In this research,a methodology named whole-process pollution control(WPPC)is demonstrated that improves the effectiveness of process optimization.This methodology considers waste/emission treatment as a step of the wh...In this research,a methodology named whole-process pollution control(WPPC)is demonstrated that improves the effectiveness of process optimization.This methodology considers waste/emission treatment as a step of the whole production process with respect to the minimization of cost and environmental impact for the whole process.The following procedures are introduced in a WPPC process optimization:①a material and energy flow investigation and optimization based on a systematic understanding of the distribution and physiochemical properties of potential pollutants;②a process optimization to increase the utilization efficiency of different elements and minimize pollutant emissions;and③an evaluation to reveal the effectiveness of the optimization strategies.The production of ammonium paratungstate was chosen for the case study.Two factors of the different optimization schemes-namely the cost-effectiveness factor and the environmental impact indicator-were evaluated and compared.This research demonstrates that by considering the nature of potential pollutants,technological innovations,economic viability,environmental impacts,and regulation requirements,WPPC can efficiently optimize a metal production process.展开更多
In this work, phenol and oxalic acid(OA) degradation in an ozone and photocatalysis integrated process was intensively conducted with Fe^(3+)/TiO_2 catalyst. The ferrioxalate complex formed between Fe^(3+) and oxalate...In this work, phenol and oxalic acid(OA) degradation in an ozone and photocatalysis integrated process was intensively conducted with Fe^(3+)/TiO_2 catalyst. The ferrioxalate complex formed between Fe^(3+) and oxalate accelerated the removal of OA in the ozonation, photolysis and photocatalytic ozonation process, for its high reactivity with ozone and UV. Phenol was degraded in ozonation and photolysis with limited TOC removal rates, but much higher TOC removal was achieved in photocatalytic ozonation due to the generation of ·OH. The sequence of UV light and ozone in the sequential process also influences the TOC removal, and ozone is very powerful to oxidize intermediates catechol and hydroquinone to maleic acid. Fenton or photo-Fenton reactions only played a small part in Fe^(3+)/TiO_2catalyzed processes, because Fe^(3+) was greatly reduced but not regenerated in many cases.The synergetic effect was found to be highly related with the property of the target pollutants. Fe^(3+)/TiO_2 catalyzed system showed the highest ability to destroy organics, but the TiO_2 catalyzed system showed little higher synergy.展开更多
基金The authors acknowledge financial support for this research from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFB0403300 and 2017YFB043305)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51425405 and 51874269),the National Science-Technology Support Plan Projects(2015BAB02B05)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(2014037).Zhi Sun acknowledges financial support from the National Youth Thousand Talents Program.The authors acknowledge constructive suggestions from Prof.Jianxin Yang.
文摘In this research,a methodology named whole-process pollution control(WPPC)is demonstrated that improves the effectiveness of process optimization.This methodology considers waste/emission treatment as a step of the whole production process with respect to the minimization of cost and environmental impact for the whole process.The following procedures are introduced in a WPPC process optimization:①a material and energy flow investigation and optimization based on a systematic understanding of the distribution and physiochemical properties of potential pollutants;②a process optimization to increase the utilization efficiency of different elements and minimize pollutant emissions;and③an evaluation to reveal the effectiveness of the optimization strategies.The production of ammonium paratungstate was chosen for the case study.Two factors of the different optimization schemes-namely the cost-effectiveness factor and the environmental impact indicator-were evaluated and compared.This research demonstrates that by considering the nature of potential pollutants,technological innovations,economic viability,environmental impacts,and regulation requirements,WPPC can efficiently optimize a metal production process.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing City(8172043)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(51425405)National Natural Science Foundation of China(51378487)
文摘In this work, phenol and oxalic acid(OA) degradation in an ozone and photocatalysis integrated process was intensively conducted with Fe^(3+)/TiO_2 catalyst. The ferrioxalate complex formed between Fe^(3+) and oxalate accelerated the removal of OA in the ozonation, photolysis and photocatalytic ozonation process, for its high reactivity with ozone and UV. Phenol was degraded in ozonation and photolysis with limited TOC removal rates, but much higher TOC removal was achieved in photocatalytic ozonation due to the generation of ·OH. The sequence of UV light and ozone in the sequential process also influences the TOC removal, and ozone is very powerful to oxidize intermediates catechol and hydroquinone to maleic acid. Fenton or photo-Fenton reactions only played a small part in Fe^(3+)/TiO_2catalyzed processes, because Fe^(3+) was greatly reduced but not regenerated in many cases.The synergetic effect was found to be highly related with the property of the target pollutants. Fe^(3+)/TiO_2 catalyzed system showed the highest ability to destroy organics, but the TiO_2 catalyzed system showed little higher synergy.
