The objective of this study was to examine the early serum proteomic and inflammatory profiles of weaned piglets subjected to iron deficiency.Twelve healthy piglets(Duroc×Landrace×Large Yorkshire,body weight...The objective of this study was to examine the early serum proteomic and inflammatory profiles of weaned piglets subjected to iron deficiency.Twelve healthy piglets(Duroc×Landrace×Large Yorkshire,body weight:4.96±0.05 kg)were weaned at 21 days of age.Subsequently,these animals were randomly allocated to one of two groups,with six replicates in each group(maintaining a male-to-female ratio of 1:1),the control group(administered 100 mg/kg Fe as FeSO_(4)·H_(2)O)and L-Fe group(no additional Fe supplementation).The results showed that 42 days after initiating,compared with control group,routine blood analysis revealed a reduction in serum iron content,red blood cell(RBC)count,hemoglobin(HGB)content,hematocrit(HCT),and mean corpuscular volume(MCV)(P 0.05).During the early stages of iron deficiency,piglets exhibited increased villus height(VH)and the ratio of VH to crypt depth(CD)in the duodenum(P<0.05)and increased expression levels of iron transporters,including duodenal cytochrome(Cybrd),divalent metal transport 1(DMT1),and ferritin light chain(FTL)(P<0.05).Subsequently,isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation(iTRAQ)were used to identify serum proteins.Gene Ontology(GO)analysis of the differentially abundant proteins(DAP)revealed that 24 of the 30 DAP were involved in platelet function,immune response,cellular metabolism,transcription,and protein synthesis.Notably,prothrombin,asporin(ASPN),and Rac family small GTPase 3(RAC3)expression was induced,whereas glycoprotein Ib platelet subunit alpha(GPIbA)expression was decreased.This was accompanied by a substantial reduction in serum complement 3(C3)and complement 4(C4)contents(P<0.05),with elevated the contents of interleukin-1β(IL-1β),interleukin-4(IL-4),interleukin-6(IL-6),transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1),and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)(P<0.05).Our findings underscore the essential role of dietary iron supplementation in maintaining iron homeostasis and modulating inflammatory responses in piglets.展开更多
Iron is an important micronutrient that plays a vital role in host defenses and bacterial pathogenicity. As iron treatments increase the risk of infection by stimulating the growth and virulence of bacterial pathogens...Iron is an important micronutrient that plays a vital role in host defenses and bacterial pathogenicity. As iron treatments increase the risk of infection by stimulating the growth and virulence of bacterial pathogens, their roles in anti-infection immunity have frequently been underestimated. To estimate whether adequate dietary iron intake would help defend against pathogenic bacterial infection, mice were fed iron-deficient(2 mg kg-1feed), iron-sufficient(35 mg kg-1feed), or iron-enriched diet(350 mg kg-1feed) for 12 weeks, followed by oral infection with Salmonella typhimurium. Our results revealed that dietary iron intake improved mucus layer function and decelerated the invasion of the pathogenic bacteria, Salmonella typhimurium. Positive correlations between serum iron and the number of goblet cells and mucin2 were found in response to total iron intake in mice.Unabsorbed iron in the intestinal tract affected the gut microbiota composition, and the abundance of Bacteroidales, family Muribaculaceae, was positively correlated with their mucin2 expression. However, the results from antibiotic-treated mice showed that the dietary iron-regulated mucin layer function was not microbial-dependent. Furthermore, in vitro studies revealed that ferric citrate directly induced mucin2 expression and promoted the proliferation of goblet cells in both ileal and colonic organoids. Thus, dietary iron intake improves serum iron levels, regulates goblet cell regeneration and mucin layer function, and plays a positive role in the prevention of pathogenic bacteria.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFD1300504)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32372827)+1 种基金the science and technology innovation Program of Hunan Prowince(2023RC3201)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(2022370).
文摘The objective of this study was to examine the early serum proteomic and inflammatory profiles of weaned piglets subjected to iron deficiency.Twelve healthy piglets(Duroc×Landrace×Large Yorkshire,body weight:4.96±0.05 kg)were weaned at 21 days of age.Subsequently,these animals were randomly allocated to one of two groups,with six replicates in each group(maintaining a male-to-female ratio of 1:1),the control group(administered 100 mg/kg Fe as FeSO_(4)·H_(2)O)and L-Fe group(no additional Fe supplementation).The results showed that 42 days after initiating,compared with control group,routine blood analysis revealed a reduction in serum iron content,red blood cell(RBC)count,hemoglobin(HGB)content,hematocrit(HCT),and mean corpuscular volume(MCV)(P 0.05).During the early stages of iron deficiency,piglets exhibited increased villus height(VH)and the ratio of VH to crypt depth(CD)in the duodenum(P<0.05)and increased expression levels of iron transporters,including duodenal cytochrome(Cybrd),divalent metal transport 1(DMT1),and ferritin light chain(FTL)(P<0.05).Subsequently,isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation(iTRAQ)were used to identify serum proteins.Gene Ontology(GO)analysis of the differentially abundant proteins(DAP)revealed that 24 of the 30 DAP were involved in platelet function,immune response,cellular metabolism,transcription,and protein synthesis.Notably,prothrombin,asporin(ASPN),and Rac family small GTPase 3(RAC3)expression was induced,whereas glycoprotein Ib platelet subunit alpha(GPIbA)expression was decreased.This was accompanied by a substantial reduction in serum complement 3(C3)and complement 4(C4)contents(P<0.05),with elevated the contents of interleukin-1β(IL-1β),interleukin-4(IL-4),interleukin-6(IL-6),transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1),and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)(P<0.05).Our findings underscore the essential role of dietary iron supplementation in maintaining iron homeostasis and modulating inflammatory responses in piglets.
基金supported by Outstanding Youth Fund of Hunan Natural Science Foundation (2021JJ20045)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32130099)+4 种基金the Science and Technology Program of Hunan Province (2020NK2013, 2020GK4095)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(2022370)the key R&D Program of Guangxi Province (2021AB20063)the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARAthe National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs。
文摘Iron is an important micronutrient that plays a vital role in host defenses and bacterial pathogenicity. As iron treatments increase the risk of infection by stimulating the growth and virulence of bacterial pathogens, their roles in anti-infection immunity have frequently been underestimated. To estimate whether adequate dietary iron intake would help defend against pathogenic bacterial infection, mice were fed iron-deficient(2 mg kg-1feed), iron-sufficient(35 mg kg-1feed), or iron-enriched diet(350 mg kg-1feed) for 12 weeks, followed by oral infection with Salmonella typhimurium. Our results revealed that dietary iron intake improved mucus layer function and decelerated the invasion of the pathogenic bacteria, Salmonella typhimurium. Positive correlations between serum iron and the number of goblet cells and mucin2 were found in response to total iron intake in mice.Unabsorbed iron in the intestinal tract affected the gut microbiota composition, and the abundance of Bacteroidales, family Muribaculaceae, was positively correlated with their mucin2 expression. However, the results from antibiotic-treated mice showed that the dietary iron-regulated mucin layer function was not microbial-dependent. Furthermore, in vitro studies revealed that ferric citrate directly induced mucin2 expression and promoted the proliferation of goblet cells in both ileal and colonic organoids. Thus, dietary iron intake improves serum iron levels, regulates goblet cell regeneration and mucin layer function, and plays a positive role in the prevention of pathogenic bacteria.
