背景与目的探讨不同部位的肺叶切除术后患者肺容积减少与患者肺功能损害程度的相关性。方法本研究共纳入苏州大学附属第一医院2019年1月-2020年7月行胸腔镜肺叶切除术的131例患者(包括左肺上叶,左肺下叶,右肺上叶,右肺中叶,右肺下叶切除...背景与目的探讨不同部位的肺叶切除术后患者肺容积减少与患者肺功能损害程度的相关性。方法本研究共纳入苏州大学附属第一医院2019年1月-2020年7月行胸腔镜肺叶切除术的131例患者(包括左肺上叶,左肺下叶,右肺上叶,右肺中叶,右肺下叶切除术;其中男性72例,女性59例)。为了比较患者术后肺功能与术前肺功能的差异,分别于术前7天和术后3个月、6个月及1年记录患者的肺功能测量值。采用1秒用力呼气量(forced expiratory volume in 1second,FEV_(1))作为肺功能变化的主要评估参数。采用Mimics Research 19.0软件计算出患者的原始肺容积,各阶段存留的肺容积。分析患者肺容积在上述时间节点与患者肺功能变化的相关性。结果术后患者FEV1较术前降低,下降程度与肺叶的切除体积呈正相关(其中左下肺下降较为明显)。值得注意的是,患者的肺功能降低程度在术后3个月、6个月与1年的差异无统计学意义。结论肺叶切除术后肺组织的容积减少是患者肺功能减少的主要原因,以左肺下叶表现为著,最早可选定术后3个月作为肺叶切除患者残留肺功能的评估节点。展开更多
BACKGROUND Pancreatic fistula is one of the most serious complications after pancreatoduodenectomy for treating any lesions at the pancreatic head. For years, surgeons have tried various methods to reduce its incidenc...BACKGROUND Pancreatic fistula is one of the most serious complications after pancreatoduodenectomy for treating any lesions at the pancreatic head. For years, surgeons have tried various methods to reduce its incidence. AIM To investigate and emphasize the clinical outcomes of Blumgart anastomosis compared with traditional anastomosis in reducing postoperative pancreatic fistula. METHODS In this observational study, a retrospective analysis of 291 patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy, including Blumgart anastomosis (201 patients) and traditional embedded pancreaticojejunostomy (90 patients), was performed in our hospital. The preoperative and perioperative courses and longterm follow-up status were analyzed to compare the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods. Moreover, 291 patients were then separated by the severity of postoperative pancreatic fistula, and two methods of pancreaticojejunostomy were compared to detect the features of different anastomosis. Six experienced surgeons were involved and all of them were proficient in both surgical techniques.RESULTS The characteristics of the patients in the two groups showed no significant differences, nor the preoperative information and pathological diagnoses. The operative time was significantly shorter in the Blumgart group (343.5 ± 23.0 vs 450.0 ± 40.1 min, P = 0.028), as well as the duration of pancreaticojejunostomy drainage tube placement and postoperative hospital stay (12.7 ± 0.9 d vs 17.4 ± 1.8 d, P = 0.031;and 21.9 ± 1.3 d vs 28.9 ± 1.3 d, P = 0.020, respectively). The overall complications after surgery were much less in the Blumgart group than in the embedded group (11.9% vs 26.7%, P = 0.002). Patients who underwent Blumgart anastomosis would suffer less from severe pancreatic fistula (71.9% vs 50.0%, P = 0.006), and this pancreaticojejunostomy procedure did not have worse influences on long-term complications and life quality. Thus, Blumgart anastomosis is a feasible pancreaticojejunostomy procedure in pancreatoduodenectomy surgery. It is safe in causing less postoperative complications, especially pancreatic fistula, and thus shortens the hospitalization duration. CONCLUSION Surgical method should be a key factor in reducing pancreatic fistula, and Blumgart anastomosis needs further promotion.展开更多
Diabetic patients often have problems such as residual tumor and wound infection after tumor resection,causing severe clinical problems.It is urgent to develop effective therapies to reach oncotherapy/antiinfection/pr...Diabetic patients often have problems such as residual tumor and wound infection after tumor resection,causing severe clinical problems.It is urgent to develop effective therapies to reach oncotherapy/antiinfection/promotion of wound healing combined treatment.Herein,we propose CS/MnO_(2)-GO_x (CMGO_x)nanocatalysts for the specific catalytic generation of ~·OH to inhibit tumors and bacteria in a hyperglycemic environment.The good biocompatible chitosan (CS),as a carrier for the catalyst,exhibits excellent antibacterial effect as well as promotes wound healing.Glucose oxidase (GO_x) is loaded on the surface of CS nanoparticles to generate H_(2)O_(2) and gluconic acid by consuming glucose (starvation therapy,ST) and O_(2).The MnO_(2) depletes glutathione (GSH) to produce Mn^(2+),amplifying oxidative stress and further promoting the activity of Mn^(2+)-mediated Fenton-like reaction to produce~·OH (chemodynamic therapy,CDT)in weak acidic environment.Moreover,the produced gluconic acid lowers the p H of the environment,enhancing chemodynamic therapy (ECDT).The tumor cells and bacteria are efficiently eliminated by the synergistic effect of ST and ECDT.The MnO_(2) nanoparticles at neutral environment decomposes H_(2)O_(2) into O_(2),which cooperate with CS to promote healing.The self-enhanced cascade reaction of CMGO_x in situ exhibits excellent effects of antitumor/antibacterial therapy and promotion of wound healing,offering a promising integrated treatment for diabetic patients after tumor surgical resection.展开更多
Purpose： To extract protein, decrease the cellulose and facilitate the digestion and absorption of brewers＇ spent grain by animal. Topic： Discuss and optimize the hydrolysis conditions of the combined enzymatic hyd...Purpose： To extract protein, decrease the cellulose and facilitate the digestion and absorption of brewers＇ spent grain by animal. Topic： Discuss and optimize the hydrolysis conditions of the combined enzymatic hydrolysis by Novozymes. Method： The fresh brewers＇ spent grain was firstly dried, smashed and sifted. Then as indicators of the protein extraction rate in the enzyme solution and the content of cellulose in the index, the parameters of enzymatic hydrolysis, such as the solid-liquid ratio, reaction temperature, pH, enzyme dosage and reaction time, were investigated in detailed. After hydrolysis, the brewers＇ spent grain was put in the boiling water bath for inactivation for 15 minutes, and centrifuged, the supernatants were volume to 100 mL and the protein content was measured. After the precipitate was dried, the cellulose content was also measured. Achievements： The optimized conditions were with temperature of 50 ℃, pH 6.5, enzyme amount of 30 mg for Novozymes enzyme and 2.5 h for reaction time. Under these conditions, the protein extraction rate in the enzyme reaction reached 41.82%, and the cellulose content reached 13.90%, the degradation rate of cellulose was 18.86%.展开更多
The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic is an unpreedented global event.It has become clear that COVID-19 is transmitted by virus-containing droplets(>5μm)and aerosols(<5μm),and that all human exhalator...The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic is an unpreedented global event.It has become clear that COVID-19 is transmitted by virus-containing droplets(>5μm)and aerosols(<5μm),and that all human exhalatory activities(e.g.,breathing,speaking,singing,shouting,coughing,and sneezing)result in the emission of suspended droplets/aerosols of various sizes.As an example,COVID-19 patients exhale millions of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)RNA copies into the air per hour[1].SARS-CoV-2-laden aerosols play a profound role in disease transmission,as they can linger and remain viable in the air for a long duration(~16 h)[2]and travel a long distance(~4.8 m)due to their smaller size[3].展开更多
文摘背景与目的探讨不同部位的肺叶切除术后患者肺容积减少与患者肺功能损害程度的相关性。方法本研究共纳入苏州大学附属第一医院2019年1月-2020年7月行胸腔镜肺叶切除术的131例患者(包括左肺上叶,左肺下叶,右肺上叶,右肺中叶,右肺下叶切除术;其中男性72例,女性59例)。为了比较患者术后肺功能与术前肺功能的差异,分别于术前7天和术后3个月、6个月及1年记录患者的肺功能测量值。采用1秒用力呼气量(forced expiratory volume in 1second,FEV_(1))作为肺功能变化的主要评估参数。采用Mimics Research 19.0软件计算出患者的原始肺容积,各阶段存留的肺容积。分析患者肺容积在上述时间节点与患者肺功能变化的相关性。结果术后患者FEV1较术前降低,下降程度与肺叶的切除体积呈正相关(其中左下肺下降较为明显)。值得注意的是,患者的肺功能降低程度在术后3个月、6个月与1年的差异无统计学意义。结论肺叶切除术后肺组织的容积减少是患者肺功能减少的主要原因,以左肺下叶表现为著,最早可选定术后3个月作为肺叶切除患者残留肺功能的评估节点。
文摘BACKGROUND Pancreatic fistula is one of the most serious complications after pancreatoduodenectomy for treating any lesions at the pancreatic head. For years, surgeons have tried various methods to reduce its incidence. AIM To investigate and emphasize the clinical outcomes of Blumgart anastomosis compared with traditional anastomosis in reducing postoperative pancreatic fistula. METHODS In this observational study, a retrospective analysis of 291 patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy, including Blumgart anastomosis (201 patients) and traditional embedded pancreaticojejunostomy (90 patients), was performed in our hospital. The preoperative and perioperative courses and longterm follow-up status were analyzed to compare the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods. Moreover, 291 patients were then separated by the severity of postoperative pancreatic fistula, and two methods of pancreaticojejunostomy were compared to detect the features of different anastomosis. Six experienced surgeons were involved and all of them were proficient in both surgical techniques.RESULTS The characteristics of the patients in the two groups showed no significant differences, nor the preoperative information and pathological diagnoses. The operative time was significantly shorter in the Blumgart group (343.5 ± 23.0 vs 450.0 ± 40.1 min, P = 0.028), as well as the duration of pancreaticojejunostomy drainage tube placement and postoperative hospital stay (12.7 ± 0.9 d vs 17.4 ± 1.8 d, P = 0.031;and 21.9 ± 1.3 d vs 28.9 ± 1.3 d, P = 0.020, respectively). The overall complications after surgery were much less in the Blumgart group than in the embedded group (11.9% vs 26.7%, P = 0.002). Patients who underwent Blumgart anastomosis would suffer less from severe pancreatic fistula (71.9% vs 50.0%, P = 0.006), and this pancreaticojejunostomy procedure did not have worse influences on long-term complications and life quality. Thus, Blumgart anastomosis is a feasible pancreaticojejunostomy procedure in pancreatoduodenectomy surgery. It is safe in causing less postoperative complications, especially pancreatic fistula, and thus shortens the hospitalization duration. CONCLUSION Surgical method should be a key factor in reducing pancreatic fistula, and Blumgart anastomosis needs further promotion.
基金supported by the Laboratory Animal Welfare and Ethics Committee of the Clinical Center of Shanghai First People's Hospital (No. 2020AWS0065)financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21978165, 92156020)+1 种基金Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai (No. 20DZ2255900)Class Ⅲ Peak Discipline of Shanghai—Materials Science and Engineering (High-Energy Beam Intelligent Processing and Green Manufacturing)。
文摘Diabetic patients often have problems such as residual tumor and wound infection after tumor resection,causing severe clinical problems.It is urgent to develop effective therapies to reach oncotherapy/antiinfection/promotion of wound healing combined treatment.Herein,we propose CS/MnO_(2)-GO_x (CMGO_x)nanocatalysts for the specific catalytic generation of ~·OH to inhibit tumors and bacteria in a hyperglycemic environment.The good biocompatible chitosan (CS),as a carrier for the catalyst,exhibits excellent antibacterial effect as well as promotes wound healing.Glucose oxidase (GO_x) is loaded on the surface of CS nanoparticles to generate H_(2)O_(2) and gluconic acid by consuming glucose (starvation therapy,ST) and O_(2).The MnO_(2) depletes glutathione (GSH) to produce Mn^(2+),amplifying oxidative stress and further promoting the activity of Mn^(2+)-mediated Fenton-like reaction to produce~·OH (chemodynamic therapy,CDT)in weak acidic environment.Moreover,the produced gluconic acid lowers the p H of the environment,enhancing chemodynamic therapy (ECDT).The tumor cells and bacteria are efficiently eliminated by the synergistic effect of ST and ECDT.The MnO_(2) nanoparticles at neutral environment decomposes H_(2)O_(2) into O_(2),which cooperate with CS to promote healing.The self-enhanced cascade reaction of CMGO_x in situ exhibits excellent effects of antitumor/antibacterial therapy and promotion of wound healing,offering a promising integrated treatment for diabetic patients after tumor surgical resection.
文摘Purpose： To extract protein, decrease the cellulose and facilitate the digestion and absorption of brewers＇ spent grain by animal. Topic： Discuss and optimize the hydrolysis conditions of the combined enzymatic hydrolysis by Novozymes. Method： The fresh brewers＇ spent grain was firstly dried, smashed and sifted. Then as indicators of the protein extraction rate in the enzyme solution and the content of cellulose in the index, the parameters of enzymatic hydrolysis, such as the solid-liquid ratio, reaction temperature, pH, enzyme dosage and reaction time, were investigated in detailed. After hydrolysis, the brewers＇ spent grain was put in the boiling water bath for inactivation for 15 minutes, and centrifuged, the supernatants were volume to 100 mL and the protein content was measured. After the precipitate was dried, the cellulose content was also measured. Achievements： The optimized conditions were with temperature of 50 ℃, pH 6.5, enzyme amount of 30 mg for Novozymes enzyme and 2.5 h for reaction time. Under these conditions, the protein extraction rate in the enzyme reaction reached 41.82%, and the cellulose content reached 13.90%, the degradation rate of cellulose was 18.86%.
基金supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health(NIEH)the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(GWTX05 and SWJC05)the Capital Health Development Scientific Research Project(2021-1G-2172)。
文摘The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic is an unpreedented global event.It has become clear that COVID-19 is transmitted by virus-containing droplets(>5μm)and aerosols(<5μm),and that all human exhalatory activities(e.g.,breathing,speaking,singing,shouting,coughing,and sneezing)result in the emission of suspended droplets/aerosols of various sizes.As an example,COVID-19 patients exhale millions of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)RNA copies into the air per hour[1].SARS-CoV-2-laden aerosols play a profound role in disease transmission,as they can linger and remain viable in the air for a long duration(~16 h)[2]and travel a long distance(~4.8 m)due to their smaller size[3].
