Objective: Patients with radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer(RAIR-DTC) are often diagnosed with delay and constrained to limited treatment options. The correlation between RAI refractoriness an...Objective: Patients with radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer(RAIR-DTC) are often diagnosed with delay and constrained to limited treatment options. The correlation between RAI refractoriness and the underlying genetic characteristics has not been extensively studied.Methods: Adult patients with distant metastatic DTC were enrolled and assigned to undergo next-generation sequencing of a customized 26-gene panel(Thyro Lead). Patients were classified into RAIR-DTC or non-RAIR groups to determine the differences in clinicopathological and molecular characteristics. Molecular risk stratification(MRS) was constructed based on the association between molecular alterations identified and RAI refractoriness, and the results were classified as high, intermediate or low MRS.Results: A total of 220 patients with distant metastases were included, 63.2% of whom were identified as RAIRDTC. Genetic alterations were identified in 90% of all the patients, with BRAF(59.7% vs. 17.3%), TERT promoter(43.9% vs. 7.4%), and TP53 mutations(11.5% vs. 3.7%) being more prevalent in the RAIR-DTC group than in the non-RAIR group, except for RET fusions(15.8% vs. 39.5%), which had the opposite pattern. BRAF and TERT promoter are independent predictors of RAIR-DTC, accounting for 67.6% of patients with RAIR-DTC. MRS was strongly associated with RAI refractoriness(P<0.001), with an odds ratio(OR) of high to low MRS of 7.52 [95%confidence interval(95% CI), 3.96-14.28;P<0.001] and an OR of intermediate to low MRS of 3.20(95% CI,1.01-10.14;P=0.041).Conclusions: Molecular alterations were associated with RAI refractoriness, with BRAF and TERT promoter mutations being the predominant contributors, followed by TP53 and DICER1 mutations. MRS might serve as a valuable tool for both prognosticating clinical outcomes and directing precision-based therapeutic interventions.展开更多
AIM:To explore the effect of silent information regulator factor 2-related enzyme 1(SIRT1)on modulating apoptosis of human lens epithelial cells(HLECs)and alleviating lens opacification of rats through suppressing end...AIM:To explore the effect of silent information regulator factor 2-related enzyme 1(SIRT1)on modulating apoptosis of human lens epithelial cells(HLECs)and alleviating lens opacification of rats through suppressing endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress.METHODS:HLECs(SRA01/04)were treated with varying concentrations of tunicamycin(TM)for 24h,and the expression of SIRT1 and C/EBP homologous protein(CHOP)was assessed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),Western blotting,and immunofluorescence.Cell morphology and proliferation was evaluated using an inverted microscope and cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay,respectively.In the SRA01/04 cell apoptosis model,which underwent siRNA transfection for SIRT1 knockdown and SRT1720 treatment for its activation,the expression levels of SIRT1,CHOP,glucose regulated protein 78(GRP78),and activating transcription factor 4(ATF4)were examined.The potential reversal of SIRT1 knockdown effects by 4-phenyl butyric acid(4-PBA;an ER stress inhibitor)was investigated.In vivo,age-related cataract(ARC)rat models were induced by sodium selenite injection,and the protective role of SIRT1,activated by SRT1720 intraperitoneal injections,was evaluated through morphology observation,hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)staining,Western blotting,and RT-PCR.RESULTS:SIRT1 expression was downregulated in TMinduced SRA01/04 cells.Besides,in SRA01/04 cells,both cell apoptosis and CHOP expression increased with the rising doses of TM.ER stress was stimulated by TM,as evidenced by the increased GRP78 and ATF4 in the SRA01/04 cell apoptosis model.Inhibition of SIRT1 by siRNA knockdown increased ER stress activation,whereas SRT1720 treatment had opposite results.4-PBA partly reverse the adverse effect of SIRT1 knockdown on apoptosis.In vivo,SRT1720 attenuated the lens opacification and weakened the ER stress activation in ARC rat models.CONCLUSION:SIRT1 plays a protective role against TM-induced apoptosis in HLECs and slows the progression of cataract in rats by inhibiting ER stress.These findings suggest a novel strategy for cataract treatment focused on targeting ER stress,highlighting the therapeutic potential of SIRT1 modulation in ARC development.展开更多
Background Triglyceride glucose (TyG) index is a novel marker for metabolic disorders, and recently it has been reported to be associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in apparently healthy individuals.Howeve...Background Triglyceride glucose (TyG) index is a novel marker for metabolic disorders, and recently it has been reported to be associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in apparently healthy individuals.However the prognostic value of TyG index in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) is not determined.展开更多
The one-pot assembly reaction of a trilacunary,lone-pair-containing[B-α-SbW9O33]9.precursor with Co2+ions in an aqueous medium led to the isolation of a novel{SbO3(H2O)3}bridging,dicobalt-substituted,sandwich-type tu...The one-pot assembly reaction of a trilacunary,lone-pair-containing[B-α-SbW9O33]9.precursor with Co2+ions in an aqueous medium led to the isolation of a novel{SbO3(H2O)3}bridging,dicobalt-substituted,sandwich-type tungstoantimonate{Co2Sb2(H2O)10[B-β-SbW9O33]2}^4–(1a).This compound was structurally characterized in the solid state by single-crystal X-ray diffraction,elemental analyses,thermogravimetric analysis,and IR spectroscopy.The most remarkable feature was that 1a comprises two trilacunary[B-β-SbW9O33]9^-fragments trapping a novel,centrally symmetric,rhomb-like{Co2Sb2}belt with 10 terminal water molecules.When combined with the photosensitizer[Ru(bpy)3]^2+and the sacrificial electron acceptor S2O82.,1a exhibited efficient catalytic activity for water oxidation with a remarkable turnover number(TON)of 193,initial turnover frequency(TOFinitial)of 5.3 s^-1,O2 yield of 30.8%,and quantum yield(ФQY)of 36.2%under light-driven conditions.展开更多
Background Though type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is an important and independent risk factor for coronary artery disease(CAD)in general population,whether this feature also exists in patients with familial hypercholest...Background Though type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is an important and independent risk factor for coronary artery disease(CAD)in general population,whether this feature also exists in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia(FH)is less determined.The current study aims to characterize the clinical,laboratory,coronary and genetic characteristics of the FH patients with T2DM compared with FH alone.展开更多
Background Relations of lipoprotein (a)(Lp[a]) and proprotein convertase substilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) levels to coronary artery disease (CAD) have been well established in general population, while little is known...Background Relations of lipoprotein (a)(Lp[a]) and proprotein convertase substilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) levels to coronary artery disease (CAD) have been well established in general population, while little is known about the association between Lp(a) or PCSK9 and atherosclerotic lesions of different artery sites in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH).展开更多
In this article,we summarize the clinical experience ofProfessor Ruixia Pei,a famous traditional Chinese medicine practitioner in Shaanxi Province,China,in treating hyperthyroidism.The etiology and pathogenesis,syndro...In this article,we summarize the clinical experience ofProfessor Ruixia Pei,a famous traditional Chinese medicine practitioner in Shaanxi Province,China,in treating hyperthyroidism.The etiology and pathogenesis,syndrome differentiation,and medication experience are introduced in detail.This paper summarizes the advantages of Professor Pei's methods of syndrome differentiation and treatment of hyperthyroidism.This may help enrich the clinical treatment of hyperthyroidism,and provide some diagnosis and treatment ideas.展开更多
This study is to summarize Professor Pei's experience in treating hypothyroidism.Professor Pei has been engaged in clinical endocrinology for more than 30 years and has unique insights into hypothyroidism.She beli...This study is to summarize Professor Pei's experience in treating hypothyroidism.Professor Pei has been engaged in clinical endocrinology for more than 30 years and has unique insights into hypothyroidism.She believes that the disease is caused by liver depression,phlegm binding,yin deficiency,and fire effulgence.The basic principles of treatment are regulating Qi movement and harmonizing viscera.During treatment,the emphasis is on the influence of emotions on the disease.Both the liver and spleen should be given equal attention and the medication should be mild with balanced cold and heat.展开更多
The corneal epithelium is composed of stratified squamous epithelial cells on the outer surface of the eye,which acts as a protective barrier and is critical for clear and stable vision.Its continuous renewal or wound...The corneal epithelium is composed of stratified squamous epithelial cells on the outer surface of the eye,which acts as a protective barrier and is critical for clear and stable vision.Its continuous renewal or wound healing depends on the proliferation and differentiation of limbal stem cells(LSCs),a cell population that resides at the limbus in a highly regulated niche.Dysfunction of LSCs or their niche can cause limbal stem cell deficiency,a disease that is manifested by failed epithelial wound healing or even blindness.Nevertheless,compared to stem cells in other tissues,little is known about the LSCs and their niche.With the advent of single-cell RNA sequencing,our understanding of LSC characteristics and their microenvironment has grown considerably.In this review,we summarized the current findings from single-cell studies in the field of cornea research and focused on important advancements driven by this technology,including the heterogeneity of the LSC population,novel LSC markers and regulation of the LSC niche,which will provide a reference for clinical issues such as corneal epithelial wound healing,ocular surface reconstruction and interventions for related diseases.展开更多
BACKGROUND Improved adenoma detection at colonoscopy has decreased the risk of developing colorectal cancer.However,whether image-enhanced endoscopy(IEE)further improves the adenoma detection rate(ADR)is controversial...BACKGROUND Improved adenoma detection at colonoscopy has decreased the risk of developing colorectal cancer.However,whether image-enhanced endoscopy(IEE)further improves the adenoma detection rate(ADR)is controversial.AIM To compare IEE with white-light imaging(WLI)endoscopy for the detection and identification of colorectal adenoma.METHODS This was a multicenter,randomized,controlled trial.Participants were enrolled between September 2019 to April 2021 from 4 hospital in China.Patients were randomly assigned to an IEE group with WLI on entry and IEE on withdrawal(n=2113)or a WLI group with WLI on both entry and withdrawal(n=2098).The primary outcome was the ADR.The secondary endpoints were the polyp detection rate(PDR),adenomas per colonoscopy,adenomas per positive colonoscopy,and factors related to adenoma detection.RESULTS A total of 4211 patients(966 adenomas)were included in the analysis(mean age,56.7 years,47.1%male).There were 2113 patients(508 adenomas)in the IEE group and 2098 patients(458 adenomas)in the WLI group.The ADR in two group were not significantly different[24.0%vs 21.8%,1.10,95%confidence interval(CI):0.99-1.23,P=0.09].The PDR was higher with IEE group(41.7%)than with WLI group(36.1%,1.16,95%CI:1.07-1.25,P=0.01).Differences in mean withdrawal time(7.90±3.42 min vs 7.85±3.47 min,P=0.30)and adenomas per colonoscopy(0.33±0.68 vs 0.28±0.62,P=0.06)were not significant.Subgroup analysis found that with narrowband imaging(NBI),between-group differences in the ADR,were not significant(23.7%vs 21.8%,1.09,95%CI:0.97-1.22,P=0.15),but were greater with linked color imaging(30.9%vs 21.8%,1.42,95%CI:1.04-1.93,P=0.04).the second-generation NBI(2G-NBI)had an advantage of ADR than both WLI and the first-generation NBI(27.0%vs 21.8%,P=0.01;27.0%vs 21.2.0%,P=0.01).CONCLUSION This prospective study confirmed that,among Chinese,IEE didn’t increase the ADR compared with WLI,but 2G-NBI increase the ADR.展开更多
This paper discusses two urgent problems that need to be solved in fully automatic operation(FAO)for urban rail transit.The first is the analysis of safety in FAO,while another is the analysis of efficiency in FAO.Fir...This paper discusses two urgent problems that need to be solved in fully automatic operation(FAO)for urban rail transit.The first is the analysis of safety in FAO,while another is the analysis of efficiency in FAO.Firstly,this paper establishes an operational safety evaluation index system from the perspective of operation for the unique or typical risk sources of the FAO system,and uses the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)to evaluate the indicators,analyzes various factors that affect the safe operation of FAO,and provides safety management recommendations for FAO lines operation to maintain the FAO system specifically.Secondly,taking the Yanfang Line as an example,this paper uses OpenTrack software to analyze the efficiency of FAO operation,and conducts simulation calculations for key links such as the mainline tracking interval,train entry and exit,and return limit interval.The fault impact surface of the FAO trains is simulated and discussed to verify whether FAO can meet the long-term operation requirements of Yanfang Line.Finally,this paper compares the simulation data of FAO on the Yanfang Line with manual operation(MO)to verify the advantages of FAO and guide the engineering construction of subsequent fully automated driving lines.展开更多
Nucleotide second messengers are highly versatile signaling molecules that regulate a variety of key biological processes in bacteria.The best-studied examples are cyclic AMP(cAMP)and bis-(3'-5')-cyclic dimeri...Nucleotide second messengers are highly versatile signaling molecules that regulate a variety of key biological processes in bacteria.The best-studied examples are cyclic AMP(cAMP)and bis-(3'-5')-cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate(c-di-GMP),which both act as global regulators.Global regulatory frameworks of c-di-GMP and cAMP in bacteria show several parallels but also significant variances.In this review,we llustrate the global regulatory models of the two nucleotide second messengers,compare the different regulatory frameworks between c-di-GMP and cAMP,and discuss the mechanisms and physiological significance of cross-regulation between c-di-GMP and cAMP.c-di-GMP responds to numerous signals de-pendent on a great number of metabolic enzymes,and it regulates various signal transduction pathways through its huge number of effectors with varying activities.In contrast,due to the limited quantity,the cAMP metabolic enzymes and its major effector are regulated at different levels by diverse signals.cAMP performs its global regulatory function primarily by controlling the transcription of a large number of genes via cAMP receptor protein(CRP)in most bacteria.This review can help us understand how bacteria use the two typical nucleotide second messengers to effectively coordinate and integrate various physiological processes,providing theoretical guidelines for future research.展开更多
This paper focuses on the distribution of passenger flow in Huoying Station,Line 13 of Beijing subway system.The transformation measures taken by Line 13 since operation are firstly summarized.Then the authors elabora...This paper focuses on the distribution of passenger flow in Huoying Station,Line 13 of Beijing subway system.The transformation measures taken by Line 13 since operation are firstly summarized.Then the authors elaborate the facilities and equipment of this station,especially the node layout and passenger flow field.An optimization scheme is proposed to rapidly distribute the passenger flow in Huoying Station by adjusting the operation time of the escalator in the direction of Xizhimen.The authors adopt Queuing theory and Anylogic simulation software to simulate the original and the optimized schemes of Huoying Station to distribute the passenger flow.The results of the simulation indicate that the optimized scheme could effectively alleviate the traffic congestion in the hall of Huoying Station,and the pedestrian density in other places of the hall is lowered;passengers could move freely in the hall and no new congestion points would form.The rationality of the scheme is thus proved.展开更多
Objective: Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) that occur after chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells are reinfused, which severely affect the survival and prognosis of patients. Althoug...Objective: Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) that occur after chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells are reinfused, which severely affect the survival and prognosis of patients. Although several articles have reported on the care of CAR-T cell immunotherapy, the quality of the study and the effectiveness of holistic nursing interventions have not been systematically reviewed. The purpose of this study was to systematically evaluate the existing holistic nursing interventions of CAR-T cell immunotherapy. Methods: A literature search for keywords was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM, and Wanfang Data from its inception until January 2018. Studies were deemed eligible if they comprised patients with tumor receiving CAR-T cell immunotherapy, described the holistic nursing process, and were published in Chinese and English. Results: A total of 6 articles on holistic nursing interventions of CAR-T cell immunotherapy are reported, and the nursing methods and results of each article are analyzed. The quality of the studies included was medium. All nursing measures were considered effective. Conclusions: Holistic nursing programs reduce the incidence of CRS and TLS and improve the quality of life of cancer patients.展开更多
Lower eyelid retraction describes the inferior displacement of the lower eyelid with or without inversion or ectropion.Based on the causes of lower eyelid retraction,we divided the forming factors of lower eyelid retr...Lower eyelid retraction describes the inferior displacement of the lower eyelid with or without inversion or ectropion.Based on the causes of lower eyelid retraction,we divided the forming factors of lower eyelid retraction into three categories:(1)change in the balance of forces associated with the lower eyelid margin;(2)excessive loss of lower eyelid volume;(3)changes in the relative position of the eyeball and lower lid margin.In this review,the corresponding treatment methods are elaborated on individually for the above three forming factors.We also reported,for the first time,a new treatment for lower eyelid retraction.We created a dermal-orbicularis oculi suspension flap on the lateral side of the canthus and suspended it upward and inward on the dense connective tissue over the lateral bony surface of the orbital rim.The longest follow-up time was one year,and the results were satisfactory.展开更多
基金supported by the Project on InterGovernmental International Scientific and Technological Innovation Cooperation in National Key Projects of Research and Development Plan (No. 2019YFE0106400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81771875)。
文摘Objective: Patients with radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer(RAIR-DTC) are often diagnosed with delay and constrained to limited treatment options. The correlation between RAI refractoriness and the underlying genetic characteristics has not been extensively studied.Methods: Adult patients with distant metastatic DTC were enrolled and assigned to undergo next-generation sequencing of a customized 26-gene panel(Thyro Lead). Patients were classified into RAIR-DTC or non-RAIR groups to determine the differences in clinicopathological and molecular characteristics. Molecular risk stratification(MRS) was constructed based on the association between molecular alterations identified and RAI refractoriness, and the results were classified as high, intermediate or low MRS.Results: A total of 220 patients with distant metastases were included, 63.2% of whom were identified as RAIRDTC. Genetic alterations were identified in 90% of all the patients, with BRAF(59.7% vs. 17.3%), TERT promoter(43.9% vs. 7.4%), and TP53 mutations(11.5% vs. 3.7%) being more prevalent in the RAIR-DTC group than in the non-RAIR group, except for RET fusions(15.8% vs. 39.5%), which had the opposite pattern. BRAF and TERT promoter are independent predictors of RAIR-DTC, accounting for 67.6% of patients with RAIR-DTC. MRS was strongly associated with RAI refractoriness(P<0.001), with an odds ratio(OR) of high to low MRS of 7.52 [95%confidence interval(95% CI), 3.96-14.28;P<0.001] and an OR of intermediate to low MRS of 3.20(95% CI,1.01-10.14;P=0.041).Conclusions: Molecular alterations were associated with RAI refractoriness, with BRAF and TERT promoter mutations being the predominant contributors, followed by TP53 and DICER1 mutations. MRS might serve as a valuable tool for both prognosticating clinical outcomes and directing precision-based therapeutic interventions.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China(No.82101097)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82070937).
文摘AIM:To explore the effect of silent information regulator factor 2-related enzyme 1(SIRT1)on modulating apoptosis of human lens epithelial cells(HLECs)and alleviating lens opacification of rats through suppressing endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress.METHODS:HLECs(SRA01/04)were treated with varying concentrations of tunicamycin(TM)for 24h,and the expression of SIRT1 and C/EBP homologous protein(CHOP)was assessed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),Western blotting,and immunofluorescence.Cell morphology and proliferation was evaluated using an inverted microscope and cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay,respectively.In the SRA01/04 cell apoptosis model,which underwent siRNA transfection for SIRT1 knockdown and SRT1720 treatment for its activation,the expression levels of SIRT1,CHOP,glucose regulated protein 78(GRP78),and activating transcription factor 4(ATF4)were examined.The potential reversal of SIRT1 knockdown effects by 4-phenyl butyric acid(4-PBA;an ER stress inhibitor)was investigated.In vivo,age-related cataract(ARC)rat models were induced by sodium selenite injection,and the protective role of SIRT1,activated by SRT1720 intraperitoneal injections,was evaluated through morphology observation,hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)staining,Western blotting,and RT-PCR.RESULTS:SIRT1 expression was downregulated in TMinduced SRA01/04 cells.Besides,in SRA01/04 cells,both cell apoptosis and CHOP expression increased with the rising doses of TM.ER stress was stimulated by TM,as evidenced by the increased GRP78 and ATF4 in the SRA01/04 cell apoptosis model.Inhibition of SIRT1 by siRNA knockdown increased ER stress activation,whereas SRT1720 treatment had opposite results.4-PBA partly reverse the adverse effect of SIRT1 knockdown on apoptosis.In vivo,SRT1720 attenuated the lens opacification and weakened the ER stress activation in ARC rat models.CONCLUSION:SIRT1 plays a protective role against TM-induced apoptosis in HLECs and slows the progression of cataract in rats by inhibiting ER stress.These findings suggest a novel strategy for cataract treatment focused on targeting ER stress,highlighting the therapeutic potential of SIRT1 modulation in ARC development.
文摘Background Triglyceride glucose (TyG) index is a novel marker for metabolic disorders, and recently it has been reported to be associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in apparently healthy individuals.However the prognostic value of TyG index in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) is not determined.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21773096)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(lzujbky-2018-k08)the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province(17JR5RA186)~~
文摘The one-pot assembly reaction of a trilacunary,lone-pair-containing[B-α-SbW9O33]9.precursor with Co2+ions in an aqueous medium led to the isolation of a novel{SbO3(H2O)3}bridging,dicobalt-substituted,sandwich-type tungstoantimonate{Co2Sb2(H2O)10[B-β-SbW9O33]2}^4–(1a).This compound was structurally characterized in the solid state by single-crystal X-ray diffraction,elemental analyses,thermogravimetric analysis,and IR spectroscopy.The most remarkable feature was that 1a comprises two trilacunary[B-β-SbW9O33]9^-fragments trapping a novel,centrally symmetric,rhomb-like{Co2Sb2}belt with 10 terminal water molecules.When combined with the photosensitizer[Ru(bpy)3]^2+and the sacrificial electron acceptor S2O82.,1a exhibited efficient catalytic activity for water oxidation with a remarkable turnover number(TON)of 193,initial turnover frequency(TOFinitial)of 5.3 s^-1,O2 yield of 30.8%,and quantum yield(ФQY)of 36.2%under light-driven conditions.
文摘Background Though type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is an important and independent risk factor for coronary artery disease(CAD)in general population,whether this feature also exists in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia(FH)is less determined.The current study aims to characterize the clinical,laboratory,coronary and genetic characteristics of the FH patients with T2DM compared with FH alone.
文摘Background Relations of lipoprotein (a)(Lp[a]) and proprotein convertase substilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) levels to coronary artery disease (CAD) have been well established in general population, while little is known about the association between Lp(a) or PCSK9 and atherosclerotic lesions of different artery sites in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH).
文摘In this article,we summarize the clinical experience ofProfessor Ruixia Pei,a famous traditional Chinese medicine practitioner in Shaanxi Province,China,in treating hyperthyroidism.The etiology and pathogenesis,syndrome differentiation,and medication experience are introduced in detail.This paper summarizes the advantages of Professor Pei's methods of syndrome differentiation and treatment of hyperthyroidism.This may help enrich the clinical treatment of hyperthyroidism,and provide some diagnosis and treatment ideas.
文摘This study is to summarize Professor Pei's experience in treating hypothyroidism.Professor Pei has been engaged in clinical endocrinology for more than 30 years and has unique insights into hypothyroidism.She believes that the disease is caused by liver depression,phlegm binding,yin deficiency,and fire effulgence.The basic principles of treatment are regulating Qi movement and harmonizing viscera.During treatment,the emphasis is on the influence of emotions on the disease.Both the liver and spleen should be given equal attention and the medication should be mild with balanced cold and heat.
文摘The corneal epithelium is composed of stratified squamous epithelial cells on the outer surface of the eye,which acts as a protective barrier and is critical for clear and stable vision.Its continuous renewal or wound healing depends on the proliferation and differentiation of limbal stem cells(LSCs),a cell population that resides at the limbus in a highly regulated niche.Dysfunction of LSCs or their niche can cause limbal stem cell deficiency,a disease that is manifested by failed epithelial wound healing or even blindness.Nevertheless,compared to stem cells in other tissues,little is known about the LSCs and their niche.With the advent of single-cell RNA sequencing,our understanding of LSC characteristics and their microenvironment has grown considerably.In this review,we summarized the current findings from single-cell studies in the field of cornea research and focused on important advancements driven by this technology,including the heterogeneity of the LSC population,novel LSC markers and regulation of the LSC niche,which will provide a reference for clinical issues such as corneal epithelial wound healing,ocular surface reconstruction and interventions for related diseases.
基金Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China,No. 2018YFC1315005National Natural Science Foundation of China,No. 82002515+1 种基金Shanghai Sailing Program,No. 20YF1407200China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,No. 2020M681177
文摘BACKGROUND Improved adenoma detection at colonoscopy has decreased the risk of developing colorectal cancer.However,whether image-enhanced endoscopy(IEE)further improves the adenoma detection rate(ADR)is controversial.AIM To compare IEE with white-light imaging(WLI)endoscopy for the detection and identification of colorectal adenoma.METHODS This was a multicenter,randomized,controlled trial.Participants were enrolled between September 2019 to April 2021 from 4 hospital in China.Patients were randomly assigned to an IEE group with WLI on entry and IEE on withdrawal(n=2113)or a WLI group with WLI on both entry and withdrawal(n=2098).The primary outcome was the ADR.The secondary endpoints were the polyp detection rate(PDR),adenomas per colonoscopy,adenomas per positive colonoscopy,and factors related to adenoma detection.RESULTS A total of 4211 patients(966 adenomas)were included in the analysis(mean age,56.7 years,47.1%male).There were 2113 patients(508 adenomas)in the IEE group and 2098 patients(458 adenomas)in the WLI group.The ADR in two group were not significantly different[24.0%vs 21.8%,1.10,95%confidence interval(CI):0.99-1.23,P=0.09].The PDR was higher with IEE group(41.7%)than with WLI group(36.1%,1.16,95%CI:1.07-1.25,P=0.01).Differences in mean withdrawal time(7.90±3.42 min vs 7.85±3.47 min,P=0.30)and adenomas per colonoscopy(0.33±0.68 vs 0.28±0.62,P=0.06)were not significant.Subgroup analysis found that with narrowband imaging(NBI),between-group differences in the ADR,were not significant(23.7%vs 21.8%,1.09,95%CI:0.97-1.22,P=0.15),but were greater with linked color imaging(30.9%vs 21.8%,1.42,95%CI:1.04-1.93,P=0.04).the second-generation NBI(2G-NBI)had an advantage of ADR than both WLI and the first-generation NBI(27.0%vs 21.8%,P=0.01;27.0%vs 21.2.0%,P=0.01).CONCLUSION This prospective study confirmed that,among Chinese,IEE didn’t increase the ADR compared with WLI,but 2G-NBI increase the ADR.
文摘This paper discusses two urgent problems that need to be solved in fully automatic operation(FAO)for urban rail transit.The first is the analysis of safety in FAO,while another is the analysis of efficiency in FAO.Firstly,this paper establishes an operational safety evaluation index system from the perspective of operation for the unique or typical risk sources of the FAO system,and uses the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)to evaluate the indicators,analyzes various factors that affect the safe operation of FAO,and provides safety management recommendations for FAO lines operation to maintain the FAO system specifically.Secondly,taking the Yanfang Line as an example,this paper uses OpenTrack software to analyze the efficiency of FAO operation,and conducts simulation calculations for key links such as the mainline tracking interval,train entry and exit,and return limit interval.The fault impact surface of the FAO trains is simulated and discussed to verify whether FAO can meet the long-term operation requirements of Yanfang Line.Finally,this paper compares the simulation data of FAO on the Yanfang Line with manual operation(MO)to verify the advantages of FAO and guide the engineering construction of subsequent fully automated driving lines.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32370023,32370583,31970036,and 31900401)Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(20KJB180001 and 20KJA180007)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20210920 and BK20231350)Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund(Cx223125)Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD).
文摘Nucleotide second messengers are highly versatile signaling molecules that regulate a variety of key biological processes in bacteria.The best-studied examples are cyclic AMP(cAMP)and bis-(3'-5')-cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate(c-di-GMP),which both act as global regulators.Global regulatory frameworks of c-di-GMP and cAMP in bacteria show several parallels but also significant variances.In this review,we llustrate the global regulatory models of the two nucleotide second messengers,compare the different regulatory frameworks between c-di-GMP and cAMP,and discuss the mechanisms and physiological significance of cross-regulation between c-di-GMP and cAMP.c-di-GMP responds to numerous signals de-pendent on a great number of metabolic enzymes,and it regulates various signal transduction pathways through its huge number of effectors with varying activities.In contrast,due to the limited quantity,the cAMP metabolic enzymes and its major effector are regulated at different levels by diverse signals.cAMP performs its global regulatory function primarily by controlling the transcription of a large number of genes via cAMP receptor protein(CRP)in most bacteria.This review can help us understand how bacteria use the two typical nucleotide second messengers to effectively coordinate and integrate various physiological processes,providing theoretical guidelines for future research.
基金This research is supported by Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(9204023)Ministry of Education“Tiancheng Huizhi”Innovation and Education Promotion Foundation(2018A01012).
文摘This paper focuses on the distribution of passenger flow in Huoying Station,Line 13 of Beijing subway system.The transformation measures taken by Line 13 since operation are firstly summarized.Then the authors elaborate the facilities and equipment of this station,especially the node layout and passenger flow field.An optimization scheme is proposed to rapidly distribute the passenger flow in Huoying Station by adjusting the operation time of the escalator in the direction of Xizhimen.The authors adopt Queuing theory and Anylogic simulation software to simulate the original and the optimized schemes of Huoying Station to distribute the passenger flow.The results of the simulation indicate that the optimized scheme could effectively alleviate the traffic congestion in the hall of Huoying Station,and the pedestrian density in other places of the hall is lowered;passengers could move freely in the hall and no new congestion points would form.The rationality of the scheme is thus proved.
基金supported by Liaoning Natural Science Foundation(No.20180550229)
文摘Objective: Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) that occur after chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells are reinfused, which severely affect the survival and prognosis of patients. Although several articles have reported on the care of CAR-T cell immunotherapy, the quality of the study and the effectiveness of holistic nursing interventions have not been systematically reviewed. The purpose of this study was to systematically evaluate the existing holistic nursing interventions of CAR-T cell immunotherapy. Methods: A literature search for keywords was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM, and Wanfang Data from its inception until January 2018. Studies were deemed eligible if they comprised patients with tumor receiving CAR-T cell immunotherapy, described the holistic nursing process, and were published in Chinese and English. Results: A total of 6 articles on holistic nursing interventions of CAR-T cell immunotherapy are reported, and the nursing methods and results of each article are analyzed. The quality of the studies included was medium. All nursing measures were considered effective. Conclusions: Holistic nursing programs reduce the incidence of CRS and TLS and improve the quality of life of cancer patients.
基金The study was sponsored by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(grant no.19ZR1430100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.81871576).
文摘Lower eyelid retraction describes the inferior displacement of the lower eyelid with or without inversion or ectropion.Based on the causes of lower eyelid retraction,we divided the forming factors of lower eyelid retraction into three categories:(1)change in the balance of forces associated with the lower eyelid margin;(2)excessive loss of lower eyelid volume;(3)changes in the relative position of the eyeball and lower lid margin.In this review,the corresponding treatment methods are elaborated on individually for the above three forming factors.We also reported,for the first time,a new treatment for lower eyelid retraction.We created a dermal-orbicularis oculi suspension flap on the lateral side of the canthus and suspended it upward and inward on the dense connective tissue over the lateral bony surface of the orbital rim.The longest follow-up time was one year,and the results were satisfactory.
