Infectious diseases are the common enemies of mankind.In the course of historical development,they persistently threaten human health and safety.Even today,despite the developments in medical science,we cannot escape ...Infectious diseases are the common enemies of mankind.In the course of historical development,they persistently threaten human health and safety.Even today,despite the developments in medical science,we cannot escape the fear and suffering caused by infectious diseases.Whether in ancient or modern times,the source of infection,route of transmission,and a susceptible population are the three key conditions for the prevalence and spread of infectious diseases.All factors closely related to these three conditions can affect the prevalence of infectious diseases.China is one of the cradles of world civilization.The ancient people accumulated a great deal of experience and lessons in the long struggle against infectious diseases.In the face of the current threat posed by widespread infectious disease,it is imperative to review and summarize ancient Chinese ideas and health policies on epidemic prevention and control to inspire contemporary efforts in the prevention and control of infectious disease.The combination of prevention-oriented epidemic prevention ideology and traditional medicine provides valuable insights,especially for impoverished and medically underserved regions.展开更多
The gut microbiota has important functions in the regulation of normal body functions.Alterations of the microbiota are being increasingly linked to various disease states.The microbiome has been manipulated via the a...The gut microbiota has important functions in the regulation of normal body functions.Alterations of the microbiota are being increasingly linked to various disease states.The microbiome has been manipulated via the administration of stool from animals or humans,for more than 1000 years.Currently,fecal microbiota transplantation can be performed via endoscopic administration of fecal matter to the duodenum or colon or via capsules of lyophilized stools.More recently fecal microbial transplantation has been shown to be very effective for recurrent Clostridoides difficile infection(CDI).In addition there is some evidence of efficacy in the metabolic syndrome and its hepatic manifestation,metabolic associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD),irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)and inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).We review the current literature regarding the microbiome and the pathogenesis and treatment of CDI,MAFLD,IBS and IBD.展开更多
All cells in the body metabolize oxygen in a series of reactions in the mitochondria to generate energy.A by-product of these reactions is the production of highly reactive oxygen radicals which have the potential to ...All cells in the body metabolize oxygen in a series of reactions in the mitochondria to generate energy.A by-product of these reactions is the production of highly reactive oxygen radicals which have the potential to cause irreparable damage to cellular components,and have been linked to mutagenic and neurotoxicity of the nervous system.Under normal conditions,innate molecular systems,glutathione,superoxide dismutases,展开更多
The capillaries of the brain are particularly special,as they are not simply conduits for blood,but are primarily responsible to ensure that the neurons function in a strictly regulated homeostatic interstitium.Brain ...The capillaries of the brain are particularly special,as they are not simply conduits for blood,but are primarily responsible to ensure that the neurons function in a strictly regulated homeostatic interstitium.Brain endothelial cells(BECs)express a plethora of ion channels on its luminal and abluminal surfaces,namely:potassium(K^+)channels(i.e.,Kir2 and Kv1),chloride(Cl^)/bicarbonate(HCO3^–)channels,as well as a number of ion-solute exchangers(Redzic et al.,2011).展开更多
文摘Infectious diseases are the common enemies of mankind.In the course of historical development,they persistently threaten human health and safety.Even today,despite the developments in medical science,we cannot escape the fear and suffering caused by infectious diseases.Whether in ancient or modern times,the source of infection,route of transmission,and a susceptible population are the three key conditions for the prevalence and spread of infectious diseases.All factors closely related to these three conditions can affect the prevalence of infectious diseases.China is one of the cradles of world civilization.The ancient people accumulated a great deal of experience and lessons in the long struggle against infectious diseases.In the face of the current threat posed by widespread infectious disease,it is imperative to review and summarize ancient Chinese ideas and health policies on epidemic prevention and control to inspire contemporary efforts in the prevention and control of infectious disease.The combination of prevention-oriented epidemic prevention ideology and traditional medicine provides valuable insights,especially for impoverished and medically underserved regions.
文摘The gut microbiota has important functions in the regulation of normal body functions.Alterations of the microbiota are being increasingly linked to various disease states.The microbiome has been manipulated via the administration of stool from animals or humans,for more than 1000 years.Currently,fecal microbiota transplantation can be performed via endoscopic administration of fecal matter to the duodenum or colon or via capsules of lyophilized stools.More recently fecal microbial transplantation has been shown to be very effective for recurrent Clostridoides difficile infection(CDI).In addition there is some evidence of efficacy in the metabolic syndrome and its hepatic manifestation,metabolic associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD),irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)and inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).We review the current literature regarding the microbiome and the pathogenesis and treatment of CDI,MAFLD,IBS and IBD.
文摘All cells in the body metabolize oxygen in a series of reactions in the mitochondria to generate energy.A by-product of these reactions is the production of highly reactive oxygen radicals which have the potential to cause irreparable damage to cellular components,and have been linked to mutagenic and neurotoxicity of the nervous system.Under normal conditions,innate molecular systems,glutathione,superoxide dismutases,
文摘The capillaries of the brain are particularly special,as they are not simply conduits for blood,but are primarily responsible to ensure that the neurons function in a strictly regulated homeostatic interstitium.Brain endothelial cells(BECs)express a plethora of ion channels on its luminal and abluminal surfaces,namely:potassium(K^+)channels(i.e.,Kir2 and Kv1),chloride(Cl^)/bicarbonate(HCO3^–)channels,as well as a number of ion-solute exchangers(Redzic et al.,2011).
