Land allocation has been an important issue in land use planning research studies.Land allocation involves different multifunctional activities of maximizing environmental,economic and social benefits.Multi-criteria d...Land allocation has been an important issue in land use planning research studies.Land allocation involves different multifunctional activities of maximizing environmental,economic and social benefits.Multi-criteria decision making(MCDM)method is the most popular tool to optimize land allocation problems by considering decision variables,conflicting objectives,and criteria.Hence,decision-makers face problems on how to optimize the land allocation while minimizing the conflicting trade-offs existing in the decision analysis.With this review study,we aim at identifying and extracting information on MCDM methods to solve land allocation problems from English language articles published between 2000 and 2019 and indexed by four scientific literature databases(Web of Science,Science Direct,Scopus,Google scholar).To this end,we applied a systematic literature review approach,i.e.the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis procedure(Moher et al.,2009),with a structured database search expression.120 articles were selected of which,after careful screening of title,keywords and abstract,69 were retained for detailed review.This review study report compiles comprehensive information by classifying the papers into application area,optimization objectives,criteria used,decision techniques,publication year and study region.In summary,we found that in the last two decades,the use of the MCDM method has increased,particularly in Europe and China.AHP(analytical hierarchal process)is frequently used for multi-attribute land allocation problems with reference to ecotourism and ecosystem management.LP(linear programming)and SA(simulating annealing)methods are predominantly used to optimize multi-objectives complex agricultural and forest land allocation problems respectively.展开更多
Waste of electrical and electronic equipment （WEEE） constitutes one of the most relevant waste streams because of the quantity and presence of valuable materials. However, there is limited knowledge on the resource ...Waste of electrical and electronic equipment （WEEE） constitutes one of the most relevant waste streams because of the quantity and presence of valuable materials. However, there is limited knowledge on the resource potential of urban mining WEEE, as data on material composition, and the efficiency of current recycling treatments are still scarce. In this article, an evaluationof the recycling performance at a national level for one of the fastest growing e-waste streams： LCD TVs is carried out through the following four steps. Firstly, material characterisation is performed by means of sampling of the waste stream. Secondly, a material flow analysis is conducted by evaluating the separation performance of a recycling plant in Belgium..Thirdly, the recovered economic value and avoided environmental impact （EI） of the analysed recycling system is assessed. Finally, the potential of urban mining for Belgium is forecasted. The analysis shows that while recycling performance for ferrous metals and aluminium are relatively high; there is substantial room to better close the material loops for precious metals （PM） and plastics. PMs and plastics account for 66 % of the economic value in LCD TVs and 57% of the El. With the current, commonly applied recycling technology only one-third of the PM and housing plastics are recycled; meaning that for＇these material＇s, at a national level for Belgium, there is a potential for improvement that represents 3.3 million euros in 2016 and 6.8 million euros in 2025.展开更多
文摘Land allocation has been an important issue in land use planning research studies.Land allocation involves different multifunctional activities of maximizing environmental,economic and social benefits.Multi-criteria decision making(MCDM)method is the most popular tool to optimize land allocation problems by considering decision variables,conflicting objectives,and criteria.Hence,decision-makers face problems on how to optimize the land allocation while minimizing the conflicting trade-offs existing in the decision analysis.With this review study,we aim at identifying and extracting information on MCDM methods to solve land allocation problems from English language articles published between 2000 and 2019 and indexed by four scientific literature databases(Web of Science,Science Direct,Scopus,Google scholar).To this end,we applied a systematic literature review approach,i.e.the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis procedure(Moher et al.,2009),with a structured database search expression.120 articles were selected of which,after careful screening of title,keywords and abstract,69 were retained for detailed review.This review study report compiles comprehensive information by classifying the papers into application area,optimization objectives,criteria used,decision techniques,publication year and study region.In summary,we found that in the last two decades,the use of the MCDM method has increased,particularly in Europe and China.AHP(analytical hierarchal process)is frequently used for multi-attribute land allocation problems with reference to ecotourism and ecosystem management.LP(linear programming)and SA(simulating annealing)methods are predominantly used to optimize multi-objectives complex agricultural and forest land allocation problems respectively.
文摘Waste of electrical and electronic equipment （WEEE） constitutes one of the most relevant waste streams because of the quantity and presence of valuable materials. However, there is limited knowledge on the resource potential of urban mining WEEE, as data on material composition, and the efficiency of current recycling treatments are still scarce. In this article, an evaluationof the recycling performance at a national level for one of the fastest growing e-waste streams： LCD TVs is carried out through the following four steps. Firstly, material characterisation is performed by means of sampling of the waste stream. Secondly, a material flow analysis is conducted by evaluating the separation performance of a recycling plant in Belgium..Thirdly, the recovered economic value and avoided environmental impact （EI） of the analysed recycling system is assessed. Finally, the potential of urban mining for Belgium is forecasted. The analysis shows that while recycling performance for ferrous metals and aluminium are relatively high; there is substantial room to better close the material loops for precious metals （PM） and plastics. PMs and plastics account for 66 % of the economic value in LCD TVs and 57% of the El. With the current, commonly applied recycling technology only one-third of the PM and housing plastics are recycled; meaning that for＇these material＇s, at a national level for Belgium, there is a potential for improvement that represents 3.3 million euros in 2016 and 6.8 million euros in 2025.
