Stem cell-based treatments have been extensively explored in the last few decades to develop therapeutic strategies aimed at providing effective alternatives for those human pathologies in which surgical or pharmacolo...Stem cell-based treatments have been extensively explored in the last few decades to develop therapeutic strategies aimed at providing effective alternatives for those human pathologies in which surgical or pharmacological therapies produce limited effects.Among stem cells of different sources,mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)offer several advantages,such as the absence of ethical concerns,easy harvesting,low immunogenicity and reduced tumorigenesis risks.Other than a multipotent differentiation ability,MSCs can release extracellular vesicles conveying proteins,mRNA and microRNA.Thanks to these properties,new therapeutic approaches have been designed for the treatment of various pathologies,including ocular diseases.In this review,the use of different MSCs and different administration strategies are described for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy,glaucoma,and retinitis pigmentosa.In a large number of investigations,positive results have been obtained by in vitro experiments and by MSC administration in animal models.Most authors agree that beneficial effects are likely related to MSC paracrine activity.Based on these considerations,many clinical trials have already been carried out.Overall,although some adverse effects have been described,promising outcomes are reported.It can be assumed that in the near future,safer and more effective protocols will be developed for more numerous clinical applications to improve the quality of life of patients affected by eye diseases.展开更多
The purpose of this scoping review is to create a single narrative that describes the impact of smoking cessation on metabolic parameters in people with diabetes.It is generally well accepted that smoking enhances the...The purpose of this scoping review is to create a single narrative that describes the impact of smoking cessation on metabolic parameters in people with diabetes.It is generally well accepted that smoking enhances the harmful effects of elevated blood glucose levels,accelerating the vascular damage seen in patients with diabetes.Smoking cessation has clear benefits in terms of reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.However,there is less evidence for the impact of smoking cessation on other diabetes-related complications.Studies in people with diabetes have shown improvement as well as temporary deterioration in glycemic control after ceasing smoking.Only a few studies have described the effect of quitting smoking on insulin resistance and lipid parameters,however,their results have been inconclusive.In this situation,healthcare professionals should not assume that cessation of smoking will improve metabolic parameters in patients with diabetes.It seems they should, first of all, emphasize the prevention of weight gain that may be associatedwith quitting smoking. The lack of data regarding the metabolic effects of smoking and smokingcessation in diabetes is very disappointing and this area needs to be addressed.展开更多
The association between nicotine dependence and affective disorders, particularly major depressive disorder (MDD), is well known with high prevalence rates being reported for smokers. The reason for this association i...The association between nicotine dependence and affective disorders, particularly major depressive disorder (MDD), is well known with high prevalence rates being reported for smokers. The reason for this association is not clear, but, it has been argued that smoking may help individuals to cope with stress or medicate depressed mood. Smoking cessation programs are useful in helping smokers to quit, but smoking is a very difficult addiction to break, especially for people suffering from depression, and the need for novel and effective approaches to smoking cessation interventions for this special population is unquestionable. The e-cigarette is a battery-powered electronic nicotine delivery device (ENDD), which may help smokers to remain abstinent during their quit attempt. Here, we report for the first time objective measures of smoking cessation in two heavy smokers, suffering from depression, who experimented the e-cigarette.展开更多
基金the University of Catania,Italy,“Piano Triennale per la Ricerca 2020-2022–Grant PIACERI,Project NanoRet”.
文摘Stem cell-based treatments have been extensively explored in the last few decades to develop therapeutic strategies aimed at providing effective alternatives for those human pathologies in which surgical or pharmacological therapies produce limited effects.Among stem cells of different sources,mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)offer several advantages,such as the absence of ethical concerns,easy harvesting,low immunogenicity and reduced tumorigenesis risks.Other than a multipotent differentiation ability,MSCs can release extracellular vesicles conveying proteins,mRNA and microRNA.Thanks to these properties,new therapeutic approaches have been designed for the treatment of various pathologies,including ocular diseases.In this review,the use of different MSCs and different administration strategies are described for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy,glaucoma,and retinitis pigmentosa.In a large number of investigations,positive results have been obtained by in vitro experiments and by MSC administration in animal models.Most authors agree that beneficial effects are likely related to MSC paracrine activity.Based on these considerations,many clinical trials have already been carried out.Overall,although some adverse effects have been described,promising outcomes are reported.It can be assumed that in the near future,safer and more effective protocols will be developed for more numerous clinical applications to improve the quality of life of patients affected by eye diseases.
基金Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine of the University of Catania,No.6C813202024/1_3_02_07_01/2020。
文摘The purpose of this scoping review is to create a single narrative that describes the impact of smoking cessation on metabolic parameters in people with diabetes.It is generally well accepted that smoking enhances the harmful effects of elevated blood glucose levels,accelerating the vascular damage seen in patients with diabetes.Smoking cessation has clear benefits in terms of reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.However,there is less evidence for the impact of smoking cessation on other diabetes-related complications.Studies in people with diabetes have shown improvement as well as temporary deterioration in glycemic control after ceasing smoking.Only a few studies have described the effect of quitting smoking on insulin resistance and lipid parameters,however,their results have been inconclusive.In this situation,healthcare professionals should not assume that cessation of smoking will improve metabolic parameters in patients with diabetes.It seems they should, first of all, emphasize the prevention of weight gain that may be associatedwith quitting smoking. The lack of data regarding the metabolic effects of smoking and smokingcessation in diabetes is very disappointing and this area needs to be addressed.
文摘The association between nicotine dependence and affective disorders, particularly major depressive disorder (MDD), is well known with high prevalence rates being reported for smokers. The reason for this association is not clear, but, it has been argued that smoking may help individuals to cope with stress or medicate depressed mood. Smoking cessation programs are useful in helping smokers to quit, but smoking is a very difficult addiction to break, especially for people suffering from depression, and the need for novel and effective approaches to smoking cessation interventions for this special population is unquestionable. The e-cigarette is a battery-powered electronic nicotine delivery device (ENDD), which may help smokers to remain abstinent during their quit attempt. Here, we report for the first time objective measures of smoking cessation in two heavy smokers, suffering from depression, who experimented the e-cigarette.
