To determine the effects of plant-based meat analogues on the metabolic health and the possible mechanisms,mice were fed with a real pork diet(AP),a real beef diet(AB),a plant-based pork analogue diet(PP)and plant-bas...To determine the effects of plant-based meat analogues on the metabolic health and the possible mechanisms,mice were fed with a real pork diet(AP),a real beef diet(AB),a plant-based pork analogue diet(PP)and plant-based beef analogue diet(PB)for 68 days.Compared with real meat,the plant-based meat analogues increased food and energy intake,body weight,white fat and liver weight and caused adipocyte hypertrophy,hepatic lipid droplet accumulation,and inflammatory responses in mice.Metabolomics revealed that plantbased meat analogues altered the composition of serum metabolites,which regulated lipid metabolism homeostasis.The PB diet upregulated gene expression related to lipid synthesis,lipolysis and adipocyte differentiation while the PP diet upregulated expression of lipolysis-related genes but downregulated expression of adipocyte differentiation-related genes in white adipose tissue.Meanwhile,both PP and PB diets upregulated lipid influx-and synthesis-related genes but downregulated lipid oxidation-related genes in liver.The specific metabolite biomarkers may affect fat accumulation mainly by direct lipid metabolism pathways or indirect amino acid metabolism,protein digestion and absorption,bile secretion,aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis,neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction and ABC transporters pathways.These findings provide a new insight into understanding the differences in nutritional functions of meat and plant-based meat analogues.展开更多
Hemoglobin hydrolysate is derived from the enzymatic degradation of hemoglobin.This work aimed to evaluate whether hemoglobin hydrolysate promotes the absorption of non-heme iron and the safety of absorbed iron in mic...Hemoglobin hydrolysate is derived from the enzymatic degradation of hemoglobin.This work aimed to evaluate whether hemoglobin hydrolysate promotes the absorption of non-heme iron and the safety of absorbed iron in mice by analyzing the iron binding content,iron circulation,and liver homeostasis.We found that hemoglobin hydrolysate promoted the absorption of non-heme iron with high efficiency in duodenum by spontaneously binding non-heme iron during digestion,and increased hepatic iron content by up-regulating divalent metal transporter 1,zinc transporter 14,but hepatic iron content only increased at 3 weeks.Duodenal iron entered the blood through ferroportin without restriction at 3 weeks,and excessive iron entered the liver and then affected the hepatocyte membranes permeability and lipid synthesis through oxidative stress.With the prolongation of dietary intervention,the up-regulated hepcidin acted on the ferroportin to restrict excess iron from entering the blood,and then the hepatic homeostasis recovered.In addition,hemoglobin hydrolysate enhanced the hepatic antioxidant capacity.Taken together,hemoglobin hydrolysate has a strong ability to promote the absorption of non-heme iron in vivo,and the absorbed iron is relatively safe due to the regulation of hepcidin.展开更多
Qinghai-Tibet plateau with an average altitude above 4,000 m provides favorable conditions for Tibetan pigs that may have different meat quality from other pig breeds.This study was designed to compare the differences...Qinghai-Tibet plateau with an average altitude above 4,000 m provides favorable conditions for Tibetan pigs that may have different meat quality from other pig breeds.This study was designed to compare the differences in lipid metabolism in liver and fatty acid composition in muscle between Tibetan and Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire(DLY)pigs.Aba Tibetan pigs(n=10),Gannan Tibetan pigs(n=9),Nyingchi Tibetan pigs(n=10)and DLY pigs(n=10)were selected for the experiment.After fasting for 12 h,they were slaughtered and blood,liver and muscle samples were taken for biochemical analyses.The results showed that the intramuscular fat content was not significantly different for Tibetan pigs among the three regions(P>0.05),which was significantly higher than that of DLY pigs(P<0.05).However,the liver fat content of Gannan Tibetan pigs was significantly lower than those of DLY pigs and Aba and Nyingchi Tibetan pigs(P<0.05).The hepatic lipid metabolism may be stronger in DLY pigs than in Tibetan pigs,but lipid deposition in muscle is weaker in DLY pigs than that in Tibetan pigs.Aba Tibetan pigs and Nyingchi Tibetan pigs had similar proportions of saturated,monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids,while Gannan Tibetan pigs and DLY pigs had similar types of fatty acids.The findings provide new insight into mechanisms of environmental and breed effects on pork quality.展开更多
Developmental dysplasia of the hip(DDH)is one of the most common diseases causing hip pain in adults and is an important cause of osteoarthritis(OA).Borderline developmental dysplasia of the hip(BDDH)is a condition th...Developmental dysplasia of the hip(DDH)is one of the most common diseases causing hip pain in adults and is an important cause of osteoarthritis(OA).Borderline developmental dysplasia of the hip(BDDH)is a condition that falls between a normal hip and adult DDH.In BDDH,the lateral center-edge angle(LCEA)of the acetabulum is usually defined between 18°and 25°or 20°and 25°;however,this definition remains controversial.展开更多
We investigated changes in the microbiota composition on the surface of pig carcasses during refrigerated transportation of different distances(200,300,400,500 km)and further transferring to the market place.Microbial...We investigated changes in the microbiota composition on the surface of pig carcasses during refrigerated transportation of different distances(200,300,400,500 km)and further transferring to the market place.Microbial samples were obtained by sterile swabs at the starting point,the end points of transportation and the market points.Core temperature of pig carcasses,temperature and air humidity in refrigerated vehicles were also tracked.The air temperature and humidity in the refrigerated vehicles remained relatively constant during transportation.However,the air temperature and carcass temperature at the end points of transportation were the highest for the 500 km group and the lowest for the 400 km group(P<0.05),while the air humidity was the highest for the 200 km group and the lowest for the 400 km group(P<0.05).Microbial colony counts showed a slight increase during transportation and differed among five sampling points on the surface of pork carcasses with the highest for the outside of the shoulder and the lowest for the inside of the belly(P<0.05).Microbiota composition changed greatly and Acinetobacter,Pseudomonas,Psychrobacter,Chryseobacterium,Staphylococcus,Brochothrix,Morexella,and Flavobacterium were the predominant genera.Pseudomonas was the most predominant during transportation.展开更多
This study compared proteome profiles and morphological changes of rat jejunum in response to different dietary proteins. Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with casein(control), and isolated beef, pork, fish and...This study compared proteome profiles and morphological changes of rat jejunum in response to different dietary proteins. Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with casein(control), and isolated beef, pork, fish and chicken proteins for 14 days. Proteome analysis,histological observation and PEPT1 quantification of the jejunum were performed. The results indicated that rats fed with chicken proteins had higher PEPT1 mRNA and protein levels(P < 0.05) but lower villus height and ratio of villus height to crypt depth(V/C ratio, P < 0.05) than those fed with casein and pork protein. Label-free LC-MS/MS indicated that, as compared to casein, intake of chicken protein can regulate oligopeptide transport mainly by upregulating PEPT1 protein expression and reducing dipeptidyl-peptidase activity related to biological oxidation, and can reduce oligopeptide absorption capacity by regulating Hippo signaling pathway. Although intake of beef and fish proteins had no significant effect on PEPT1 expression, they altered several signaling pathways.展开更多
基金supported by Jiangsu Innovative Group of Meat Nutrition,Health and Biotechnologythe Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(grant number:KYCX21_0575)。
文摘To determine the effects of plant-based meat analogues on the metabolic health and the possible mechanisms,mice were fed with a real pork diet(AP),a real beef diet(AB),a plant-based pork analogue diet(PP)and plant-based beef analogue diet(PB)for 68 days.Compared with real meat,the plant-based meat analogues increased food and energy intake,body weight,white fat and liver weight and caused adipocyte hypertrophy,hepatic lipid droplet accumulation,and inflammatory responses in mice.Metabolomics revealed that plantbased meat analogues altered the composition of serum metabolites,which regulated lipid metabolism homeostasis.The PB diet upregulated gene expression related to lipid synthesis,lipolysis and adipocyte differentiation while the PP diet upregulated expression of lipolysis-related genes but downregulated expression of adipocyte differentiation-related genes in white adipose tissue.Meanwhile,both PP and PB diets upregulated lipid influx-and synthesis-related genes but downregulated lipid oxidation-related genes in liver.The specific metabolite biomarkers may affect fat accumulation mainly by direct lipid metabolism pathways or indirect amino acid metabolism,protein digestion and absorption,bile secretion,aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis,neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction and ABC transporters pathways.These findings provide a new insight into understanding the differences in nutritional functions of meat and plant-based meat analogues.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072211)Jiangsu Province Department of Education(Innovation Group of Meat Nutrition and Biotechnology)。
文摘Hemoglobin hydrolysate is derived from the enzymatic degradation of hemoglobin.This work aimed to evaluate whether hemoglobin hydrolysate promotes the absorption of non-heme iron and the safety of absorbed iron in mice by analyzing the iron binding content,iron circulation,and liver homeostasis.We found that hemoglobin hydrolysate promoted the absorption of non-heme iron with high efficiency in duodenum by spontaneously binding non-heme iron during digestion,and increased hepatic iron content by up-regulating divalent metal transporter 1,zinc transporter 14,but hepatic iron content only increased at 3 weeks.Duodenal iron entered the blood through ferroportin without restriction at 3 weeks,and excessive iron entered the liver and then affected the hepatocyte membranes permeability and lipid synthesis through oxidative stress.With the prolongation of dietary intervention,the up-regulated hepcidin acted on the ferroportin to restrict excess iron from entering the blood,and then the hepatic homeostasis recovered.In addition,hemoglobin hydrolysate enhanced the hepatic antioxidant capacity.Taken together,hemoglobin hydrolysate has a strong ability to promote the absorption of non-heme iron in vivo,and the absorbed iron is relatively safe due to the regulation of hepcidin.
基金funded by the Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (CARS-35)Jiangsu Innovative Group of Meat Nutrition,Health and Biotechnology.
文摘Qinghai-Tibet plateau with an average altitude above 4,000 m provides favorable conditions for Tibetan pigs that may have different meat quality from other pig breeds.This study was designed to compare the differences in lipid metabolism in liver and fatty acid composition in muscle between Tibetan and Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire(DLY)pigs.Aba Tibetan pigs(n=10),Gannan Tibetan pigs(n=9),Nyingchi Tibetan pigs(n=10)and DLY pigs(n=10)were selected for the experiment.After fasting for 12 h,they were slaughtered and blood,liver and muscle samples were taken for biochemical analyses.The results showed that the intramuscular fat content was not significantly different for Tibetan pigs among the three regions(P>0.05),which was significantly higher than that of DLY pigs(P<0.05).However,the liver fat content of Gannan Tibetan pigs was significantly lower than those of DLY pigs and Aba and Nyingchi Tibetan pigs(P<0.05).The hepatic lipid metabolism may be stronger in DLY pigs than in Tibetan pigs,but lipid deposition in muscle is weaker in DLY pigs than that in Tibetan pigs.Aba Tibetan pigs and Nyingchi Tibetan pigs had similar proportions of saturated,monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids,while Gannan Tibetan pigs and DLY pigs had similar types of fatty acids.The findings provide new insight into mechanisms of environmental and breed effects on pork quality.
文摘Developmental dysplasia of the hip(DDH)is one of the most common diseases causing hip pain in adults and is an important cause of osteoarthritis(OA).Borderline developmental dysplasia of the hip(BDDH)is a condition that falls between a normal hip and adult DDH.In BDDH,the lateral center-edge angle(LCEA)of the acetabulum is usually defined between 18°and 25°or 20°and 25°;however,this definition remains controversial.
基金supported by Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Ministry of Finance (CARS-35).
文摘We investigated changes in the microbiota composition on the surface of pig carcasses during refrigerated transportation of different distances(200,300,400,500 km)and further transferring to the market place.Microbial samples were obtained by sterile swabs at the starting point,the end points of transportation and the market points.Core temperature of pig carcasses,temperature and air humidity in refrigerated vehicles were also tracked.The air temperature and humidity in the refrigerated vehicles remained relatively constant during transportation.However,the air temperature and carcass temperature at the end points of transportation were the highest for the 500 km group and the lowest for the 400 km group(P<0.05),while the air humidity was the highest for the 200 km group and the lowest for the 400 km group(P<0.05).Microbial colony counts showed a slight increase during transportation and differed among five sampling points on the surface of pork carcasses with the highest for the outside of the shoulder and the lowest for the inside of the belly(P<0.05).Microbiota composition changed greatly and Acinetobacter,Pseudomonas,Psychrobacter,Chryseobacterium,Staphylococcus,Brochothrix,Morexella,and Flavobacterium were the predominant genera.Pseudomonas was the most predominant during transportation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31471600, 31530054)
文摘This study compared proteome profiles and morphological changes of rat jejunum in response to different dietary proteins. Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with casein(control), and isolated beef, pork, fish and chicken proteins for 14 days. Proteome analysis,histological observation and PEPT1 quantification of the jejunum were performed. The results indicated that rats fed with chicken proteins had higher PEPT1 mRNA and protein levels(P < 0.05) but lower villus height and ratio of villus height to crypt depth(V/C ratio, P < 0.05) than those fed with casein and pork protein. Label-free LC-MS/MS indicated that, as compared to casein, intake of chicken protein can regulate oligopeptide transport mainly by upregulating PEPT1 protein expression and reducing dipeptidyl-peptidase activity related to biological oxidation, and can reduce oligopeptide absorption capacity by regulating Hippo signaling pathway. Although intake of beef and fish proteins had no significant effect on PEPT1 expression, they altered several signaling pathways.
