To reveal the microbial community composition of regional shallow porous brackish groundwater and its response characteristics to groundwater environment,the first and second aquifers in Taocheng District,Hengshui Cit...To reveal the microbial community composition of regional shallow porous brackish groundwater and its response characteristics to groundwater environment,the first and second aquifers in Taocheng District,Hengshui City were selected,and 10 groundwater source samples were collected for hydrochemical analysis and microbial 16S RNA gene V4-V5 regional sequencing.The results showed that the shallow brackish groundwater in the study area is weakly alkaline and has high ion content.The hydrochemical types are SO_(4)·Cl-Na·Mg type and HCO3·Cl-Na·Mg type as a whole.The spatial zonation of the abundance and diversity of groundwater microorganisms is obvious.The number of endemic bacteria in groundwater from upstream,midstream to downstream is 11,135 and 22 respectively,with a total of 22 bacteria.Proteobacteria is the most dominant in groundwater level(38.82%-86.88%),and there are obvious differences in different sections.At the genus level,the main dominant species in each group and sample are Pseudomonas and Hydrogenophaga.In terms of composition difference,Pseudohongiella,Pseudorhodobacter and Limnohabitans are the representatives of UR,MR and LR.On the whole,the composition of flora in groundwater in the study area is sensitive and closely related to hydrochemical processes.Species abundance is affected by alkaline and high salinity environmental indicators,while species diversity is related to depth and dissolved oxygen in weak reduction environment.展开更多
The static pressure recovery of low-pressure exhaust hood is important for the overall effectiveness of steam turbines.The tubular and plate stiffeners inside the exhaust contribute to the structural safety of exhaust...The static pressure recovery of low-pressure exhaust hood is important for the overall effectiveness of steam turbines.The tubular and plate stiffeners inside the exhaust contribute to the structural safety of exhaust,which affect the aerodynamic performance.Given the complicated exhaust model coupled with the last stage of turbine,this paper intends to investigate the aerodynamic performance of exhaust hood with individual stiffeners using highfidelity numerical simulations in order to figure out the corresponding effects.The results show that(1)the types of stiffeners have different effects on the aerodynamic performance;and(2)different installation positions and types of plate stiffeners have different effects on aerodynamic performance.The above investigations highlight the future demand regarding reasonable layout and quantity of stiffeners to improve the aerodynamic performance of exhaust as well as maintaining the structural safety.展开更多
It is well known that the efficiency of a steam turbine is affected by the pressure recovery performance of its low-pressure exhaust hood,and therefore,parametric analysis of the exhaust hood is of great importance in...It is well known that the efficiency of a steam turbine is affected by the pressure recovery performance of its low-pressure exhaust hood,and therefore,parametric analysis of the exhaust hood is of great importance in the steam turbine design process.In recent years,computationally inexpensive metamodels have been widely used in the parametric analysis of exhaust hood.However,the prediction accuracy of metamodels is highly dependent on the number and distribution of sample points in the design space.The purpose of active learning is selecting informative samples sequentially to obtain an accurate metamodel within a reasonable computational budget.However,the impact of active learning on the accuracy of metamodels such as exhaust hood parameter analysis has not been fully explored.Therefore,this paper investigates and compares four representative active learning methods on the parametric modeling of turbine exhaust hoods,and the comparison results highlight the advantages of active learning and the analysis of the exhaust hood based on the metamodel with the highest accuracy.展开更多
A circuit model of the Amperometric immunosensor for use in the biosensor system-on-chip simulation is proposed in this paper.The model parameters are extracted with several methods and verified by MATLAB and SPICE si...A circuit model of the Amperometric immunosensor for use in the biosensor system-on-chip simulation is proposed in this paper.The model parameters are extracted with several methods and verified by MATLAB and SPICE simulation.A CMOS potentiostat circuit required for conditioning the Amperometric immunosensor is also included in the circuit model.The mean square error norm of the simulated curve against the measured one is 8.65×10^(-17) The whole circuit has been fabricated in a 0.35μm CMOS process.展开更多
The Dianchi golden-line barbel,Sinocyclocheilus grahami(Regan,1904),is one of the“Four Famous Fishes”of Yunnan Province,China.Given its economic value,this species has been artificially bred successfully since 2007,...The Dianchi golden-line barbel,Sinocyclocheilus grahami(Regan,1904),is one of the“Four Famous Fishes”of Yunnan Province,China.Given its economic value,this species has been artificially bred successfully since 2007,with a nationally selected breed(“S.grahami,Bayou No.1”)certified in 2018.For the future utilization of this species,its growth rate,disease resistance,and wild adaptability need to be improved,which could be achieved with the help of molecular markerassisted selection(MAS).In the current study,we constructed the first chromosome-level genome of S.grahami,assembled 48 pseudo-chromosomes,and obtained a genome size of 1.49 Gb.We also performed QTL-seq analysis of S.grahami using the highest and lowest bulks(i.e.,largest and smallest size)in both a sibling and random population.We screened two quantitative trait loci(QTLs)(Chr3,14.9-39.1 Mb and Chr17,4.1-27.4 Mb)as major growth-related locations.Several candidate genes(e.g.,map2k5,stat1,phf21a,sox6,and smad6)were also identified,with functions related to growth,such as cell differentiation,neuronal development,skeletal muscle development,chondrogenesis,and immunity.These results built a solid foundation for in-depth MAS studies on the growth traits of S.grahami.展开更多
A novel solid-liquid-core fiber-optic biosensor was fabricated for highly sensitive and selective detection of 4-chlorophenol in water.The sensor comprised horseradish peroxidase(HRP)-coated U-shaped liquidcore optica...A novel solid-liquid-core fiber-optic biosensor was fabricated for highly sensitive and selective detection of 4-chlorophenol in water.The sensor comprised horseradish peroxidase(HRP)-coated U-shaped liquidcore optical fiber(LCOF)and 4-chlorophenol permselective polymer membrane.The U-shaped LCOF was flled with ethanol suspension of SiO_(2)particles and the polymer membrane was composed of molecularly imprinted polymer,sulfonated polyethersulfone,and polysulfone.The morphology,composition,and surface luminous properties of the sensing region were examined.The effects of the diameter and content of SiO_(2)particles and temperature of 4-chlorophenol solutions on the sensitivity of the biosensors were investigated.Further,the sensitivity,selectivity,response time,and limit of detection(LOD)of the biosensors was investigated.In addition,the effects of fiber core materials on the light transmission in sensing region were investigated and a biosensor sensing model was established.The proposed sensor exhibited high selectivity for 4-chlorophenol with satisfactory sensitivity,LOD,and response time:-1.18(μg/L)^(-1),30μg/L,and 400 s,respectively.The results are expected to aid in the development of methods for enhancing sensitivity of fiber-optic sensors and surface luminous intensity of optical fibers.展开更多
Tetanic stimulation of the sciatic nerve(TSS)triggers long-term potentiation in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord and long-lasting pain hypersensitivity. CX3CL1-CX3CR1 signaling is an important pathway in neuronalmic...Tetanic stimulation of the sciatic nerve(TSS)triggers long-term potentiation in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord and long-lasting pain hypersensitivity. CX3CL1-CX3CR1 signaling is an important pathway in neuronalmicroglial activation. Nuclear factor κB(NF-κB) is a key signal transduction molecule that regulates neuroinflammation and neuropathic pain. Here, we set out to determine whether and how NF-κB and CX3CR1 are involved in the mechanism underlying the pathological changes induced by TSS. After unilateral TSS, significant bilateral mechanical allodynia was induced, as assessed by the von Frey test. The expression of phosphorylated NF-κB(pNF-κB) and CX3CR1 was significantly up-regulated in the bilateral dorsal horn. Immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that pNF-KB and NeuN co-existed, implying that the NF-κB pathway is predominantly activated in neurons following TSS. Administration of either the NF-κB inhibitor ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate or a CX3CR1-neutralizing antibody blocked the development and maintenance of neuropathic pain. In addition, blockade of NF-κB downregulated the expression of CX3 CL1-CX3CR1 signaling,and conversely the CX3CR1-neutralizing antibody also down-regulated pNF-κB. These findings suggest an involvement of NF-κB and the CX3CR1 signaling network in the development and maintenance of TSS-induced mechanical allodynia. Our work suggests the potential clinical application of NF-κB inhibitors or CX3CR1-neutralizing antibodies in treating pathological pain.展开更多
With the rapid development of next-generation sequencing technologies and bioinformatics, over 50 ray-finned fish genomes by far have been sequenced with high quality. The genomic work provides abundant genetic resour...With the rapid development of next-generation sequencing technologies and bioinformatics, over 50 ray-finned fish genomes by far have been sequenced with high quality. The genomic work provides abundant genetic resources for deep understanding of divergence, evolution and adaptation in the fish genomes. They are also instructive for identification of candidate genes for functional verification, molecular breeding, and development of novel marine drugs. As an example of other omics data, the Fish-T1 K project generated a big database of fish transcriptomes to integrate with these published fish genomes for potential applications. In this review, we highlight the above-mentioned recent investigations and core topics on the ray-finned fish genome research, with a main goal to obtain a deeper understanding of fish biology for theoretical and practical applications.展开更多
As a living fossil, the endangered Chinese sturgeon(Acipenser sinensis) has been considered a national treasure in China. Here,the famous Gezhouba Dam and Three Gorges Dam on the Yangtze River were built in 1988 and 2...As a living fossil, the endangered Chinese sturgeon(Acipenser sinensis) has been considered a national treasure in China. Here,the famous Gezhouba Dam and Three Gorges Dam on the Yangtze River were built in 1988 and 2006, for economic purposes.The natural population of Chinese sturgeon has declined since then, as these dams block its migratory route to the original spawning grounds in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. In 2013 and 2014, there was an absence of spawning where it typically happened near the Gezhouba Dam. Nevertheless, from April to June in 2015, over 1,000 larvae with different body lengths(10–35 cm) were detected along the Shanghai Yangtze Estuary; but only little is currently known about the population genetic structure of the Chinese sturgeon. Herein, we inferred population genetic parameters from 462 available Chinese sturgeon specimens based on a 421-bp fragment of the mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA) D-loop region and 1,481,620 SNPs(singlenucleotide polymorphisms) generated by restriction site-associated DNA sequencing(RAD-seq). For the D-loop dataset, 15 haplotypes were determined. Randomly picked 23 individuals, representing the 15 D-loop haplotype groups, were subsequently used for further RAD-seq validation. The average nucleotide diversity calculated from the mtDNA and RAD datasets was 0.0086 and 0.000478, respectively. The overall effective female population size was calculated to be 1,255 to 2,607, and the long-term effective population size was estimated to range from 11,950 to 119,500. We observed that the genetic variability and the effective female population size of the current population in the Yangtze River are severely low, which are similar to the data reported over 10 years ago. The deduced relatively small effective population of female fish, limiting the genetic connectivity among Chinese sturgeon, should be considered a serious threat to this endangered species.展开更多
On June 17 of 2016,a group of scientists from Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences(CAFS)and Shenzhen BGI Fisheries Sci&Tech Co.Ltd.(BGI Fisheries)met together in Shenzhen,China to launch a novel project,the China A...On June 17 of 2016,a group of scientists from Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences(CAFS)and Shenzhen BGI Fisheries Sci&Tech Co.Ltd.(BGI Fisheries)met together in Shenzhen,China to launch a novel project,the China Aquatic 10-100-1,000 Genomics Program,to conduct molecular breeding of^10 aquaculture species and sequence genomes of^100 and transcriptomes of^1,000 aquatic species.The main objective of this project is to build展开更多
Cone snail venoms have been considered a valuable treasure for international scientists and businessmen, mainly due to theirpharmacological applications in development of marine drugs for treatment of various human di...Cone snail venoms have been considered a valuable treasure for international scientists and businessmen, mainly due to theirpharmacological applications in development of marine drugs for treatment of various human diseases. To date, around 800Conus species are recorded, and each of them produces over 1,000 venom peptides (termed as conopeptides or conotoxins).This reflects the high diversity and complexity of cone snails, although most of their venoms are still uncharacterized.Advanced multiomics (such as genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics) approaches have been recently developed to minediverse Conus venom samples, with the main aim to predict and identify potentially interesting conopeptides in an efficientway. Some bioinformatics techniques have been applied to predict and design novel conopeptide sequences, related targets, andtheir binding modes. This review provides an overview of current knowledge on the high diversity of conopeptides andmultiomics advances in high-throughput prediction of novel conopeptide sequences, as well as molecular modeling and designof potential drugs based on the predicted or validated interactions between these toxins and their molecular targets.展开更多
基金This work was financially supported by National key R&D plan(2019YFC1804804)Special project of national basic resources survey(2017FY100401)+1 种基金Sub task of National Major Water Science and Technology Project(2018ZX07109-001-02)National Natural Science Foundation(21976044).
文摘To reveal the microbial community composition of regional shallow porous brackish groundwater and its response characteristics to groundwater environment,the first and second aquifers in Taocheng District,Hengshui City were selected,and 10 groundwater source samples were collected for hydrochemical analysis and microbial 16S RNA gene V4-V5 regional sequencing.The results showed that the shallow brackish groundwater in the study area is weakly alkaline and has high ion content.The hydrochemical types are SO_(4)·Cl-Na·Mg type and HCO3·Cl-Na·Mg type as a whole.The spatial zonation of the abundance and diversity of groundwater microorganisms is obvious.The number of endemic bacteria in groundwater from upstream,midstream to downstream is 11,135 and 22 respectively,with a total of 22 bacteria.Proteobacteria is the most dominant in groundwater level(38.82%-86.88%),and there are obvious differences in different sections.At the genus level,the main dominant species in each group and sample are Pseudomonas and Hydrogenophaga.In terms of composition difference,Pseudohongiella,Pseudorhodobacter and Limnohabitans are the representatives of UR,MR and LR.On the whole,the composition of flora in groundwater in the study area is sensitive and closely related to hydrochemical processes.Species abundance is affected by alkaline and high salinity environmental indicators,while species diversity is related to depth and dissolved oxygen in weak reduction environment.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(52005074)Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(2022-MS-135)。
文摘The static pressure recovery of low-pressure exhaust hood is important for the overall effectiveness of steam turbines.The tubular and plate stiffeners inside the exhaust contribute to the structural safety of exhaust,which affect the aerodynamic performance.Given the complicated exhaust model coupled with the last stage of turbine,this paper intends to investigate the aerodynamic performance of exhaust hood with individual stiffeners using highfidelity numerical simulations in order to figure out the corresponding effects.The results show that(1)the types of stiffeners have different effects on the aerodynamic performance;and(2)different installation positions and types of plate stiffeners have different effects on aerodynamic performance.The above investigations highlight the future demand regarding reasonable layout and quantity of stiffeners to improve the aerodynamic performance of exhaust as well as maintaining the structural safety.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(52005074)Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(2022-MS-135)。
文摘It is well known that the efficiency of a steam turbine is affected by the pressure recovery performance of its low-pressure exhaust hood,and therefore,parametric analysis of the exhaust hood is of great importance in the steam turbine design process.In recent years,computationally inexpensive metamodels have been widely used in the parametric analysis of exhaust hood.However,the prediction accuracy of metamodels is highly dependent on the number and distribution of sample points in the design space.The purpose of active learning is selecting informative samples sequentially to obtain an accurate metamodel within a reasonable computational budget.However,the impact of active learning on the accuracy of metamodels such as exhaust hood parameter analysis has not been fully explored.Therefore,this paper investigates and compares four representative active learning methods on the parametric modeling of turbine exhaust hoods,and the comparison results highlight the advantages of active learning and the analysis of the exhaust hood based on the metamodel with the highest accuracy.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.90307014
文摘A circuit model of the Amperometric immunosensor for use in the biosensor system-on-chip simulation is proposed in this paper.The model parameters are extracted with several methods and verified by MATLAB and SPICE simulation.A CMOS potentiostat circuit required for conditioning the Amperometric immunosensor is also included in the circuit model.The mean square error norm of the simulated curve against the measured one is 8.65×10^(-17) The whole circuit has been fabricated in a 0.35μm CMOS process.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31672282,U1702233,U1902202)Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA24030505,XDA23080500,KFJ-STS-QYZD-101)Program of Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department(202003AD150017,2018FY001-007)。
文摘The Dianchi golden-line barbel,Sinocyclocheilus grahami(Regan,1904),is one of the“Four Famous Fishes”of Yunnan Province,China.Given its economic value,this species has been artificially bred successfully since 2007,with a nationally selected breed(“S.grahami,Bayou No.1”)certified in 2018.For the future utilization of this species,its growth rate,disease resistance,and wild adaptability need to be improved,which could be achieved with the help of molecular markerassisted selection(MAS).In the current study,we constructed the first chromosome-level genome of S.grahami,assembled 48 pseudo-chromosomes,and obtained a genome size of 1.49 Gb.We also performed QTL-seq analysis of S.grahami using the highest and lowest bulks(i.e.,largest and smallest size)in both a sibling and random population.We screened two quantitative trait loci(QTLs)(Chr3,14.9-39.1 Mb and Chr17,4.1-27.4 Mb)as major growth-related locations.Several candidate genes(e.g.,map2k5,stat1,phf21a,sox6,and smad6)were also identified,with functions related to growth,such as cell differentiation,neuronal development,skeletal muscle development,chondrogenesis,and immunity.These results built a solid foundation for in-depth MAS studies on the growth traits of S.grahami.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Nos.U19A20107,52176178 and 51876018)Innovation Research Group of Universities in Chongqing(No.CXQT21035)+1 种基金Chongqing Natural Science Foundation Innovation and Development Joint Fund Project(No.CSTB2022NSCQ-LZX0059)the Scientific and Technological Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission of China(No.KJZD-M202201101).
文摘A novel solid-liquid-core fiber-optic biosensor was fabricated for highly sensitive and selective detection of 4-chlorophenol in water.The sensor comprised horseradish peroxidase(HRP)-coated U-shaped liquidcore optical fiber(LCOF)and 4-chlorophenol permselective polymer membrane.The U-shaped LCOF was flled with ethanol suspension of SiO_(2)particles and the polymer membrane was composed of molecularly imprinted polymer,sulfonated polyethersulfone,and polysulfone.The morphology,composition,and surface luminous properties of the sensing region were examined.The effects of the diameter and content of SiO_(2)particles and temperature of 4-chlorophenol solutions on the sensitivity of the biosensors were investigated.Further,the sensitivity,selectivity,response time,and limit of detection(LOD)of the biosensors was investigated.In addition,the effects of fiber core materials on the light transmission in sensing region were investigated and a biosensor sensing model was established.The proposed sensor exhibited high selectivity for 4-chlorophenol with satisfactory sensitivity,LOD,and response time:-1.18(μg/L)^(-1),30μg/L,and 400 s,respectively.The results are expected to aid in the development of methods for enhancing sensitivity of fiber-optic sensors and surface luminous intensity of optical fibers.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81471130,31420103903,and 31421091)a Development Project of Shanghai Peak Disciplines Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine
文摘Tetanic stimulation of the sciatic nerve(TSS)triggers long-term potentiation in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord and long-lasting pain hypersensitivity. CX3CL1-CX3CR1 signaling is an important pathway in neuronalmicroglial activation. Nuclear factor κB(NF-κB) is a key signal transduction molecule that regulates neuroinflammation and neuropathic pain. Here, we set out to determine whether and how NF-κB and CX3CR1 are involved in the mechanism underlying the pathological changes induced by TSS. After unilateral TSS, significant bilateral mechanical allodynia was induced, as assessed by the von Frey test. The expression of phosphorylated NF-κB(pNF-κB) and CX3CR1 was significantly up-regulated in the bilateral dorsal horn. Immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that pNF-KB and NeuN co-existed, implying that the NF-κB pathway is predominantly activated in neurons following TSS. Administration of either the NF-κB inhibitor ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate or a CX3CR1-neutralizing antibody blocked the development and maintenance of neuropathic pain. In addition, blockade of NF-κB downregulated the expression of CX3 CL1-CX3CR1 signaling,and conversely the CX3CR1-neutralizing antibody also down-regulated pNF-κB. These findings suggest an involvement of NF-κB and the CX3CR1 signaling network in the development and maintenance of TSS-induced mechanical allodynia. Our work suggests the potential clinical application of NF-κB inhibitors or CX3CR1-neutralizing antibodies in treating pathological pain.
基金supported by Shenzhen Special Program for Development of Emerging Strategic Industries (JSGG20170412153411369)Shenzhen Special Program for Upgrading Key Links to Strategies for the Emerging and Future Industries (20170428173357698)
文摘With the rapid development of next-generation sequencing technologies and bioinformatics, over 50 ray-finned fish genomes by far have been sequenced with high quality. The genomic work provides abundant genetic resources for deep understanding of divergence, evolution and adaptation in the fish genomes. They are also instructive for identification of candidate genes for functional verification, molecular breeding, and development of novel marine drugs. As an example of other omics data, the Fish-T1 K project generated a big database of fish transcriptomes to integrate with these published fish genomes for potential applications. In this review, we highlight the above-mentioned recent investigations and core topics on the ray-finned fish genome research, with a main goal to obtain a deeper understanding of fish biology for theoretical and practical applications.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (31370047, U1301252)Shenzhen Scientific R & D Grant (GJHS20160331150703934)+1 种基金Shenzhen Dapeng Special Program for Industrial Development (KY20160102)Zhenjiang Leading Talent Program for Innovation and Entrepreneurship
文摘As a living fossil, the endangered Chinese sturgeon(Acipenser sinensis) has been considered a national treasure in China. Here,the famous Gezhouba Dam and Three Gorges Dam on the Yangtze River were built in 1988 and 2006, for economic purposes.The natural population of Chinese sturgeon has declined since then, as these dams block its migratory route to the original spawning grounds in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. In 2013 and 2014, there was an absence of spawning where it typically happened near the Gezhouba Dam. Nevertheless, from April to June in 2015, over 1,000 larvae with different body lengths(10–35 cm) were detected along the Shanghai Yangtze Estuary; but only little is currently known about the population genetic structure of the Chinese sturgeon. Herein, we inferred population genetic parameters from 462 available Chinese sturgeon specimens based on a 421-bp fragment of the mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA) D-loop region and 1,481,620 SNPs(singlenucleotide polymorphisms) generated by restriction site-associated DNA sequencing(RAD-seq). For the D-loop dataset, 15 haplotypes were determined. Randomly picked 23 individuals, representing the 15 D-loop haplotype groups, were subsequently used for further RAD-seq validation. The average nucleotide diversity calculated from the mtDNA and RAD datasets was 0.0086 and 0.000478, respectively. The overall effective female population size was calculated to be 1,255 to 2,607, and the long-term effective population size was estimated to range from 11,950 to 119,500. We observed that the genetic variability and the effective female population size of the current population in the Yangtze River are severely low, which are similar to the data reported over 10 years ago. The deduced relatively small effective population of female fish, limiting the genetic connectivity among Chinese sturgeon, should be considered a serious threat to this endangered species.
基金supported by Special Project on the Integration of Industry,Education and Research of Guangdong Province (2013B090800017)Shenzhen Special Program for Future Industrial Development(JSGG20141020113728803)Quality Inspection Programs of Scientific Research Project(2015IK246)
文摘On June 17 of 2016,a group of scientists from Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences(CAFS)and Shenzhen BGI Fisheries Sci&Tech Co.Ltd.(BGI Fisheries)met together in Shenzhen,China to launch a novel project,the China Aquatic 10-100-1,000 Genomics Program,to conduct molecular breeding of^10 aquaculture species and sequence genomes of^100 and transcriptomes of^1,000 aquatic species.The main objective of this project is to build
基金Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(820RC636)Special Scientific Research Project of Hainan Academician Innovation Platform(YSPTZX202132)Hainan Province Science and Technology Special Fund(ZDYF2021SHFZ222).
文摘Cone snail venoms have been considered a valuable treasure for international scientists and businessmen, mainly due to theirpharmacological applications in development of marine drugs for treatment of various human diseases. To date, around 800Conus species are recorded, and each of them produces over 1,000 venom peptides (termed as conopeptides or conotoxins).This reflects the high diversity and complexity of cone snails, although most of their venoms are still uncharacterized.Advanced multiomics (such as genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics) approaches have been recently developed to minediverse Conus venom samples, with the main aim to predict and identify potentially interesting conopeptides in an efficientway. Some bioinformatics techniques have been applied to predict and design novel conopeptide sequences, related targets, andtheir binding modes. This review provides an overview of current knowledge on the high diversity of conopeptides andmultiomics advances in high-throughput prediction of novel conopeptide sequences, as well as molecular modeling and designof potential drugs based on the predicted or validated interactions between these toxins and their molecular targets.
