BACKGROUND Circulating tumor cell(CTC)count and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)are both closely associated with the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).AIM To investigate the prognostic value of combining t...BACKGROUND Circulating tumor cell(CTC)count and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)are both closely associated with the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).AIM To investigate the prognostic value of combining these two indicators in HCC.METHODS Clinical data were collected from patients with advanced HCC who received im-mune therapy combined with targeted therapy at the Department of Oncology,the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University,Sichuan,China,from 2021 to 2023.The optimal cutoff values for CTC programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1)(+)>1 or CTC PD-L1(+)≤1 and NLR>3.89 or NLR≤3.89 were evaluated using X-Tile software.Patients were categorized into three groups based on CTC PD-L1(+)counts and NLR:CTC-NLR(0),CTC-NLR(1),and CTC-NLR(2).The relationship between CTC-NLR and clinical variables as well as survival rates was assessed.RESULTS Patients with high CTC PD-L1(+)expression or NLR at baseline had shorter median progression-free survival(m-PFS)and median overall survival(mOS)than those with low levels of CTC PD-L1(+)or NLR(P<0.001).Mean-while,patients in the CTC-NLR(2)group showed a significant decrease in mPFS and mOS.Cox regression analysis revealed that alpha-fetoprotein(AFP),CTC PD-L1(+),and CTC-NLR were independent predictors of OS.The time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the area under the curve of CTC-NLR at 12 months(0.821)and 18 months(0.821)was superior to that of AFP and CTC PD-L1(+).CONCLUSION HCC patients with high CTC PD-L1(+)or NLR expression tend to exhibit poor prognosis,and a high baseline CTC-NLR score may indicate low survival.CTC-NLR may serve as an effective prognostic indicator for patients with advanced HCC receiving immunotherapy combined with targeted therapy.展开更多
China is the most highly populated developing country. As with other scientific disciplines, dentistry (stomatology) is progressively growing since 1949 when the new China was founded. Due to the closing of the countr...China is the most highly populated developing country. As with other scientific disciplines, dentistry (stomatology) is progressively growing since 1949 when the new China was founded. Due to the closing of the country to international discourse for several decades, international counterparts know very little about dentistry or stomatology, including the sub-discipline oral and maxillofacial surgery. This paper is aimed to introduce the scope, give a brief history, update clinical and basic research, and discuss the future of oral and maxillofacial surgery in China. It will hopefully help international colleagues to have an insight into the developmental history, education system, clinical and basic research achievements, as well as the prospective future of oral and maxillofacial surgery in展开更多
Lignin is a natural polymer,second only to cellulose in natural reserves.Degradation is one of the ways to achieve the high-value transformation of lignin.Deep eutectic solvent(DES)thermal degradation of lignin can be...Lignin is a natural polymer,second only to cellulose in natural reserves.Degradation is one of the ways to achieve the high-value transformation of lignin.Deep eutectic solvent(DES)thermal degradation of lignin can be used as an excellent green degradation method.This paper introduces the degradation mechanism and effect of the lactic acid-choline chloride DES system in dissolving and degrading alkaline lignin,and the final solvent recovery.It can also be found from the scanning electron microscope(SEM)images that the surface of the degraded solid product is transformed from smooth to disordered.Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy and 1H-NMR spectroscopy were used to characterize the changes in lignin functional groups during DES treatment.The results showed that the content of phenolic hydroxyl groups increased after degradation,indicating that theβ-O-4 ether bond was broken.The molecular weight of the degraded lignin was observed by gel permeation chromatography(GPC),and the lignin residue with low molecular weight and narrow polydispersity index was obtained.The lowest average molecular weight(Mw)reached 2512 g/mol.The ratio of oxygen to carbon atoms in lignin increased substantially during degradation as measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),probably because DES treatment was accompanied by many oxidation reactions,which led to significant structural changes in lignin and a large number of ether bond breakage reactions during the reaction.The main final degradation products are aromatic monomers,vanillin,butyrovanillone,etc.展开更多
Optimizing the structure of electrode materials is one of the most effective strategies for designing high-power microbial fuel cells(MFCs).However,electrode materials currently suffer from a series of shortcomings th...Optimizing the structure of electrode materials is one of the most effective strategies for designing high-power microbial fuel cells(MFCs).However,electrode materials currently suffer from a series of shortcomings that limit the output of MFCs,such as high intrinsic resistance,poor electrolyte wettability,and low microbial load capacity.Here,a three-dimensional(3D)nitrogen-doped multiwalled carbon nanotube/graphene(N-MWCNT/GA)composite aerogel is synthesized as the anode for MFCs.Comparing nitrogen-doped GA,MWCNT/GA,and N-MWCNT/GA,the macroporous hydrophilic N-MWCNT/GA electrode with an average pore size of 4.24μm enables high-density loading of the microbes and facilitates extracellular electron transfer with low intrinsic resistance.Consequently,the hydrophilic surface of N-MWCNT can generate high charge mobility,enabling a high-power output performance of the MFC.In consequence,the MFC system based on N-MWCNT/GA anode exhibits a peak power density and output voltage of 2977.8 mW m^(−2)and 0.654 V,which are 1.83 times and 16.3%higher than those obtained with MWCNT/GA,respectively.These results demonstrate that 3D N-MWCNT/GA anodes can be developed for high-power MFCs in different environments by optimizing their chemical and microstructures.展开更多
目的:探究膀胱癌组织壳多糖酶3样蛋白1(chitosanase 3-like protein 1,CHI3L1)、Y性别决定基因7(sex determining region Y-box,SOX7)表达及与经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术(transurethral resection of bladder tumors,TURBT)术后复发的关系。...目的:探究膀胱癌组织壳多糖酶3样蛋白1(chitosanase 3-like protein 1,CHI3L1)、Y性别决定基因7(sex determining region Y-box,SOX7)表达及与经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术(transurethral resection of bladder tumors,TURBT)术后复发的关系。方法:收集2019年8月—2021年8月保定市第二医院收治的146例行TURBT的膀胱癌患者作为观察对象,取患者癌组织和癌旁组织,采用免疫组织化学法测定膀胱癌组织和癌旁组织CHI3L1、SOX7蛋白表达,对患者进行2年随访,根据术后复发情况,分为复发组32例和未复发组114例,采用logistic回归分析膀胱癌患者TURBT术后复发的影响因素,四格表分析膀胱癌组织CHI3L1、SOX7蛋白表达对TURBT术后复发的预测价值。结果:膀胱癌组织CHI3L1阳性表达率(65.75%)显著高于癌旁组织(34.93%),SOX7阳性表达率(41.10%)显著低于癌旁组织(73.29%)(P<0.05)。肿瘤数目多发、T1期的膀胱癌组织CHI3L1阳性表达和SOX7阴性表达的患者比例显著高于肿瘤数目单发、Ta期的患者比例(P<0.05)。CHI3L1是膀胱癌患者TURBT术后复发的独立危险因素,SOX7是复发的保护因素(P<0.05)。CHI3L1、SOX7联合预测术后复发的特异度、准确度高于各自单独预测,误诊率低于各自单独预测(P<0.05)。结论:在膀胱癌组织中CHI3L1表达水平较高,SOX7表达水平较低,二者与患者临床病理特征以及TURBT术后复发有关,可能作为膀胱癌患者行TURBT术后预后评估的标志物。展开更多
Recently, halide perovskite materials have become an exciting topic of research mainly due to their outstanding photovoltaic performance with the highest efficiency up to 22.1% at present. The nanocrystals（NCs） of t...Recently, halide perovskite materials have become an exciting topic of research mainly due to their outstanding photovoltaic performance with the highest efficiency up to 22.1% at present. The nanocrystals（NCs） of these perovskites show quantum size effect, tunable bandgap, and excellent photoluminescence quantum yield（PLQY） in specific cases. Perovskite NCs have hence displayed great potentials in a broad range of applications, such as solar cells, light-emitting devices（LEDs）, photodetectors, and lasers. In this review, we summarized the recent progress on the synthesis, optoelectronic properties and applications of the nanostructures of these halide perovskite materials, including hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites,pure inorganic perovskite, and perovskite-derived NCs. We have also provided a critical outlook into the challenges ahead.展开更多
Sequence labelling(SL)tasks are currently widely studied in the field of natural language processing.Most sequence labelling methods are developed on a large amount of labelled training data via supervised learning,wh...Sequence labelling(SL)tasks are currently widely studied in the field of natural language processing.Most sequence labelling methods are developed on a large amount of labelled training data via supervised learning,which is time-consuming and expensive.As an alternative,domain adaptation is proposed to train a deep-learning model for sequence labelling in a target domain by exploiting existing labelled training data in related source domains.To this end,the authors propose a Bi-LSTM model to extract more-related knowledge from multi-source domains and learn specific context from the target domain.Further,the language modelling training is also applied to cross-domain adaptability facilitating.The proposed model is extensively evaluated with the named entity recognition and part-of-speech tagging tasks.The empirical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the cross-domain adaption.Our model outperforms the state-of-the-art methods used in both cross-domain tasks and crowd annotation tasks.展开更多
基金The research protocol was approved by the Clinical Trial Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University(approval number:KY2021063)registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(registration number:ChiCTR2100044198).
文摘BACKGROUND Circulating tumor cell(CTC)count and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)are both closely associated with the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).AIM To investigate the prognostic value of combining these two indicators in HCC.METHODS Clinical data were collected from patients with advanced HCC who received im-mune therapy combined with targeted therapy at the Department of Oncology,the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University,Sichuan,China,from 2021 to 2023.The optimal cutoff values for CTC programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1)(+)>1 or CTC PD-L1(+)≤1 and NLR>3.89 or NLR≤3.89 were evaluated using X-Tile software.Patients were categorized into three groups based on CTC PD-L1(+)counts and NLR:CTC-NLR(0),CTC-NLR(1),and CTC-NLR(2).The relationship between CTC-NLR and clinical variables as well as survival rates was assessed.RESULTS Patients with high CTC PD-L1(+)expression or NLR at baseline had shorter median progression-free survival(m-PFS)and median overall survival(mOS)than those with low levels of CTC PD-L1(+)or NLR(P<0.001).Mean-while,patients in the CTC-NLR(2)group showed a significant decrease in mPFS and mOS.Cox regression analysis revealed that alpha-fetoprotein(AFP),CTC PD-L1(+),and CTC-NLR were independent predictors of OS.The time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the area under the curve of CTC-NLR at 12 months(0.821)and 18 months(0.821)was superior to that of AFP and CTC PD-L1(+).CONCLUSION HCC patients with high CTC PD-L1(+)or NLR expression tend to exhibit poor prognosis,and a high baseline CTC-NLR score may indicate low survival.CTC-NLR may serve as an effective prognostic indicator for patients with advanced HCC receiving immunotherapy combined with targeted therapy.
文摘China is the most highly populated developing country. As with other scientific disciplines, dentistry (stomatology) is progressively growing since 1949 when the new China was founded. Due to the closing of the country to international discourse for several decades, international counterparts know very little about dentistry or stomatology, including the sub-discipline oral and maxillofacial surgery. This paper is aimed to introduce the scope, give a brief history, update clinical and basic research, and discuss the future of oral and maxillofacial surgery in China. It will hopefully help international colleagues to have an insight into the developmental history, education system, clinical and basic research achievements, as well as the prospective future of oral and maxillofacial surgery in
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31730106).
文摘Lignin is a natural polymer,second only to cellulose in natural reserves.Degradation is one of the ways to achieve the high-value transformation of lignin.Deep eutectic solvent(DES)thermal degradation of lignin can be used as an excellent green degradation method.This paper introduces the degradation mechanism and effect of the lactic acid-choline chloride DES system in dissolving and degrading alkaline lignin,and the final solvent recovery.It can also be found from the scanning electron microscope(SEM)images that the surface of the degraded solid product is transformed from smooth to disordered.Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy and 1H-NMR spectroscopy were used to characterize the changes in lignin functional groups during DES treatment.The results showed that the content of phenolic hydroxyl groups increased after degradation,indicating that theβ-O-4 ether bond was broken.The molecular weight of the degraded lignin was observed by gel permeation chromatography(GPC),and the lignin residue with low molecular weight and narrow polydispersity index was obtained.The lowest average molecular weight(Mw)reached 2512 g/mol.The ratio of oxygen to carbon atoms in lignin increased substantially during degradation as measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),probably because DES treatment was accompanied by many oxidation reactions,which led to significant structural changes in lignin and a large number of ether bond breakage reactions during the reaction.The main final degradation products are aromatic monomers,vanillin,butyrovanillone,etc.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51803151,51973152,51773147,52173078,52130303,51973158)the State Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51633007)the Seed Foundation of Tianjin University(No.2105018).
文摘Optimizing the structure of electrode materials is one of the most effective strategies for designing high-power microbial fuel cells(MFCs).However,electrode materials currently suffer from a series of shortcomings that limit the output of MFCs,such as high intrinsic resistance,poor electrolyte wettability,and low microbial load capacity.Here,a three-dimensional(3D)nitrogen-doped multiwalled carbon nanotube/graphene(N-MWCNT/GA)composite aerogel is synthesized as the anode for MFCs.Comparing nitrogen-doped GA,MWCNT/GA,and N-MWCNT/GA,the macroporous hydrophilic N-MWCNT/GA electrode with an average pore size of 4.24μm enables high-density loading of the microbes and facilitates extracellular electron transfer with low intrinsic resistance.Consequently,the hydrophilic surface of N-MWCNT can generate high charge mobility,enabling a high-power output performance of the MFC.In consequence,the MFC system based on N-MWCNT/GA anode exhibits a peak power density and output voltage of 2977.8 mW m^(−2)and 0.654 V,which are 1.83 times and 16.3%higher than those obtained with MWCNT/GA,respectively.These results demonstrate that 3D N-MWCNT/GA anodes can be developed for high-power MFCs in different environments by optimizing their chemical and microstructures.
文摘目的:探究膀胱癌组织壳多糖酶3样蛋白1(chitosanase 3-like protein 1,CHI3L1)、Y性别决定基因7(sex determining region Y-box,SOX7)表达及与经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术(transurethral resection of bladder tumors,TURBT)术后复发的关系。方法:收集2019年8月—2021年8月保定市第二医院收治的146例行TURBT的膀胱癌患者作为观察对象,取患者癌组织和癌旁组织,采用免疫组织化学法测定膀胱癌组织和癌旁组织CHI3L1、SOX7蛋白表达,对患者进行2年随访,根据术后复发情况,分为复发组32例和未复发组114例,采用logistic回归分析膀胱癌患者TURBT术后复发的影响因素,四格表分析膀胱癌组织CHI3L1、SOX7蛋白表达对TURBT术后复发的预测价值。结果:膀胱癌组织CHI3L1阳性表达率(65.75%)显著高于癌旁组织(34.93%),SOX7阳性表达率(41.10%)显著低于癌旁组织(73.29%)(P<0.05)。肿瘤数目多发、T1期的膀胱癌组织CHI3L1阳性表达和SOX7阴性表达的患者比例显著高于肿瘤数目单发、Ta期的患者比例(P<0.05)。CHI3L1是膀胱癌患者TURBT术后复发的独立危险因素,SOX7是复发的保护因素(P<0.05)。CHI3L1、SOX7联合预测术后复发的特异度、准确度高于各自单独预测,误诊率低于各自单独预测(P<0.05)。结论:在膀胱癌组织中CHI3L1表达水平较高,SOX7表达水平较低,二者与患者临床病理特征以及TURBT术后复发有关,可能作为膀胱癌患者行TURBT术后预后评估的标志物。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grand No.21773128)Key Research and Development Projects of Sichuan Province(Grand No.2017GZ0052)Anshan Hifichem Co.Ltd.
文摘Recently, halide perovskite materials have become an exciting topic of research mainly due to their outstanding photovoltaic performance with the highest efficiency up to 22.1% at present. The nanocrystals（NCs） of these perovskites show quantum size effect, tunable bandgap, and excellent photoluminescence quantum yield（PLQY） in specific cases. Perovskite NCs have hence displayed great potentials in a broad range of applications, such as solar cells, light-emitting devices（LEDs）, photodetectors, and lasers. In this review, we summarized the recent progress on the synthesis, optoelectronic properties and applications of the nanostructures of these halide perovskite materials, including hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites,pure inorganic perovskite, and perovskite-derived NCs. We have also provided a critical outlook into the challenges ahead.
基金National Statistical Science Research Project of China,Grant/Award Number:2016LY98Science and Technology Department of Guangdong Province in China,Grant/Award Numbers:2016A010101020,2016A010101021,2016A010101022+1 种基金Characteristic Innovation Projects of Guangdong Colleges and Universities,Grant/Award Number:2018KTSCX049Science and Technology Plan Project of Guangzhou,Grant/Award Numbers:202102080258,201903010013。
文摘Sequence labelling(SL)tasks are currently widely studied in the field of natural language processing.Most sequence labelling methods are developed on a large amount of labelled training data via supervised learning,which is time-consuming and expensive.As an alternative,domain adaptation is proposed to train a deep-learning model for sequence labelling in a target domain by exploiting existing labelled training data in related source domains.To this end,the authors propose a Bi-LSTM model to extract more-related knowledge from multi-source domains and learn specific context from the target domain.Further,the language modelling training is also applied to cross-domain adaptability facilitating.The proposed model is extensively evaluated with the named entity recognition and part-of-speech tagging tasks.The empirical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the cross-domain adaption.Our model outperforms the state-of-the-art methods used in both cross-domain tasks and crowd annotation tasks.
