Many network presentation learning algorithms(NPLA)have originated from the process of the random walk between nodes in recent years.Despite these algorithms can obtain great embedding results,there may be also some l...Many network presentation learning algorithms(NPLA)have originated from the process of the random walk between nodes in recent years.Despite these algorithms can obtain great embedding results,there may be also some limitations.For instance,only the structural information of nodes is considered when these kinds of algorithms are constructed.Aiming at this issue,a label and community information-based network presentation learning algorithm(LC-NPLA)is proposed in this paper.First of all,by using the community information and the label information of nodes,the first-order neighbors of nodes are reconstructed.In the next,the random walk strategy is improved by integrating the degree information and label information of nodes.Then,the node sequence obtained from random walk sampling is transformed into the node representation vector by the Skip-Gram model.At last,the experimental results on ten real-world networks demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has great advantages in the label classification,network reconstruction and link prediction tasks,compared with three benchmark algorithms.展开更多
To date,treatment of peripheral facial paralysis has focused on preservation of facial nerve integrity.However,with seriously damaged facial nerve cases,it is difficult to recover anatomical and functional integrity u...To date,treatment of peripheral facial paralysis has focused on preservation of facial nerve integrity.However,with seriously damaged facial nerve cases,it is difficult to recover anatomical and functional integrity using present therapies.Therefore,the present study utilized artificial facial nerve reflex to obtain orbicularis oculi muscle(OOM) electromyography signals on the uninjured side through the use of implanted recording electrodes.The implanted electrical chips analyzed facial muscle motion on the uninjured side and triggered an electrical stimulator to emit current pulses,which resulted in stimulation of injured OOM contraction and maintained bilateral symmetry and consistency.Following signal recognition,extraction,and computer analysis,electromyography signals in the uninjured OOM resulted in complete eyelid closure,which was consistent with the voltage threshold for eye closure.These findings suggested that artificial facial nerve reflex through the use of implanted microelectronics in unilateral peripheral facial paralysis could restore eyelid closure following orbicularis oculi muscle denervation.展开更多
Mating behavior and parturition are important components in the life history of any species. The endangered Chinese crocodile lizard(Shinisaurus crocodilurus) is suffering dramatic population decreases in the wild. Su...Mating behavior and parturition are important components in the life history of any species. The endangered Chinese crocodile lizard(Shinisaurus crocodilurus) is suffering dramatic population decreases in the wild. Successful captive breeding can provide individuals to be reintroduced into their natural habitat and help to restore the wild populations. Studying the mating behavior and parturition of these lizards in captivity will enable us understand how is this ancient species reproduction and optimize artificial reproduction protocol. We studied the mating behavior and parturition of Chinese crocodile lizards in captivity using video recordings at the Daguishan National Nature Reserve, China, from 2015 to 2017. We analyzed pre-copulation and copulation, which occurred in mid-March to late May from all studied years. Pre-copulation and copulation lasted on average 7.51(n=11) and 27.45(n=11) minutes, respectively. We found that large-bodied male lizards have longer copulation periods, a pattern seen in other lizard species. In the mating event, males always initiated sex, while the females were passive. The duration of parturition lasted 153.8 ± 26.8(n=46) minutes, and larger females had heavier clutches. In addition, even though Chinese crocodile lizards represent an ancient lizard clade with primitive characteristics, they still abide by the reproduction patterns seen in most other lizard species.展开更多
The endangered Chinese crocodile lizard(Shinisaurus crocodilurus)is a habitat specialist living in streams of mountain forests in southern China and northern Vietnam.Conservation efforts are increasing for recovering ...The endangered Chinese crocodile lizard(Shinisaurus crocodilurus)is a habitat specialist living in streams of mountain forests in southern China and northern Vietnam.Conservation efforts are increasing for recovering its wild populations.However,the growth,reproduction,and dispersal ability of crocodile lizards in the wild are largely unknown.We conducted field surveys of the crocodile lizard population in Daguishan National Nature Reserve,one of the largest extant wild populations of crocodile lizards,for three consecutive years in Guangxi,China.We found that crocodile lizards generally reach sexual maturity at the age of 2.5 years in the wild.Unlike most viviparous lizards,which reproduce annually,the crocodile lizard shows a biennial reproductive cycle.The number of observed juveniles and subadults fluctuated between years,whereas that of adults remained relatively stable.Non-adults had longer three-year dispersal distance than adults.Crocodile lizards showed preference for backwater pools in the stream.Competition for better resources may be the main trigger for dispersal.展开更多
Intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH) leads to high rates of death and disability. The pronounced infl ammatory reactions that rapidly follow ICH contribute to disease progression. Our recent clinical trial demonstrated that ...Intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH) leads to high rates of death and disability. The pronounced infl ammatory reactions that rapidly follow ICH contribute to disease progression. Our recent clinical trial demonstrated that oral administration of an immune modulator fingolimod restrained secondary injury derived from initial hematoma,but the mechanisms remain unknown. In this study,we aim to investigate the effects of fingolimod on inflammatory mediators and vascular permeability in the clinical trial of oral fingolimod for intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH). The results showed that fingolimod decreased the numbers of circulating CD4^+ T,CD8^+ T,CD(19)^+B,NK,and NKT cells and they recovered quickly after the drug was stopped. The plasma ICAM level was decreased and IL-10 was increased by fingolimod. Interestingly,fingolimod protected vascular permeability as indicated by a decreased plasma level of MMP9 and the reduced r T1%. In conclusion,modulation of systemic inflammation by fingolimod demonstrates that it is an effective therapeutic agent for ICH. Fingolimod may prevent perihematomal edema enlargement by protecting vascular permeability.展开更多
The severe crosstalk effect is widely present in tactile sensor arrays with a sandwich structure.Here we present a novel design for a resistive tactile sensor array with a coplanar electrode layer and isolated sensing...The severe crosstalk effect is widely present in tactile sensor arrays with a sandwich structure.Here we present a novel design for a resistive tactile sensor array with a coplanar electrode layer and isolated sensing elements,which were made from polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)doped with multiwalled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs)for crosstalk suppression.To optimize its properties,both mechanical and electrical properties of PDMS/MWCNT-sensing materials with different PDMS/MWCNT ratios were investigated.The experimental results demonstrate that a 4 wt% of MWCNTs to PDMS is optimal for the sensing materials.In addition,the pressure-sensitive layer consists of three microstructured layers(two aspectant PDMS/MWCNT-based films and one top PDMS-based film)that are bonded together.Because of this three-layer microstructure design,our proposed tactile sensor array shows sensitivity up to−1.10 kPa^(−1),a response time of 29 ms and reliability in detecting tiny pressures.展开更多
This paper discusses the acquisition of Mandarin lexical tones by American second language(L2)learners.The analy sis of the tone errors in the reading p assa g e and the spontaneous speech showed that the surface Tone...This paper discusses the acquisition of Mandarin lexical tones by American second language(L2)learners.The analy sis of the tone errors in the reading p assa g e and the spontaneous speech showed that the surface Tone 4error is the most frequent at the prosodic word(P W)-initial position in both the intermediate and the advanced learner group s.Attempts were made to account for this tone error p attern within some second language acquisition(SLA)frameworks,but in vain.It was arg ued that this tone error pattern may be due to the high pitch tendency at the p hrase-or sentence-initial position in speech.Although this is more of ageneral pattern across languages,the production of such a tendency by L2 learners sup erseded the underly in g tones,hence the surface Tone 4errors.The sp ecial status of Tone 4in L2 sp eech corres ponds to the special status of the same tone in the first language(L1)speech(Wan,2007).However,it was cautioned that such similarity should not be taken as evidence for the similarity in L1 and L2acquisition in that different processes are involved in L1 and L2production.展开更多
基金What is more,we thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61966039,62241604)the Scientific Research Fund Project of the Education Department of Yunnan Province(No.2023Y0565)Also,this work was supported in part by the Xingdian Talent Support Program for Young Talents(No.XDYC-QNRC-2022-0518).
文摘Many network presentation learning algorithms(NPLA)have originated from the process of the random walk between nodes in recent years.Despite these algorithms can obtain great embedding results,there may be also some limitations.For instance,only the structural information of nodes is considered when these kinds of algorithms are constructed.Aiming at this issue,a label and community information-based network presentation learning algorithm(LC-NPLA)is proposed in this paper.First of all,by using the community information and the label information of nodes,the first-order neighbors of nodes are reconstructed.In the next,the random walk strategy is improved by integrating the degree information and label information of nodes.Then,the node sequence obtained from random walk sampling is transformed into the node representation vector by the Skip-Gram model.At last,the experimental results on ten real-world networks demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has great advantages in the label classification,network reconstruction and link prediction tasks,compared with three benchmark algorithms.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.60876082Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology,No.0852nm06600Shanghai Municipal Education Committee Shanghai "Phosphor" Science Foundation,China,No.08SG13
文摘To date,treatment of peripheral facial paralysis has focused on preservation of facial nerve integrity.However,with seriously damaged facial nerve cases,it is difficult to recover anatomical and functional integrity using present therapies.Therefore,the present study utilized artificial facial nerve reflex to obtain orbicularis oculi muscle(OOM) electromyography signals on the uninjured side through the use of implanted recording electrodes.The implanted electrical chips analyzed facial muscle motion on the uninjured side and triggered an electrical stimulator to emit current pulses,which resulted in stimulation of injured OOM contraction and maintained bilateral symmetry and consistency.Following signal recognition,extraction,and computer analysis,electromyography signals in the uninjured OOM resulted in complete eyelid closure,which was consistent with the voltage threshold for eye closure.These findings suggested that artificial facial nerve reflex through the use of implanted microelectronics in unilateral peripheral facial paralysis could restore eyelid closure following orbicularis oculi muscle denervation.
基金Key Fundamental Research and Development Program （G1999033103） partly supported bY the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 50275096 , 10402023+1 种基金 the Nanometer Technology Program of Science and Technology Committee of Shanghai （0215 nml04 , 0352 nm014）, Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China （No. 20040350476） the Doctoral Training Foundation of National Education Commission of China.
基金financially support by the National Key Research & Development Program of China (2016YFC0503200)the Natural Science Foundation of China (31760623)the Financial Project of State Forestry Administration (V2130211)
文摘Mating behavior and parturition are important components in the life history of any species. The endangered Chinese crocodile lizard(Shinisaurus crocodilurus) is suffering dramatic population decreases in the wild. Successful captive breeding can provide individuals to be reintroduced into their natural habitat and help to restore the wild populations. Studying the mating behavior and parturition of these lizards in captivity will enable us understand how is this ancient species reproduction and optimize artificial reproduction protocol. We studied the mating behavior and parturition of Chinese crocodile lizards in captivity using video recordings at the Daguishan National Nature Reserve, China, from 2015 to 2017. We analyzed pre-copulation and copulation, which occurred in mid-March to late May from all studied years. Pre-copulation and copulation lasted on average 7.51(n=11) and 27.45(n=11) minutes, respectively. We found that large-bodied male lizards have longer copulation periods, a pattern seen in other lizard species. In the mating event, males always initiated sex, while the females were passive. The duration of parturition lasted 153.8 ± 26.8(n=46) minutes, and larger females had heavier clutches. In addition, even though Chinese crocodile lizards represent an ancient lizard clade with primitive characteristics, they still abide by the reproduction patterns seen in most other lizard species.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31901223 and 32170528)National Key Wildlife Protection Project of Central Finance of China(450000215020340001327)。
文摘The endangered Chinese crocodile lizard(Shinisaurus crocodilurus)is a habitat specialist living in streams of mountain forests in southern China and northern Vietnam.Conservation efforts are increasing for recovering its wild populations.However,the growth,reproduction,and dispersal ability of crocodile lizards in the wild are largely unknown.We conducted field surveys of the crocodile lizard population in Daguishan National Nature Reserve,one of the largest extant wild populations of crocodile lizards,for three consecutive years in Guangxi,China.We found that crocodile lizards generally reach sexual maturity at the age of 2.5 years in the wild.Unlike most viviparous lizards,which reproduce annually,the crocodile lizard shows a biennial reproductive cycle.The number of observed juveniles and subadults fluctuated between years,whereas that of adults remained relatively stable.Non-adults had longer three-year dispersal distance than adults.Crocodile lizards showed preference for backwater pools in the stream.Competition for better resources may be the main trigger for dispersal.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Development Program of China (2013CB966900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81241144, 81371372)the National Key Clinical Specialty Construction Program of China
文摘Intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH) leads to high rates of death and disability. The pronounced infl ammatory reactions that rapidly follow ICH contribute to disease progression. Our recent clinical trial demonstrated that oral administration of an immune modulator fingolimod restrained secondary injury derived from initial hematoma,but the mechanisms remain unknown. In this study,we aim to investigate the effects of fingolimod on inflammatory mediators and vascular permeability in the clinical trial of oral fingolimod for intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH). The results showed that fingolimod decreased the numbers of circulating CD4^+ T,CD8^+ T,CD(19)^+B,NK,and NKT cells and they recovered quickly after the drug was stopped. The plasma ICAM level was decreased and IL-10 was increased by fingolimod. Interestingly,fingolimod protected vascular permeability as indicated by a decreased plasma level of MMP9 and the reduced r T1%. In conclusion,modulation of systemic inflammation by fingolimod demonstrates that it is an effective therapeutic agent for ICH. Fingolimod may prevent perihematomal edema enlargement by protecting vascular permeability.
基金We are thankful for the partial financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(no.51475307)the 973 Program(2013CB329401)SRFDP(20130073110087).
文摘The severe crosstalk effect is widely present in tactile sensor arrays with a sandwich structure.Here we present a novel design for a resistive tactile sensor array with a coplanar electrode layer and isolated sensing elements,which were made from polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)doped with multiwalled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs)for crosstalk suppression.To optimize its properties,both mechanical and electrical properties of PDMS/MWCNT-sensing materials with different PDMS/MWCNT ratios were investigated.The experimental results demonstrate that a 4 wt% of MWCNTs to PDMS is optimal for the sensing materials.In addition,the pressure-sensitive layer consists of three microstructured layers(two aspectant PDMS/MWCNT-based films and one top PDMS-based film)that are bonded together.Because of this three-layer microstructure design,our proposed tactile sensor array shows sensitivity up to−1.10 kPa^(−1),a response time of 29 ms and reliability in detecting tiny pressures.
文摘This paper discusses the acquisition of Mandarin lexical tones by American second language(L2)learners.The analy sis of the tone errors in the reading p assa g e and the spontaneous speech showed that the surface Tone 4error is the most frequent at the prosodic word(P W)-initial position in both the intermediate and the advanced learner group s.Attempts were made to account for this tone error p attern within some second language acquisition(SLA)frameworks,but in vain.It was arg ued that this tone error pattern may be due to the high pitch tendency at the p hrase-or sentence-initial position in speech.Although this is more of ageneral pattern across languages,the production of such a tendency by L2 learners sup erseded the underly in g tones,hence the surface Tone 4errors.The sp ecial status of Tone 4in L2 sp eech corres ponds to the special status of the same tone in the first language(L1)speech(Wan,2007).However,it was cautioned that such similarity should not be taken as evidence for the similarity in L1 and L2acquisition in that different processes are involved in L1 and L2production.
