This paper concentrates on the study of the three-dimensional free vibrations in a homogenous isotropic, viscothermoelastic hollow sphere whose surfaces are subjected to stress free, thermally insulated or isothermal ...This paper concentrates on the study of the three-dimensional free vibrations in a homogenous isotropic, viscothermoelastic hollow sphere whose surfaces are subjected to stress free, thermally insulated or isothermal boundary conditions. The use of governing partial differential equations is solved into a coupled system of ordinary differential equations. The equation for toroidal motion gets decoupled from rest of the motion and remains unaffected due to thermal variations. Matrix Fr?benious method of extended power series is employed to obtain the solution. The secular equations for the existence of various types of possible modes of vibrations in the considered hollow sphere are derived in the com- pact form. The special cases of spheroidal and toroidal modes of vibrations of a hollow sphere have also been deduced and discussed. In order to explore the characteristics of vibrations the secular equations are further solved by using fixed point iteration numerical technique with the help of MATLAB software tools. The computer simulated results have been presented graphically for copper material.展开更多
Purpose:To assess the potential benefit of impregnating Merocel(a non-absorbable nasal dressing)with a topical steroid solution,for use as a direct and slow local delivery system of steroids after sinus surgery to imp...Purpose:To assess the potential benefit of impregnating Merocel(a non-absorbable nasal dressing)with a topical steroid solution,for use as a direct and slow local delivery system of steroids after sinus surgery to improve postoperative wound healing.Methods:In this randomized controlled trial,40 patients with bilateral chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis were subjected to functional endoscopic sinus surgery.Following the completion of the surgery,Merocel packs were inserted in the bilateral nasal cavities and infiltrated with 4 mL triamcinolone(40 mg/mL)in one nasal cavity(treatment group)and 4 mL normal saline in the other(control group).Nasal packs were removed on the third postoperative day and postoperative healing assessment was done on postoperative Weeks 1,2,4,and 12.The findings were noted as per Lund Kennedy(LKES)and perioperative sinus endoscopy(POSE)scores and compared on both sides.Results:Significant(P<0.05)improvement was noted in Lund Kennedy score for crusting and polyp at Week 12,for edema at Week 1,and nasal discharge at Weeks 1 and 12,but there was no significant improvement in scarring at any week.Overall,the difference between the treatment and control arms was statistically significant at all postoperative visits except at Week 4.Also,there was a significant improvement in POSE scores at Weeks 1,2,and 12 but not at Week 4.Conclusion:This study positively concludes that the nasal cavity packed with drug-soaked packs had less scarring and edema in the postoperative period and the overall wound healing was much better as compared to saline-soaked packs.展开更多
Background In the Indo-Gangetic Plain,rice-wheat is the most extensively practiced crop rotation.The escalating issue of crop residue burning,particularly rice straw,and the necessity to lower the exorbitant expenses ...Background In the Indo-Gangetic Plain,rice-wheat is the most extensively practiced crop rotation.The escalating issue of crop residue burning,particularly rice straw,and the necessity to lower the exorbitant expenses associated with fertilizer inputs stand out as significant challenges for farmers in the region.A well-suited integrated nutrient management(INM)strategy that focuses on recycling crop residues can serve as a solution to address these issues.Such a strategy not only mitigates air pollution resulting from residue burning but also helps combat water pollution due to nitrate losses from agroecosystems.Field experiments were used to evaluate the suitability of eight INM-modules that included various combinations of inorganic fertilizer rates(50%,100%,150%of recommended dose),crop residues(wheat and rice stubble retention at 30 cm standing stubble equivalent to 1/3 the straw yield),rice straw compost(RSC),farmyard manure(FYM),and green manuring(GM),compared to 100%recommended dose of fertilizers(F)and no fertilizer application.Results There was a considerable improvement in nitrogen mineralization,grain yields,and nitrogen use efficiency under GM+RSC-F50 and GM+FYM-F50.These INM modules would permit a 50%reduction in the use of chemical fertilizers.There was a little yield penalty with in situ rice residue incorporation at 100%F;however,this could be overcome with 150%F fertilizer application.In situ retention of wheat straw with a full application of fertilizer resulted in steadily rising crop yields over time.Changes in the redox potential,soil pH,and soil organic carbon best accounted for the observed trajectories in nitrogen use efficiency.Conclusion The most promising INM modules for adoption by farmers in the Indo-Gangetic Plain to judiciously use crop residues and curtail chemical fertilizer inputs are green manuring with Sesbania aculeata+rice straw compost at 5 t ha^(−1)+only 50%of recommended dose of fertilizers(GM+RSC-F50),and green manuring with Sesbania aculeata+farmyard manure at 5 t ha^(−1)+only 50%of recommended dose of fertilizers(GM+FYM-F50).Sole incorporation of crop residues without nitrogen augmentation from other sources might not help curtail chemical fertilizer use.Composting rice straw,which otherwise is widely burnt,proved a useful nitrogen source and a vital component of INM.Waste rice straw composting at the community scale and its application as a nutrient source can help achieve sustainable nitrogen management in the agroecosystems of Indo-Gangetic Plain.展开更多
文摘This paper concentrates on the study of the three-dimensional free vibrations in a homogenous isotropic, viscothermoelastic hollow sphere whose surfaces are subjected to stress free, thermally insulated or isothermal boundary conditions. The use of governing partial differential equations is solved into a coupled system of ordinary differential equations. The equation for toroidal motion gets decoupled from rest of the motion and remains unaffected due to thermal variations. Matrix Fr?benious method of extended power series is employed to obtain the solution. The secular equations for the existence of various types of possible modes of vibrations in the considered hollow sphere are derived in the com- pact form. The special cases of spheroidal and toroidal modes of vibrations of a hollow sphere have also been deduced and discussed. In order to explore the characteristics of vibrations the secular equations are further solved by using fixed point iteration numerical technique with the help of MATLAB software tools. The computer simulated results have been presented graphically for copper material.
文摘Purpose:To assess the potential benefit of impregnating Merocel(a non-absorbable nasal dressing)with a topical steroid solution,for use as a direct and slow local delivery system of steroids after sinus surgery to improve postoperative wound healing.Methods:In this randomized controlled trial,40 patients with bilateral chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis were subjected to functional endoscopic sinus surgery.Following the completion of the surgery,Merocel packs were inserted in the bilateral nasal cavities and infiltrated with 4 mL triamcinolone(40 mg/mL)in one nasal cavity(treatment group)and 4 mL normal saline in the other(control group).Nasal packs were removed on the third postoperative day and postoperative healing assessment was done on postoperative Weeks 1,2,4,and 12.The findings were noted as per Lund Kennedy(LKES)and perioperative sinus endoscopy(POSE)scores and compared on both sides.Results:Significant(P<0.05)improvement was noted in Lund Kennedy score for crusting and polyp at Week 12,for edema at Week 1,and nasal discharge at Weeks 1 and 12,but there was no significant improvement in scarring at any week.Overall,the difference between the treatment and control arms was statistically significant at all postoperative visits except at Week 4.Also,there was a significant improvement in POSE scores at Weeks 1,2,and 12 but not at Week 4.Conclusion:This study positively concludes that the nasal cavity packed with drug-soaked packs had less scarring and edema in the postoperative period and the overall wound healing was much better as compared to saline-soaked packs.
基金supported by the National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture(NICRA)initiative(Grant number:ICAR-DARE-NICRA-03)the ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute,Karnal.
文摘Background In the Indo-Gangetic Plain,rice-wheat is the most extensively practiced crop rotation.The escalating issue of crop residue burning,particularly rice straw,and the necessity to lower the exorbitant expenses associated with fertilizer inputs stand out as significant challenges for farmers in the region.A well-suited integrated nutrient management(INM)strategy that focuses on recycling crop residues can serve as a solution to address these issues.Such a strategy not only mitigates air pollution resulting from residue burning but also helps combat water pollution due to nitrate losses from agroecosystems.Field experiments were used to evaluate the suitability of eight INM-modules that included various combinations of inorganic fertilizer rates(50%,100%,150%of recommended dose),crop residues(wheat and rice stubble retention at 30 cm standing stubble equivalent to 1/3 the straw yield),rice straw compost(RSC),farmyard manure(FYM),and green manuring(GM),compared to 100%recommended dose of fertilizers(F)and no fertilizer application.Results There was a considerable improvement in nitrogen mineralization,grain yields,and nitrogen use efficiency under GM+RSC-F50 and GM+FYM-F50.These INM modules would permit a 50%reduction in the use of chemical fertilizers.There was a little yield penalty with in situ rice residue incorporation at 100%F;however,this could be overcome with 150%F fertilizer application.In situ retention of wheat straw with a full application of fertilizer resulted in steadily rising crop yields over time.Changes in the redox potential,soil pH,and soil organic carbon best accounted for the observed trajectories in nitrogen use efficiency.Conclusion The most promising INM modules for adoption by farmers in the Indo-Gangetic Plain to judiciously use crop residues and curtail chemical fertilizer inputs are green manuring with Sesbania aculeata+rice straw compost at 5 t ha^(−1)+only 50%of recommended dose of fertilizers(GM+RSC-F50),and green manuring with Sesbania aculeata+farmyard manure at 5 t ha^(−1)+only 50%of recommended dose of fertilizers(GM+FYM-F50).Sole incorporation of crop residues without nitrogen augmentation from other sources might not help curtail chemical fertilizer use.Composting rice straw,which otherwise is widely burnt,proved a useful nitrogen source and a vital component of INM.Waste rice straw composting at the community scale and its application as a nutrient source can help achieve sustainable nitrogen management in the agroecosystems of Indo-Gangetic Plain.
