous applications due to its sluggish response to moisture,thus sacrificing the value of fast energy harvesting and highly accurate information representation.Here,by constructing a moisture-electric-moisture-sensitive(ME-MS)heterostructure,we develop an efficient ME generator with ultra-fast electric response to moisture achieved by triggering Grotthuss protons hopping in the sensitized ZnO,which modulates the heterostructure built-in interfacial potential,enables quick response(0.435 s),an unprecedented ultra-fast response rate of 972.4 mV s^(−1),and a durable electrical signal output for 8 h without any attenuation.Our research provides an efficient way to generate electricity and important insight for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of moisture-generated carrier migration in ME generator,which has a more comprehensive working scene and can serve as a typical model for human health monitoring and smart medical electronics design.展开更多
The issue of sensitivity attenuation in high-pressure region has been a persistent concern for pressure-sensitive electronic skins.In order to tackle such trade-off between sensitivity and linear range,herein,a hybrid...The issue of sensitivity attenuation in high-pressure region has been a persistent concern for pressure-sensitive electronic skins.In order to tackle such trade-off between sensitivity and linear range,herein,a hybrid piezoresistive-supercapacitive(HRSC)strategy is proposed via introducing a piezoresistive porous aerogel layer between the charge collecting electrodes and iontronic films of the pressure sensors.Surprisingly,the HRSC-induced impedance regulation and supercapacitive behavior contribute to significant mitigation in sensitivity attenuation,achieving high sensitivity across wide linear range(44.58 kPa^(−1)from 0 to 3 kPa and 23.6 kPa^(−1)from 3 to 12 kPa).The HRSC pressure sensor exhibits a low detection limit of 1 Pa,fast responsiveness(~130 ms),and excellent cycling stability,allowing to detect tiny pressure of air flow,finger bending,and human respiration.Meanwhile,the HRSC sensor exhibits exceptional perception capabilities for proximity and temperature,broadening its application scenarios in prosthetic perception and electronic skin.The proposed HRSC strategy may boost the ongoing research on structural design of high-performance and multimodal electronic sensors.展开更多
The vigorous development in the field of energy conversion and storage devices directly contributes to the full utilization and convenient use of clean energy.However,some drawbacks of independent energy conversion an...The vigorous development in the field of energy conversion and storage devices directly contributes to the full utilization and convenient use of clean energy.However,some drawbacks of independent energy conversion and storage devices,including unstable,insufficient energy output and dependence on external power supply,are difficult to overcome by self-optimization,thus,hindering their further development and direct application.Coincidentally,the combination of above two devices can solve these problems,which conforms to their intrinsic needs for development.At the same time,the pursuit of portability and miniaturization also promotes the development of the power system toward a highly integrated direction.Therefore,we introduce several integration modes of energy conversion and storage systems,with emphasis on all-in-one power system,possessing the highest integration in this review.From the aspect of device configuration,working mechanisms and their performances,the all-inone power systems based on different energy sources(e.g.,mechanical,solar,thermal,and chemical energy)are discussed and analyzed.Finally,the design strategies are summarized and the potential development directions in the future are proposed.This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of highly integrated energy conversion and storage system,and seeks to point out the opportunities and orientations of future research in this field.展开更多
A novel type of sulfur-doped graphene fibers (S-GFs) were prepared by the hydrothermal strategy, the in situ interfacial polymerization method and the annealing method. Two S-GFs were assembled into an all-solid-state...A novel type of sulfur-doped graphene fibers (S-GFs) were prepared by the hydrothermal strategy, the in situ interfacial polymerization method and the annealing method. Two S-GFs were assembled into an all-solid-state fibriform micro-supercapacitor (micro-SC) that is flexible and has a high specific capacitance (4.55 mF·cm^-2) with the current density of 25.47 pA·cm^-2. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) curve of this micro-SC kept the rectangular shape well even when the scan rate reached 2 V·s^-1. There is a great potential for this type of S-GFs used in flexible wearable electronics.展开更多
CONSPECTUS:The urgent problems of water scarcity and the energy crisis have given rise to the development of a range of sustainable technologies with the great advancement of nanotechnologies and advent of attractive ...CONSPECTUS:The urgent problems of water scarcity and the energy crisis have given rise to the development of a range of sustainable technologies with the great advancement of nanotechnologies and advent of attractive nanomaterials.Graphene oxides(GO),a derivative of graphene with an atom-thin thickness and abundant oxygen-containing functional groups(such as−OH,−COOH),are water-soluble and can be assembled into a variety of structures(such as fiber,membrane,and foam)with great potential in environmental and energy-related fields.As a typical precursor of graphene,GO can be easily reduced to graphene by chemical or thermal treatments to demonstrate excellent photothermal properties as well as tunable thermal conduction,which is highly desirable for efficient solar-driven water evaporation.The intrinsic large specific area of GO nanosheets can provide enough sites for ions adsorption and its porous assemblies facilitate the transport of water.In addition,the abundant functional groups allow the spontaneous adsorption of water molecules from the ambient environment and give birth to movable ions(usually protons)under the solvation effect.Once a chemical gradient is formed on the component,a remarkable electricity is generated from the directional transport of protons.Thanks to the excellent chemical properties of GO nanosheets,a wide range of assemblies with 1D aligned fibers,2D layered membranes and 3D porous foam can be easily fabricated by wet-spinning,solution-filtration,and freezingdrying methods.The various GO assemblies are able to exhibit abundant functions with remarkable weaving capability for GO fibers,superior flexibility for GO membranes,and exceptional adsorption capacity for GO foams.In light of all the advantages,GO and its assemblies are remarkably promising in the fields of sustainable development to meet the pressing challenges of water and energy crisis.In this Account,we will discuss the progress of clean-water production and green-electricity generation technologies based on GO assemblies.The fundamental working mechanism,optimization strategies,and promising applications are explored with an emphasis on the materials development.We also discuss the functions of GO assemblies in the water and electricity generation process and present their limitations and possible solutions.Current challenges and promising directions for the development of clean-water production and green-electricity generation are also demonstrated for their realistic implementations.We anticipate that this Account would promote more efforts toward fundamental research on graphene functionalization and encourage a broad exploration on the application of graphene assemblies in clean-water production and electric power generation systems.展开更多
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality(2222075)National Natural Science Foundation of China(22279010,21671020,51673026)Analysis&Testing Center,Beijing Institute of Technology.
文摘Moisture-enabled electricity(ME)is a method of converting the potential energy of water in the external environment into electrical energy through the interaction of functional materials with water molecules and can be directly applied to energy harvesting and signal expression.However,ME can be unreliable in numerous applications due to its sluggish response to moisture,thus sacrificing the value of fast energy harvesting and highly accurate information representation.Here,by constructing a moisture-electric-moisture-sensitive(ME-MS)heterostructure,we develop an efficient ME generator with ultra-fast electric response to moisture achieved by triggering Grotthuss protons hopping in the sensitized ZnO,which modulates the heterostructure built-in interfacial potential,enables quick response(0.435 s),an unprecedented ultra-fast response rate of 972.4 mV s^(−1),and a durable electrical signal output for 8 h without any attenuation.Our research provides an efficient way to generate electricity and important insight for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of moisture-generated carrier migration in ME generator,which has a more comprehensive working scene and can serve as a typical model for human health monitoring and smart medical electronics design.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22104021,52303075,and 22309105)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2023QB227)+1 种基金Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province(No.2022A1515110014)Taishan Young Scholar Program(Nos.tsqn202306267 and tsqnz20231235).
文摘The issue of sensitivity attenuation in high-pressure region has been a persistent concern for pressure-sensitive electronic skins.In order to tackle such trade-off between sensitivity and linear range,herein,a hybrid piezoresistive-supercapacitive(HRSC)strategy is proposed via introducing a piezoresistive porous aerogel layer between the charge collecting electrodes and iontronic films of the pressure sensors.Surprisingly,the HRSC-induced impedance regulation and supercapacitive behavior contribute to significant mitigation in sensitivity attenuation,achieving high sensitivity across wide linear range(44.58 kPa^(−1)from 0 to 3 kPa and 23.6 kPa^(−1)from 3 to 12 kPa).The HRSC pressure sensor exhibits a low detection limit of 1 Pa,fast responsiveness(~130 ms),and excellent cycling stability,allowing to detect tiny pressure of air flow,finger bending,and human respiration.Meanwhile,the HRSC sensor exhibits exceptional perception capabilities for proximity and temperature,broadening its application scenarios in prosthetic perception and electronic skin.The proposed HRSC strategy may boost the ongoing research on structural design of high-performance and multimodal electronic sensors.
基金NSFC,Grant/Award Numbers:22075019,22035005National Key R&D Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2017YFB1104300。
文摘The vigorous development in the field of energy conversion and storage devices directly contributes to the full utilization and convenient use of clean energy.However,some drawbacks of independent energy conversion and storage devices,including unstable,insufficient energy output and dependence on external power supply,are difficult to overcome by self-optimization,thus,hindering their further development and direct application.Coincidentally,the combination of above two devices can solve these problems,which conforms to their intrinsic needs for development.At the same time,the pursuit of portability and miniaturization also promotes the development of the power system toward a highly integrated direction.Therefore,we introduce several integration modes of energy conversion and storage systems,with emphasis on all-in-one power system,possessing the highest integration in this review.From the aspect of device configuration,working mechanisms and their performances,the all-inone power systems based on different energy sources(e.g.,mechanical,solar,thermal,and chemical energy)are discussed and analyzed.Finally,the design strategies are summarized and the potential development directions in the future are proposed.This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of highly integrated energy conversion and storage system,and seeks to point out the opportunities and orientations of future research in this field.
文摘A novel type of sulfur-doped graphene fibers (S-GFs) were prepared by the hydrothermal strategy, the in situ interfacial polymerization method and the annealing method. Two S-GFs were assembled into an all-solid-state fibriform micro-supercapacitor (micro-SC) that is flexible and has a high specific capacitance (4.55 mF·cm^-2) with the current density of 25.47 pA·cm^-2. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) curve of this micro-SC kept the rectangular shape well even when the scan rate reached 2 V·s^-1. There is a great potential for this type of S-GFs used in flexible wearable electronics.
基金supported by the financial support from the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFB1104300,2016YFA0200200)National Science Foundation of China(No.22035005,21674056,52073159,52022051,22075165),NSFC-STINT(21911530143)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019M660474).
文摘CONSPECTUS:The urgent problems of water scarcity and the energy crisis have given rise to the development of a range of sustainable technologies with the great advancement of nanotechnologies and advent of attractive nanomaterials.Graphene oxides(GO),a derivative of graphene with an atom-thin thickness and abundant oxygen-containing functional groups(such as−OH,−COOH),are water-soluble and can be assembled into a variety of structures(such as fiber,membrane,and foam)with great potential in environmental and energy-related fields.As a typical precursor of graphene,GO can be easily reduced to graphene by chemical or thermal treatments to demonstrate excellent photothermal properties as well as tunable thermal conduction,which is highly desirable for efficient solar-driven water evaporation.The intrinsic large specific area of GO nanosheets can provide enough sites for ions adsorption and its porous assemblies facilitate the transport of water.In addition,the abundant functional groups allow the spontaneous adsorption of water molecules from the ambient environment and give birth to movable ions(usually protons)under the solvation effect.Once a chemical gradient is formed on the component,a remarkable electricity is generated from the directional transport of protons.Thanks to the excellent chemical properties of GO nanosheets,a wide range of assemblies with 1D aligned fibers,2D layered membranes and 3D porous foam can be easily fabricated by wet-spinning,solution-filtration,and freezingdrying methods.The various GO assemblies are able to exhibit abundant functions with remarkable weaving capability for GO fibers,superior flexibility for GO membranes,and exceptional adsorption capacity for GO foams.In light of all the advantages,GO and its assemblies are remarkably promising in the fields of sustainable development to meet the pressing challenges of water and energy crisis.In this Account,we will discuss the progress of clean-water production and green-electricity generation technologies based on GO assemblies.The fundamental working mechanism,optimization strategies,and promising applications are explored with an emphasis on the materials development.We also discuss the functions of GO assemblies in the water and electricity generation process and present their limitations and possible solutions.Current challenges and promising directions for the development of clean-water production and green-electricity generation are also demonstrated for their realistic implementations.We anticipate that this Account would promote more efforts toward fundamental research on graphene functionalization and encourage a broad exploration on the application of graphene assemblies in clean-water production and electric power generation systems.
