Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)is a malignant tumor triggered by the accumulation of multiple gene mutations in oral epithelial cells.Different OSCC-related biomarkers have been reported in circulation in the perip...Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)is a malignant tumor triggered by the accumulation of multiple gene mutations in oral epithelial cells.Different OSCC-related biomarkers have been reported in circulation in the peripheral blood that support the occurrence and development of OSCC.Recent advances in high-throughput and highly sensitive detection methods have overcome the limitation of the low concentration of most peripheral blood biomarkers.Hence,blood biomarker detection has become an efficient screening tool for the early diagnosis of OSCC.The growing data available in public cancer and gene databases have provided new foundations for OSCC research.In particular,the identification of OSCC biomarkers using bioinformatic tools has shed new light on the underlying mechanisms as well as on the genetic landscape of OSCC.More recently,mRNA targeting therapies have emerged as valuable anticancer treatment strategies,as they allow for the regulation of the expression of certain functional proteins to reverse genetic abnormalities or induce tissue repair.Thus,mRNA-targeting therapies can be used to regulate the expression of antigens,antibodies,or cellular receptors by immune cells.Particularly,anti-cancer cellular immunotherapy carrying specific mRNAs has attracted significant attention in OSCC treatment.Here,we review the present knowledge on the role of peripheral blood mRNAs in the diagnosis,treatment,development,and prognosis of OSCC.Moreover,we address future research prospects of mRNAs in the peripheral blood in OSCC and the opportunities and challenges that may arise in future clinical therapeutic applications.展开更多
Kernel size, one of the traits that determine wheat yield, is controlled by multiple quantitative trait loci.Polish wheat(Triticum polonicum) has elongated and plump kernel and is a valuable material for breeding high...Kernel size, one of the traits that determine wheat yield, is controlled by multiple quantitative trait loci.Polish wheat(Triticum polonicum) has elongated and plump kernel and is a valuable material for breeding high-yielding wheat cultivars. However, genes or loci determining kernel length(KL) in Polish wheat are unknown. We identified and validated a major KL gene, KL-PW, at the P1 locus in Polish wheat. KL-PW is VRT-A2, which encodes a MIKC-type MADS-box protein(MADS55). An insertion/deletion mutation in intron 1 of VRT-A2;led to an alternatively spliced transcript, VRT-A2;. Quantitative PCR analysis showed that VRT-A2;was more highly expressed in developing seeds than was VRT-A2 Ailanmai.Brassinosteroid(BR) sensitivity experiment and the expression of BR-related genes indicated that VRTA2;functions as a positive regulator of BR responses. VRT-A2;significantly increased KL of wheat.These findings not only reveal the molecular basis of KL-PW in controlling KL, but also provide a valuable genetic resource for increasing kernel size in wheat.展开更多
[Objectives]To explore the effects of paeonol on the inhibition of myocardial fibrosis in high glucose induced cardiac fibroblasts(CFs).[Methods]Differential adherence method was used to culture the primary CFs of neo...[Objectives]To explore the effects of paeonol on the inhibition of myocardial fibrosis in high glucose induced cardiac fibroblasts(CFs).[Methods]Differential adherence method was used to culture the primary CFs of neonatal rats(passage culture);CCK-8 method was used to detect the cell proliferation;MTT assay was used to screen the safe concentration of paeonol;the 2 nd to 3 rd generation CFs were randomly divided into normal group(5.5 mmol/L,expressed in C),high glucose group(30 mmol/L,expressed in HG),paeonol low dose group(Pae-L,17.5 mg/L),and medium dose paeonol group(Pae-M,35 mg/L),paeonol high dose group(Pae-H,70 mg/L);Western Blot method was used to detect the expression of Col-I and Col-III protein.[Results]The extraction of CFs from primary neonatal rats was successful;high glucose(30 mmol/L)induction had a significant proliferation effect on CFs;compared with the normal group,the expressions of COI-I and Col-III protein were increased in the high glucose group(P<0.05);compared with the high glucose group,the expression of COI-I protein was decreased in each treatment group(P<0.05,P<0.01),and the decrease was most significant in the high dose group(P<0.01);the expression of COI-III in the high dose group was decreased and it was statistically significant(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Paeonol significantly inhibited the proliferation of high glucose induced CFs in neonatal rats.This experiment is intended to provide a new experimental basis for the prevention and treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy(DCM).展开更多
[Objectives] The protective effect of paeonol on DCM was further confirmed by observing the changes of myocardial structure and function in rats. [Methods] Rats were fed high-sugar and high-fat diet and injected intra...[Objectives] The protective effect of paeonol on DCM was further confirmed by observing the changes of myocardial structure and function in rats. [Methods] Rats were fed high-sugar and high-fat diet and injected intraperitoneally with streptozotocin(STZ) for two consecutive days to prepare animal model of type II diabetes. The model rats were randomly divided into model group, low-dose paeonol group(30 mg/kg), middle-dose paeonol group(60 mg/kg), high-dose paeonol group(120 mg/kg) and metformin group(157 mg/kg). The detected indicators included heart weight index(HWI), blood glucose(FBG), body mass, triglyceride(TG), and total cholesterol(TC). Myocardial pathological changes were observed by HE staining. The extent of myocardial fibrosis was observed by Masson staining. [Results] In the model group, the body weight of the rats declined significantly, and the phenomena of overdrinking, overeating and polyuria occurred. Compared with the model group, the body weight of rats in the paeonol treatment groups increased to different extents. Compared with the normal group, the HWI, FBG, LDH, AST, and TG increased in the model group, and decreased in different degrees in the paeonol treatment groups(P<0.05), suggesting that paeonol has certain protective effect on diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats. After HE staining and fixation, the myocardial tissue of rats was observed by optical microscope. The morphology of myocardial cells and myocardial fibers in the normal group were normal;Compared with the normal group, the model group has hypertrophy of myocardial cells, disordered arrangement of myocardial fibers, fiber breakage and dissolution, uneven staining between myocardial cells, and nucleus breakage or even disappearance;Compared with the model group, the pathological changes of myocardium in the paeonol treatment groups and DMBG group have been improved to different degrees. The arrangement of myocardial fibers is regular and the coloration is uniform. The results of Masson staining showed that in the normal group, and there was no significant increase of myocardial collagen fibers in the myocardial interstitium. Compared with the normal group, myocardial cells and interstitial collagen fibers(blue) in the model group were significantly increased. Compared with model group, myocardial collagen fiber hyperplasia in the paeonol treatment groups and DMBG group showed different degrees of improvement, among which the Pae-H group had the least blue bands and the most obvious improvement of collagen fiber. [Conclusions] Paeonol has different degrees of improvement effects on myocardial fibrosis in rats with diabetic cardiomyopathy, suggesting that paeonol has a protective effect on diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats.展开更多
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells(ILC2s)play important tissue resident roles in anti-parasite immunity,allergic immune response,tissue homeostasis,and tumor immunity.ILC2s are considered tissue resident cells with little ...Group 2 innate lymphoid cells(ILC2s)play important tissue resident roles in anti-parasite immunity,allergic immune response,tissue homeostasis,and tumor immunity.ILC2s are considered tissue resident cells with little proliferation at steady state.Recent studies have shown that a subset of small intestinal ILC2s could leave their residing tissues,circulate and migrate to different organs,including lung,liver,mesenteric LN and spleen,upon activation.However,it remains unknown whether other ILC populations with migratory behavior exist.In this study,we find two major colon ILC2 populations with potential to migrate to the lung in response to IL-25 stimulation.One subset expresses IL-17A and resembles inflammatory ILC2s(iILC2s)but lacks CD27 expression,whereas the other expresses CD27 but not IL-17A.In addition,the IL-17A^(+)ILC2s express lower levels of CD127,CD25,and ST2 than CD27^(+)ILC2s,which express higher levels of IL-5 and IL-13.Surprisingly,we found that both colon ILC2 populations still maintained their colonic features of preferential expression of IL-17A and CD27,IL-5/IL-13,respectively.Together,our study identifies two migratory colon ILC2 subsets with unique surface markers and cytokine profiles which are critical in regulating lung and colon immunity and homeostasis.展开更多
Three technical problems should be solved urgently in cyberspace security:the timeliness and accuracy of network attack detection,the credibility assessment and prediction of the security situation,and the effectivene...Three technical problems should be solved urgently in cyberspace security:the timeliness and accuracy of network attack detection,the credibility assessment and prediction of the security situation,and the effectiveness of security defense strategy optimization.Artificial intelligence(AI)algorithms have become the core means to increase the chance of security and improve the network attack and defense ability in the application of cyberspace security.Recently,the breakthrough and application of AI technology have provided a series of advanced approaches for further enhancing network defense ability.This work presents a comprehensive review of AI technology articles for cyberspace security applications,mainly from 2017 to 2022.The papers are selected from a variety of journals and conferences:52.68%are from Elsevier,Springer,and IEEE journals and 25%are from international conferences.With a specific focus on the latest approaches in machine learning(ML),deep learning(DL),and some popular optimization algorithms,the characteristics of the algorithmic models,performance results,datasets,potential benefits,and limitations are analyzed,and some of the existing challenges are highlighted.This work is intended to provide technical guidance for researchers who would like to obtain the potential of AI technical methods for cyberspace security and to provide tips for the later resolution of specific cyberspace security issues,and a mastery of the current development trends of technology and application and hot issues in the field of network security.It also indicates certain existing challenges and gives directions for addressing them effectively.展开更多
Zinc-ion hybrid super-capacitors are regarded as promising safe energy storage systems,However,the relatively low volumetric energy density has become the main bottlenecks in practical applications of portable electro...Zinc-ion hybrid super-capacitors are regarded as promising safe energy storage systems,However,the relatively low volumetric energy density has become the main bottlenecks in practical applications of portable electronic devices,In this work,the zinc-ion hybrid super-capacitor with high volumetric energy density and superb cycle stability had been constructed which employing the high-density threedimensional graphene hydrogel as cathode and Zn foil used as anode in 1 mol/L ZnSO4 electrolyte.Benefiting from the abundant ion transport paths and the abundant active sites for graphene hydrogel with high density and porous structure,the zinc-ion hybrid super-capacitor exhibited an extremely high volumetric energy density of 118.42 Wh/L and a superb power density of 24.00 kW/L,as well as an excellent long cycle life(80% retention after 30,000 cycles at 10 A/g),which was superior to the volumetric energy density of the reported zinc-ion hybrid super-capacitors.This device,based on the fast ion adsorption/deso rption on the capacitor-type graphene cathode and reversible Zn^(2+) plating/stripping on the battery-type Zn anode,which will inspire the development of zinc-ion hybrid super-capacitor in miniaturized devices.展开更多
Neuroplastin 65(Np65) is an immunoglobulin superfamily cell adhesion molecule involved in synaptic formation and plasticity. Our recent study showed that Np65-knockout(KO) mice exhibit abnormal cognition and emotional...Neuroplastin 65(Np65) is an immunoglobulin superfamily cell adhesion molecule involved in synaptic formation and plasticity. Our recent study showed that Np65-knockout(KO) mice exhibit abnormal cognition and emotional disorders. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we found 588 differentiallyexpressed genes in Np65-KO mice by microarray analysis.RT-PCR analysis also revealed the altered expression of genes associated with development and synaptic structure,such as Cdh1, Htr3 a, and Kcnj9. In addition, the expression of Wnt-3, a Wnt protein involved in development, was decreased in Np65-KO mice as evidenced by western blotting. Surprisingly, MRI and DAPI staining showed a significant reduction in the lateral ventricular volume of Np65-KO mice. Together, these findings suggest that ablation of Np65 influences gene expression, which may contribute to abnormal brain development. These results provide clues to the mechanisms underlying the altered brain functions of Np65-deficient mice.展开更多
In order to well arrange active sites and avoid byproducts, the reasonable structured carrier nanocatalyst plays a crucial role in high catalytic performance, but still remains a challenge. Herein, the layered CuNi-Cu...In order to well arrange active sites and avoid byproducts, the reasonable structured carrier nanocatalyst plays a crucial role in high catalytic performance, but still remains a challenge. Herein, the layered CuNi-Cu_(2)O/NiAlO_(x) nanosheets have been constructed through hydrothermal synthesis followed by calcination and H_(2) reduction treatment process. The in-situ formed CuNi nanoalloys (NAs) and nano-Cu_(2)O were evenly distributed on the bilateral surface of layered NiAlOx nanosheets. Based on the planar structure of nanosheet, the synergy between catalytic active CuNi NAs and photocatalytic active nano-Cu_(2)O endows CuNi-Cu_(2)O/NiAlO_(x) nanosheets with rapid conversion efficiency for catalyzing p-nitrophenol (p-NP, 14 mg·L^(−1)) to p-aminophenol (p-AP) in 32 s with the reaction rate constant k up to 0.1779 s−1, and no obvious performance decay can be observed even over 27 cycles. Moreover, high concentration of p-NP at 10 and 20 g·L^(−1) could be reduced to p-AP within 14 and 20 min, respectively. Such designed nanoalloy/bimetal-oxide heterostructure can provide a solution for rapid conversion of aminoaromatics from nitroaromatics wastewater even at a large concentration range.展开更多
The pathophysiology of preeclampsia(PE)remains unclear.PE spiral artery remodeling dysfunction and PE offspring cardiovascular future development has been a worldwide concern.We collected placental and umbilical arter...The pathophysiology of preeclampsia(PE)remains unclear.PE spiral artery remodeling dysfunction and PE offspring cardiovascular future development has been a worldwide concern.We collected placental and umbilical artery samples from normotensive and PE pregnancies.Mineralocorticoid receptor(MR)and its alternative splicing variant(ASV)expression and their biological effects on PE were examined.An MR ASV was found to be highly expressed in all PE samples and slightly expressed in about half of the normotensive samples(umbilical artery,~57.58%;placenta,~36.84%).The MR ASV expression was positively associated with blood pressure in both groups.The MR ASV protein changed the aldosterone-induced expression pattern of MR target genes related to ion exchanges and cell signaling pathways.The MR ASV can also impair the proliferation,migration,and tube formation ability of endothelial cells.These findings indicate that MR ASV in PE placenta plays a pathogenic role in PE pathophysiology,especially in endothelial dysfunction,and the existence of the MR ASV in PE umbilical artery provides a new direction in the study of PE offspring with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases.展开更多
Supercapacitors with high energy density and high power density have attracted numerous attentions. Here, we successfully synthesized Ni6MnO8 material by a fast, facile, and cost-effective method, which the area speci...Supercapacitors with high energy density and high power density have attracted numerous attentions. Here, we successfully synthesized Ni6MnO8 material by a fast, facile, and cost-effective method, which the area specific capacitance was found to be as high as 1113 mF/cm^2 at a current density of 1 mA/cm^2. Further, the asymmetric supercapacitor was assembled by using Ni6MnO8 as the positive electrode and graphene as the negative electrode with an operation potential from 0 to 1.4 V. It exhibited an area specific capacitance of 69.1m F/cm^2 at 0.5 mA/cm^2 and stable cycling performance which presented about 80% capacitance retention after 5000 cycles at 5 mA/cm^2. The energy density of graphene//Ni6MnO8 supercapacitors was calculated to be 18.81 mWh/cm^2 at a power density of 350.1 mW/cm^2 and still remained 5.8 mWh/cm^2 at a power density of 6990.7 mW/cm^2, meaning that the asymmetric supercapacitor combine excellent power density and energy density.展开更多
Optimizing photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction with simultaneous pollutant degradation is highly desired.However,the photocatalytic efficiency is restricted by the unmatched redox ability,high carriers’recombination rate,...Optimizing photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction with simultaneous pollutant degradation is highly desired.However,the photocatalytic efficiency is restricted by the unmatched redox ability,high carriers’recombination rate,and lack of reactive sites of the present photocatalysts.Herein,the CuInZnS-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)hybrid with matched redox ability and suitable CO_(2)adsorption property was rationally synthesized.The nucleation and growth process of CuInZnS was interfered by the addition of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)with a negative charge,resulting in thinner nanosheets and richer reactive sites.Besides,the Schottky heterojunction built in the hybrid simultaneously improved the photoexcited charge transfer property,sunlight absorption range,and CO_(2)adsorption ability.Consequently,upon exposure to sunlight,CuInZnS-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)exhibited an efficient photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction performance(10.2μmol·h^(−1)·g^(−1))with synergetic tetracycline degradation,obviously higher than that of pure CuInZnS.Based on the combination of theoretical calculation and experimental characterization,the photocatalytic mechanism was investigated comprehensively.This work offers a reference for the remission of worldwide energy shortage and environmental pollution problems.展开更多
Assessment of lung and heart states is of critical importance for patients with pneumonia.In this study,we present a small-sized and ultrasensitive accelerometer for continuous monitoring of lung and heart sounds to e...Assessment of lung and heart states is of critical importance for patients with pneumonia.In this study,we present a small-sized and ultrasensitive accelerometer for continuous monitoring of lung and heart sounds to evaluate the lung and heart states of patients.Based on two-stage amplification,which consists of an asymmetric gapped cantilever and a charge amplifier,our accelerometer exhibited an extremely high ratio of sensitivity to noise compared with conventional structures.Our sensor achieves a high sensitivity of 9.2V/g at frequencies less than 1000 Hz,making it suitable to use to monitor weak physiological signals,including heart and lung sounds.For the first time,lung injury,heart injury,and both lung and heart injuries in discharged pneumonia patients were revealed by our sensor device.Our sound sensor also successfully tracked the recovery course of the discharged pneumonia patients.Over time,the lung and heart states of the patients gradually improved after discharge.Our observations were in good agreement with clinical reports.Compared with conventional medical instruments,our sensor device provides rapid and highly sensitive detection of lung and heart sounds,which greatly helps in the evaluation of lung and heart states of pneumonia patients.This sensor provides a cost-effective alternative approach to the diagnosis and prognosis of pneumonia and has the potential for clinical and home-use health monitoring.展开更多
基金funded by the Key Project of Basic Research of Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission(Grant Number JCYJ20200109140208058)the Guangdong Provincial High Level Clinical Key Specialty(Grant Number SZGSP008).
文摘Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)is a malignant tumor triggered by the accumulation of multiple gene mutations in oral epithelial cells.Different OSCC-related biomarkers have been reported in circulation in the peripheral blood that support the occurrence and development of OSCC.Recent advances in high-throughput and highly sensitive detection methods have overcome the limitation of the low concentration of most peripheral blood biomarkers.Hence,blood biomarker detection has become an efficient screening tool for the early diagnosis of OSCC.The growing data available in public cancer and gene databases have provided new foundations for OSCC research.In particular,the identification of OSCC biomarkers using bioinformatic tools has shed new light on the underlying mechanisms as well as on the genetic landscape of OSCC.More recently,mRNA targeting therapies have emerged as valuable anticancer treatment strategies,as they allow for the regulation of the expression of certain functional proteins to reverse genetic abnormalities or induce tissue repair.Thus,mRNA-targeting therapies can be used to regulate the expression of antigens,antibodies,or cellular receptors by immune cells.Particularly,anti-cancer cellular immunotherapy carrying specific mRNAs has attracted significant attention in OSCC treatment.Here,we review the present knowledge on the role of peripheral blood mRNAs in the diagnosis,treatment,development,and prognosis of OSCC.Moreover,we address future research prospects of mRNAs in the peripheral blood in OSCC and the opportunities and challenges that may arise in future clinical therapeutic applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31671688)the Bureau of Science and Technology of Sichuan Province(2020YJ0141)。
文摘Kernel size, one of the traits that determine wheat yield, is controlled by multiple quantitative trait loci.Polish wheat(Triticum polonicum) has elongated and plump kernel and is a valuable material for breeding high-yielding wheat cultivars. However, genes or loci determining kernel length(KL) in Polish wheat are unknown. We identified and validated a major KL gene, KL-PW, at the P1 locus in Polish wheat. KL-PW is VRT-A2, which encodes a MIKC-type MADS-box protein(MADS55). An insertion/deletion mutation in intron 1 of VRT-A2;led to an alternatively spliced transcript, VRT-A2;. Quantitative PCR analysis showed that VRT-A2;was more highly expressed in developing seeds than was VRT-A2 Ailanmai.Brassinosteroid(BR) sensitivity experiment and the expression of BR-related genes indicated that VRTA2;functions as a positive regulator of BR responses. VRT-A2;significantly increased KL of wheat.These findings not only reveal the molecular basis of KL-PW in controlling KL, but also provide a valuable genetic resource for increasing kernel size in wheat.
文摘[Objectives]To explore the effects of paeonol on the inhibition of myocardial fibrosis in high glucose induced cardiac fibroblasts(CFs).[Methods]Differential adherence method was used to culture the primary CFs of neonatal rats(passage culture);CCK-8 method was used to detect the cell proliferation;MTT assay was used to screen the safe concentration of paeonol;the 2 nd to 3 rd generation CFs were randomly divided into normal group(5.5 mmol/L,expressed in C),high glucose group(30 mmol/L,expressed in HG),paeonol low dose group(Pae-L,17.5 mg/L),and medium dose paeonol group(Pae-M,35 mg/L),paeonol high dose group(Pae-H,70 mg/L);Western Blot method was used to detect the expression of Col-I and Col-III protein.[Results]The extraction of CFs from primary neonatal rats was successful;high glucose(30 mmol/L)induction had a significant proliferation effect on CFs;compared with the normal group,the expressions of COI-I and Col-III protein were increased in the high glucose group(P<0.05);compared with the high glucose group,the expression of COI-I protein was decreased in each treatment group(P<0.05,P<0.01),and the decrease was most significant in the high dose group(P<0.01);the expression of COI-III in the high dose group was decreased and it was statistically significant(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Paeonol significantly inhibited the proliferation of high glucose induced CFs in neonatal rats.This experiment is intended to provide a new experimental basis for the prevention and treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy(DCM).
文摘[Objectives] The protective effect of paeonol on DCM was further confirmed by observing the changes of myocardial structure and function in rats. [Methods] Rats were fed high-sugar and high-fat diet and injected intraperitoneally with streptozotocin(STZ) for two consecutive days to prepare animal model of type II diabetes. The model rats were randomly divided into model group, low-dose paeonol group(30 mg/kg), middle-dose paeonol group(60 mg/kg), high-dose paeonol group(120 mg/kg) and metformin group(157 mg/kg). The detected indicators included heart weight index(HWI), blood glucose(FBG), body mass, triglyceride(TG), and total cholesterol(TC). Myocardial pathological changes were observed by HE staining. The extent of myocardial fibrosis was observed by Masson staining. [Results] In the model group, the body weight of the rats declined significantly, and the phenomena of overdrinking, overeating and polyuria occurred. Compared with the model group, the body weight of rats in the paeonol treatment groups increased to different extents. Compared with the normal group, the HWI, FBG, LDH, AST, and TG increased in the model group, and decreased in different degrees in the paeonol treatment groups(P<0.05), suggesting that paeonol has certain protective effect on diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats. After HE staining and fixation, the myocardial tissue of rats was observed by optical microscope. The morphology of myocardial cells and myocardial fibers in the normal group were normal;Compared with the normal group, the model group has hypertrophy of myocardial cells, disordered arrangement of myocardial fibers, fiber breakage and dissolution, uneven staining between myocardial cells, and nucleus breakage or even disappearance;Compared with the model group, the pathological changes of myocardium in the paeonol treatment groups and DMBG group have been improved to different degrees. The arrangement of myocardial fibers is regular and the coloration is uniform. The results of Masson staining showed that in the normal group, and there was no significant increase of myocardial collagen fibers in the myocardial interstitium. Compared with the normal group, myocardial cells and interstitial collagen fibers(blue) in the model group were significantly increased. Compared with model group, myocardial collagen fiber hyperplasia in the paeonol treatment groups and DMBG group showed different degrees of improvement, among which the Pae-H group had the least blue bands and the most obvious improvement of collagen fiber. [Conclusions] Paeonol has different degrees of improvement effects on myocardial fibrosis in rats with diabetic cardiomyopathy, suggesting that paeonol has a protective effect on diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31930035,91942311,32061143028)Shanghai Science and Technology Commission(20410714000)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Developmental Program of China(2021YFA1301400)generous support from Flow cytometry Core and Sequencing Core at Shanghai Institute of Immunology and animal facility of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine。
文摘Group 2 innate lymphoid cells(ILC2s)play important tissue resident roles in anti-parasite immunity,allergic immune response,tissue homeostasis,and tumor immunity.ILC2s are considered tissue resident cells with little proliferation at steady state.Recent studies have shown that a subset of small intestinal ILC2s could leave their residing tissues,circulate and migrate to different organs,including lung,liver,mesenteric LN and spleen,upon activation.However,it remains unknown whether other ILC populations with migratory behavior exist.In this study,we find two major colon ILC2 populations with potential to migrate to the lung in response to IL-25 stimulation.One subset expresses IL-17A and resembles inflammatory ILC2s(iILC2s)but lacks CD27 expression,whereas the other expresses CD27 but not IL-17A.In addition,the IL-17A^(+)ILC2s express lower levels of CD127,CD25,and ST2 than CD27^(+)ILC2s,which express higher levels of IL-5 and IL-13.Surprisingly,we found that both colon ILC2 populations still maintained their colonic features of preferential expression of IL-17A and CD27,IL-5/IL-13,respectively.Together,our study identifies two migratory colon ILC2 subsets with unique surface markers and cytokine profiles which are critical in regulating lung and colon immunity and homeostasis.
文摘Three technical problems should be solved urgently in cyberspace security:the timeliness and accuracy of network attack detection,the credibility assessment and prediction of the security situation,and the effectiveness of security defense strategy optimization.Artificial intelligence(AI)algorithms have become the core means to increase the chance of security and improve the network attack and defense ability in the application of cyberspace security.Recently,the breakthrough and application of AI technology have provided a series of advanced approaches for further enhancing network defense ability.This work presents a comprehensive review of AI technology articles for cyberspace security applications,mainly from 2017 to 2022.The papers are selected from a variety of journals and conferences:52.68%are from Elsevier,Springer,and IEEE journals and 25%are from international conferences.With a specific focus on the latest approaches in machine learning(ML),deep learning(DL),and some popular optimization algorithms,the characteristics of the algorithmic models,performance results,datasets,potential benefits,and limitations are analyzed,and some of the existing challenges are highlighted.This work is intended to provide technical guidance for researchers who would like to obtain the potential of AI technical methods for cyberspace security and to provide tips for the later resolution of specific cyberspace security issues,and a mastery of the current development trends of technology and application and hot issues in the field of network security.It also indicates certain existing challenges and gives directions for addressing them effectively.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundations of China (No.21965019)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No.2017M613248)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province (No.1506 RJZA091)the Scientific Research Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Gansu Province (No.2015A-037)。
文摘Zinc-ion hybrid super-capacitors are regarded as promising safe energy storage systems,However,the relatively low volumetric energy density has become the main bottlenecks in practical applications of portable electronic devices,In this work,the zinc-ion hybrid super-capacitor with high volumetric energy density and superb cycle stability had been constructed which employing the high-density threedimensional graphene hydrogel as cathode and Zn foil used as anode in 1 mol/L ZnSO4 electrolyte.Benefiting from the abundant ion transport paths and the abundant active sites for graphene hydrogel with high density and porous structure,the zinc-ion hybrid super-capacitor exhibited an extremely high volumetric energy density of 118.42 Wh/L and a superb power density of 24.00 kW/L,as well as an excellent long cycle life(80% retention after 30,000 cycles at 10 A/g),which was superior to the volumetric energy density of the reported zinc-ion hybrid super-capacitors.This device,based on the fast ion adsorption/deso rption on the capacitor-type graphene cathode and reversible Zn^(2+) plating/stripping on the battery-type Zn anode,which will inspire the development of zinc-ion hybrid super-capacitor in miniaturized devices.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21801092,21872001,U1704140)the Program for the Development of Science and Technology of Jilin Province(20200801040GH)+3 种基金the Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province(202102210055)the General project of Chinese postdoctoral program(2020M672263)the Key Research Programs in Universities of Henan Province(20A150031)the Science and Technology Innovation Talent Support Program of Henan Province(19HASTIT034)。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81371213,81070987,and30971531)the grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2010CB945600 and 2010CB945601)
文摘Neuroplastin 65(Np65) is an immunoglobulin superfamily cell adhesion molecule involved in synaptic formation and plasticity. Our recent study showed that Np65-knockout(KO) mice exhibit abnormal cognition and emotional disorders. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we found 588 differentiallyexpressed genes in Np65-KO mice by microarray analysis.RT-PCR analysis also revealed the altered expression of genes associated with development and synaptic structure,such as Cdh1, Htr3 a, and Kcnj9. In addition, the expression of Wnt-3, a Wnt protein involved in development, was decreased in Np65-KO mice as evidenced by western blotting. Surprisingly, MRI and DAPI staining showed a significant reduction in the lateral ventricular volume of Np65-KO mice. Together, these findings suggest that ablation of Np65 influences gene expression, which may contribute to abnormal brain development. These results provide clues to the mechanisms underlying the altered brain functions of Np65-deficient mice.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21771140,51979194,and 51771138)We really appreciate the support by the state key laboratory of fine chemicals,Dalian University of Technology(No.KF 2001).
文摘In order to well arrange active sites and avoid byproducts, the reasonable structured carrier nanocatalyst plays a crucial role in high catalytic performance, but still remains a challenge. Herein, the layered CuNi-Cu_(2)O/NiAlO_(x) nanosheets have been constructed through hydrothermal synthesis followed by calcination and H_(2) reduction treatment process. The in-situ formed CuNi nanoalloys (NAs) and nano-Cu_(2)O were evenly distributed on the bilateral surface of layered NiAlOx nanosheets. Based on the planar structure of nanosheet, the synergy between catalytic active CuNi NAs and photocatalytic active nano-Cu_(2)O endows CuNi-Cu_(2)O/NiAlO_(x) nanosheets with rapid conversion efficiency for catalyzing p-nitrophenol (p-NP, 14 mg·L^(−1)) to p-aminophenol (p-AP) in 32 s with the reaction rate constant k up to 0.1779 s−1, and no obvious performance decay can be observed even over 27 cycles. Moreover, high concentration of p-NP at 10 and 20 g·L^(−1) could be reduced to p-AP within 14 and 20 min, respectively. Such designed nanoalloy/bimetal-oxide heterostructure can provide a solution for rapid conversion of aminoaromatics from nitroaromatics wastewater even at a large concentration range.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFC1001303)International Cooperation Project of China and Canada NSFC(81661128010)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(31471405,81671456,and 81671412)the National Key Basic Research Program(2013CB967404).
文摘The pathophysiology of preeclampsia(PE)remains unclear.PE spiral artery remodeling dysfunction and PE offspring cardiovascular future development has been a worldwide concern.We collected placental and umbilical artery samples from normotensive and PE pregnancies.Mineralocorticoid receptor(MR)and its alternative splicing variant(ASV)expression and their biological effects on PE were examined.An MR ASV was found to be highly expressed in all PE samples and slightly expressed in about half of the normotensive samples(umbilical artery,~57.58%;placenta,~36.84%).The MR ASV expression was positively associated with blood pressure in both groups.The MR ASV protein changed the aldosterone-induced expression pattern of MR target genes related to ion exchanges and cell signaling pathways.The MR ASV can also impair the proliferation,migration,and tube formation ability of endothelial cells.These findings indicate that MR ASV in PE placenta plays a pathogenic role in PE pathophysiology,especially in endothelial dysfunction,and the existence of the MR ASV in PE umbilical artery provides a new direction in the study of PE offspring with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Gansu Province (No. 2015A037)the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province (No. 1506 RJZA095)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation
文摘Supercapacitors with high energy density and high power density have attracted numerous attentions. Here, we successfully synthesized Ni6MnO8 material by a fast, facile, and cost-effective method, which the area specific capacitance was found to be as high as 1113 mF/cm^2 at a current density of 1 mA/cm^2. Further, the asymmetric supercapacitor was assembled by using Ni6MnO8 as the positive electrode and graphene as the negative electrode with an operation potential from 0 to 1.4 V. It exhibited an area specific capacitance of 69.1m F/cm^2 at 0.5 mA/cm^2 and stable cycling performance which presented about 80% capacitance retention after 5000 cycles at 5 mA/cm^2. The energy density of graphene//Ni6MnO8 supercapacitors was calculated to be 18.81 mWh/cm^2 at a power density of 350.1 mW/cm^2 and still remained 5.8 mWh/cm^2 at a power density of 6990.7 mW/cm^2, meaning that the asymmetric supercapacitor combine excellent power density and energy density.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21801092,U1804138,and 22006057)the Program for the Development of Science and Technology of Jilin Province(Nos.20210101409JC and 20200801040GH)+4 种基金the Program for Science&Technology Innovative Research Team at University of Henan Province(No.20IRTSTHN007)the Science&Technology Innovation Talents in Universities of Henan Province(No.22HASTIT028)the Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province(Nos.202102210055,212102210128,and 202102310615)Henan Postdoctoral Foundation(No.202003013)the General project of Chinese postdoctoral program(No.2020M672263).
文摘Optimizing photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction with simultaneous pollutant degradation is highly desired.However,the photocatalytic efficiency is restricted by the unmatched redox ability,high carriers’recombination rate,and lack of reactive sites of the present photocatalysts.Herein,the CuInZnS-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)hybrid with matched redox ability and suitable CO_(2)adsorption property was rationally synthesized.The nucleation and growth process of CuInZnS was interfered by the addition of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)with a negative charge,resulting in thinner nanosheets and richer reactive sites.Besides,the Schottky heterojunction built in the hybrid simultaneously improved the photoexcited charge transfer property,sunlight absorption range,and CO_(2)adsorption ability.Consequently,upon exposure to sunlight,CuInZnS-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)exhibited an efficient photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction performance(10.2μmol·h^(−1)·g^(−1))with synergetic tetracycline degradation,obviously higher than that of pure CuInZnS.Based on the combination of theoretical calculation and experimental characterization,the photocatalytic mechanism was investigated comprehensively.This work offers a reference for the remission of worldwide energy shortage and environmental pollution problems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51727901,81871484)。
文摘Assessment of lung and heart states is of critical importance for patients with pneumonia.In this study,we present a small-sized and ultrasensitive accelerometer for continuous monitoring of lung and heart sounds to evaluate the lung and heart states of patients.Based on two-stage amplification,which consists of an asymmetric gapped cantilever and a charge amplifier,our accelerometer exhibited an extremely high ratio of sensitivity to noise compared with conventional structures.Our sensor achieves a high sensitivity of 9.2V/g at frequencies less than 1000 Hz,making it suitable to use to monitor weak physiological signals,including heart and lung sounds.For the first time,lung injury,heart injury,and both lung and heart injuries in discharged pneumonia patients were revealed by our sensor device.Our sound sensor also successfully tracked the recovery course of the discharged pneumonia patients.Over time,the lung and heart states of the patients gradually improved after discharge.Our observations were in good agreement with clinical reports.Compared with conventional medical instruments,our sensor device provides rapid and highly sensitive detection of lung and heart sounds,which greatly helps in the evaluation of lung and heart states of pneumonia patients.This sensor provides a cost-effective alternative approach to the diagnosis and prognosis of pneumonia and has the potential for clinical and home-use health monitoring.
