Background: There is increasing evidence showing the health benefits of various forms of traditional Chinese exercises(TCEs) on the glycemic profile in people with type 2 diabetes. However, relatively little is known ...Background: There is increasing evidence showing the health benefits of various forms of traditional Chinese exercises(TCEs) on the glycemic profile in people with type 2 diabetes. However, relatively little is known about the combined clinical effectiveness of these traditional exercises.This study was designed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the overall effect of 3 common TCEs(Tai Ji Quan, Qigong, Ba Duan Jin) on glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes.Methods: We conducted an extensive database search in Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Pub Med, Web of Science, EBSCO, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure on randomized controlled trials published between April 1967 and September 2017 that compared any of the 3 TCEs with a control or comparison group on glycemic control. Data extraction was performed by 2 independent reviewers. Study quality was evaluated using the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, which assessed the risk of bias, including sequence generation, allocation concealment, blinding, completeness of outcome data, and selective outcome reporting. The resulting quality of the reviewed studies was characterized in 3 grades representing the level of bias: low, unclear, and high. All analyses were performed using random effects models and heterogeneity was quantified. We a priori specified changes in biomarkers of hemoglobin A1 c(in percentage) and fasting blood glucose(mmol/L) as the main outcomes and triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, 2-h plasma glucose, and fasting plasma glucose as secondary outcomes.Results: A total of 39 randomized, controlled trials(Tai Ji Quan = 11; Qigong = 6; Ba Duan Jin = 22) with 2917 type 2 diabetic patients(aged41à80 years) were identified. Compared with a control or comparison group, pooled meta-analyses of TCEs showed a significant decrease in hemoglobin A1 c(mean difference(MD) = ?0.67%; 95% confidence interval(CI): ?0.86% to ?0.48%; p < 0.00001) and fasting blood glucose(MD = ?0.66 mmol/L; 95%CI: ?0.95 to ?0.37 mmol/L; p < 0.0001). The observed effect was more pronounced for interventions that were medium range in duration(i.e., >3à<12 months). TCE interventions also showed improvements in the secondary outcome measures. A high risk of bias was observed in the areas of blinding(i.e., study participants and personnel, and outcome assessment).Conclusion: Among patients with type 2 diabetes, TCEs were associated with significantly lower hemoglobin A1 c and fasting blood glucose.Further studies to better understand the dose and duration of exposure to TCEs are warranted.展开更多
Wheat seed development is an important physiological process of seed maturation and directly affects wheat yield and quality. In this study, we performed dynamic transcriptome microarray analysis of an elite Chinese b...Wheat seed development is an important physiological process of seed maturation and directly affects wheat yield and quality. In this study, we performed dynamic transcriptome microarray analysis of an elite Chinese bread wheat cultivar(Jimai 20) during grain development using the Gene Chip Wheat Genome Array. Grain morphology and scanning electron microscope observations showed that the period of 11–15 days post-anthesis(DPA) was a key stage for the synthesis and accumulation of seed starch. Genome-wide transcriptional profiling and significance analysis of microarrays revealed that the period from 11 to 15 DPA was more important than the 15–20 DPA stage for the synthesis and accumulation of nutritive reserves.Series test of cluster analysis of differential genes revealed five statistically significant gene expression profiles. Gene ontology annotation and enrichment analysis gave further information about differentially expressed genes, and Map Man analysis revealed expression changes within functional groups during seed development. Metabolic pathway network analysis showed that major and minor metabolic pathways regulate one another to ensure regular seed development and nutritive reserve accumulation. We performed gene co-expression network analysis to identify genes that play vital roles in seed development and identified several key genes involved in important metabolic pathways. The transcriptional expression of eight key genes involved in starch and protein synthesis and stress defense was further validated by q RT-PCR. Our results provide new insight into the molecular mechanisms of wheat seed development and the determinants of yield and quality.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81501956)Fok Ying-Tong Education Foundation of China(No.161092)Shanghai Key Lab of Human Performance(Shanghai University of Sport,No.11DZ2261100)
文摘Background: There is increasing evidence showing the health benefits of various forms of traditional Chinese exercises(TCEs) on the glycemic profile in people with type 2 diabetes. However, relatively little is known about the combined clinical effectiveness of these traditional exercises.This study was designed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the overall effect of 3 common TCEs(Tai Ji Quan, Qigong, Ba Duan Jin) on glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes.Methods: We conducted an extensive database search in Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Pub Med, Web of Science, EBSCO, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure on randomized controlled trials published between April 1967 and September 2017 that compared any of the 3 TCEs with a control or comparison group on glycemic control. Data extraction was performed by 2 independent reviewers. Study quality was evaluated using the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, which assessed the risk of bias, including sequence generation, allocation concealment, blinding, completeness of outcome data, and selective outcome reporting. The resulting quality of the reviewed studies was characterized in 3 grades representing the level of bias: low, unclear, and high. All analyses were performed using random effects models and heterogeneity was quantified. We a priori specified changes in biomarkers of hemoglobin A1 c(in percentage) and fasting blood glucose(mmol/L) as the main outcomes and triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, 2-h plasma glucose, and fasting plasma glucose as secondary outcomes.Results: A total of 39 randomized, controlled trials(Tai Ji Quan = 11; Qigong = 6; Ba Duan Jin = 22) with 2917 type 2 diabetic patients(aged41à80 years) were identified. Compared with a control or comparison group, pooled meta-analyses of TCEs showed a significant decrease in hemoglobin A1 c(mean difference(MD) = ?0.67%; 95% confidence interval(CI): ?0.86% to ?0.48%; p < 0.00001) and fasting blood glucose(MD = ?0.66 mmol/L; 95%CI: ?0.95 to ?0.37 mmol/L; p < 0.0001). The observed effect was more pronounced for interventions that were medium range in duration(i.e., >3à<12 months). TCE interventions also showed improvements in the secondary outcome measures. A high risk of bias was observed in the areas of blinding(i.e., study participants and personnel, and outcome assessment).Conclusion: Among patients with type 2 diabetes, TCEs were associated with significantly lower hemoglobin A1 c and fasting blood glucose.Further studies to better understand the dose and duration of exposure to TCEs are warranted.
基金financially supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31471485)Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Citythe Key Developmental Project of Science and Technology from Beijing Municipal Commission of Education(KZ201410028031)
文摘Wheat seed development is an important physiological process of seed maturation and directly affects wheat yield and quality. In this study, we performed dynamic transcriptome microarray analysis of an elite Chinese bread wheat cultivar(Jimai 20) during grain development using the Gene Chip Wheat Genome Array. Grain morphology and scanning electron microscope observations showed that the period of 11–15 days post-anthesis(DPA) was a key stage for the synthesis and accumulation of seed starch. Genome-wide transcriptional profiling and significance analysis of microarrays revealed that the period from 11 to 15 DPA was more important than the 15–20 DPA stage for the synthesis and accumulation of nutritive reserves.Series test of cluster analysis of differential genes revealed five statistically significant gene expression profiles. Gene ontology annotation and enrichment analysis gave further information about differentially expressed genes, and Map Man analysis revealed expression changes within functional groups during seed development. Metabolic pathway network analysis showed that major and minor metabolic pathways regulate one another to ensure regular seed development and nutritive reserve accumulation. We performed gene co-expression network analysis to identify genes that play vital roles in seed development and identified several key genes involved in important metabolic pathways. The transcriptional expression of eight key genes involved in starch and protein synthesis and stress defense was further validated by q RT-PCR. Our results provide new insight into the molecular mechanisms of wheat seed development and the determinants of yield and quality.
