This study sought to identify potential therapeutic targets in herpes simplex keratitis(HSK) patients with active and inactive infection by investigating peripheral cytokine production. Peripheral blood mononuclear ce...This study sought to identify potential therapeutic targets in herpes simplex keratitis(HSK) patients with active and inactive infection by investigating peripheral cytokine production. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) and serum were prepared from healthy controls and HSK patients during active infection or following treatment(inactive infection). Serum antibody titres were determined by ELISA. Protein expression levels were analysed by Western blot. Cytokine levels were determined by multiplex ELISA. Active corneal herpes simplex virus type 1(HSV-1) infection resulted in significantly elevated peripheral levels of IL-1β in HSK patients compared to healthy controls, and remained significantly increased following treatment. Elevated production of IL-1β in inactive patients was associated with significantly increased levels of IRF3 and STAT1, key proteins involved in promoting anti-viral immune responses. Our data suggest that inflammation persists beyond the period that it is clinically evident and that enhanced peripheral production of IL-1β may have implications for HSV-1 viral clearance in active and inactive HSK patients.展开更多
● AIM: To evaluate the outcomes of alcohol delamination(ALD) of the corneal epithelium for the treatment of recurrent corneal erosion syndrome(RCES) and to implement a standardized treatment protocol for this conditi...● AIM: To evaluate the outcomes of alcohol delamination(ALD) of the corneal epithelium for the treatment of recurrent corneal erosion syndrome(RCES) and to implement a standardized treatment protocol for this condition utilizing evidence based practice and the findings of an internal audit. ● METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 42 eyes of 40 patients diagnosed with RCES who were treated with ALD between January 2006 and March 2016 was conducted. Patients had 20% alcohol applied to the cornea with the use of a well for 40 s. Patients were reviewed one week later in the Outpatient Department. Outcome criteria were established based on standards from other studies in the medical literature. These included, a treatment success rate of at least 72%(defined as complete resolution of symptoms one month after treatment), a postoperative complication a rate of <5%(mainly infective keratitis, and subepithelial haze), and the absence of any detrimental effect on visual acuity in ≥95% of patients.● RESULTS: The mean age at the time of ALD was 41.17±13.44 y. Patients were followed for an average of 12.8±15.65 mo. The majority were female(52.5%, n=21) and the majority of eyes treated with ALD were left eyes(62.9%, n=26). Trauma was the primary aetiology in our study population. Treatment was successful in 73.8%(n=31) of eyes and in 75%(n=30) of patients. Recurrence occurred in 26.2% of eyes at a mean of 10.41±12.63 mo post treatment.● CONCLUSION: ALD is an efficacious and cost-effective primary surgical intervention for RCES.展开更多
基金Supported by the Health Research Board and the Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital Research Foundation through the Medical Research Charities Group(No.1409)
文摘This study sought to identify potential therapeutic targets in herpes simplex keratitis(HSK) patients with active and inactive infection by investigating peripheral cytokine production. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) and serum were prepared from healthy controls and HSK patients during active infection or following treatment(inactive infection). Serum antibody titres were determined by ELISA. Protein expression levels were analysed by Western blot. Cytokine levels were determined by multiplex ELISA. Active corneal herpes simplex virus type 1(HSV-1) infection resulted in significantly elevated peripheral levels of IL-1β in HSK patients compared to healthy controls, and remained significantly increased following treatment. Elevated production of IL-1β in inactive patients was associated with significantly increased levels of IRF3 and STAT1, key proteins involved in promoting anti-viral immune responses. Our data suggest that inflammation persists beyond the period that it is clinically evident and that enhanced peripheral production of IL-1β may have implications for HSV-1 viral clearance in active and inactive HSK patients.
文摘● AIM: To evaluate the outcomes of alcohol delamination(ALD) of the corneal epithelium for the treatment of recurrent corneal erosion syndrome(RCES) and to implement a standardized treatment protocol for this condition utilizing evidence based practice and the findings of an internal audit. ● METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 42 eyes of 40 patients diagnosed with RCES who were treated with ALD between January 2006 and March 2016 was conducted. Patients had 20% alcohol applied to the cornea with the use of a well for 40 s. Patients were reviewed one week later in the Outpatient Department. Outcome criteria were established based on standards from other studies in the medical literature. These included, a treatment success rate of at least 72%(defined as complete resolution of symptoms one month after treatment), a postoperative complication a rate of <5%(mainly infective keratitis, and subepithelial haze), and the absence of any detrimental effect on visual acuity in ≥95% of patients.● RESULTS: The mean age at the time of ALD was 41.17±13.44 y. Patients were followed for an average of 12.8±15.65 mo. The majority were female(52.5%, n=21) and the majority of eyes treated with ALD were left eyes(62.9%, n=26). Trauma was the primary aetiology in our study population. Treatment was successful in 73.8%(n=31) of eyes and in 75%(n=30) of patients. Recurrence occurred in 26.2% of eyes at a mean of 10.41±12.63 mo post treatment.● CONCLUSION: ALD is an efficacious and cost-effective primary surgical intervention for RCES.
