BACKGROUND: Glutathione, as an in vivo free radical scavenger, plays an important role in the anti-oxidation defense mechanism in patients with acute cerebral infarction. OBJECTIVE: To observe the relationship between...BACKGROUND: Glutathione, as an in vivo free radical scavenger, plays an important role in the anti-oxidation defense mechanism in patients with acute cerebral infarction. OBJECTIVE: To observe the relationship between the levels of glutathione (GSH) and malonaldehyde (MDA), the metabolite of lipid peroxidation, in erythrocyte and deformation index of erythrocyte in patients at various periods following acute cerebral infarction. DESIGN: Controlled observation. SETTING: Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease of Qingdao Medical College. PARTICIPANTS: We chose 98 inpatients with acute cerebral infarction from Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from January to December 2000 , serving as cerebral infarction group, including 50 male and 48 female , with mean age of (62±7)years. There were 23 cases found on the 1st day after onset; 25 cases on the 3rd day after onset; 25 cases on the 7th day after onset; 25 cases on the 14th days after onset, and they were all confirmed by craniocerebral CT or MRI. Another 30 homeochronous inpatients with neurosis, cervical syndrome, lumbar intervertebral disc herniation and motor neuron disease were chosen as control group, including 20 male and 10 female, with mean age of (52±8)years . There was no significant difference in age and gender distribution between two groups (P > 0.05). Patients in the two groups were informed of detected index. METHODS: ①Ulnar venous blood was chosen from the patients who were fasted on the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th days after onset. Deformation index of erythrocyte was measured with BL88-CKX laser diffraction erythrocyte deformeter and photographing was performed. GSH level in erythrocyte was measured with DTNB assay introduced by Beu-tler. MDA level in erythrocyte was measured with modified thiobarbituric acid colorimetric method. ②At each sample collecting , according to the criteria accepted by the Fourth National Conference of Cerebrovascular Disease, intergrant of neurologic impairment < 15 points was regarded as mild (n=46),15 to 30 points as moderate (n=40)and, > 30 points as severe (n=12). ③ t test was used to compare data between two groups , and linear correlation analysis was used in relationship analysis among indexes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Comparison of erythrocyte GSH and MDA levels and deformation index of erythrocyte at various periods between patients with acute cerebral infarction and controls. ②Correlation of erythrocyte GSH level with erythrocyte MDA level and with deformation index of erythrocyte in patients with cerebral infarction. ③ Relationship between erythrocyte GSH level and severity of disease in patients with acute cerebral infarction. RESULTS: Totally 98 patients with acute cerebral infarction and 30 controls all entered the stage of result analysis. ① Erythrocyte GSH level and deformation index of erythrocyte were lower on the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th days after onset in cerebral infarction group than in control group (P < 0.05-0.01), and erythrocyte MDA level was significantly higher in cerebral infarction group than in control group (P < 0.05-0.01). The three indexes changed most significantly on day 3 after onset in patients, and began to recover or decrease on day 7 after onset and inclined to be normal on day 14 after onset. ② Erythrocyte GSH level was significantly negatively correlated with erythrocyte MDA level in patients with acute cerebral infarction on the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th days after onset (r=-0.534, -0.713, -0.645, -0.656, respectively, P < 0.05-0.01),and significantly positively correlated with erythrocyte deformation index (r=0.502, 0.560, 0.455, 0.504, respectively, P < 0.05). ③Erythrocyte GSH level was significantly lower in moderate or severe patients with acute cerebral infarction than in mild patients[(0.215±0.088),(0.192±0.102),(0.281±0.090) g/L, P < 0.05]. CONCLUSION: ①Erythrocyte GSH and MDA levels and deformation index of erythrocyte change significantly on the 3rd day following acute cerebral infarction. Index detection results gradually tended to be normal on from the 7th day to 14th days day after onset. ② Change of erythrocyte GSH level can reflect the severity of disease of patients with acute cerebral infarction. ③Decrease of erythrocyte GSH level in patients with acute cerebral infarction is one of reasons that result in the decrease of deformation ability of erythrocyte.展开更多
Indoor microorganisms impact asthma and allergic rhinitis(AR),but the associated microbial taxa often vary extensively due to climate and geographical variations.To provide more consistent environmental assessments,ne...Indoor microorganisms impact asthma and allergic rhinitis(AR),but the associated microbial taxa often vary extensively due to climate and geographical variations.To provide more consistent environmental assessments,new perspectives on microbial exposure for asthma and AR are needed.Home dust from 97 cases(32 asthma alone,37 AR alone,28 comorbidity)and 52 age-and gender-matched controls in Shanghai,China,were analyzed using high-throughput shotgun metagenomic sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.Homes of healthy children were enriched with environmental microbes,including Paracoccus,Pseudomonas,and Psychrobacter,and metabolites like keto acids,indoles,pyridines,and flavonoids(astragalin,hesperidin)(False Discovery Rate<0.05).A neural network co-occurrence probability analysis revealed that environmental microorganisms were involved in producing these keto acids,indoles,and pyridines.Conversely,homes of diseased children were enriched with mycotoxins and synthetic chemicals,including herbicides,insecticides,and food/cosmetic additives.Using a random forest model,characteristic metabolites and microorganisms in Shanghai homes were used to classify high and low prevalence of asthma/AR in an independent dataset in Malaysian schools(N=1290).Indoor metabolites achieved an average accuracy of 74.9%and 77.1%in differentiating schools with high and low prevalence of asthma and AR,respectively,whereas indoor microorganisms only achieved 51.0%and 59.5%,respectively.These results suggest that indoor metabolites and chemicals rather than indoor microbiome are potentially superior environmental indicators for childhood asthma and AR.This study extends the traditional risk assessment focusing on allergens or air pollutants in childhood asthma and AR,thereby revealing potential novel intervention strategies for these diseases.展开更多
Temporal contrast is one of the crucial physical determinants which guarantee the successful performance of laser–matter interaction experiments. We generally reviewed the influences on the temporal contrast in three...Temporal contrast is one of the crucial physical determinants which guarantee the successful performance of laser–matter interaction experiments. We generally reviewed the influences on the temporal contrast in three categories of noises based on the requirement by the physical mechanisms. The spatiotemporal influences on temporal contrast at the focal region of the chromatic aberration and propagation time difference introduced by large-aperture broadband spatial filters, which were spatiotemporally coupled with compression and focusing, were calculated and discussed with a practical case in SG-Ⅱ5 PW ultrashort petawatt laser. The system-wide spatiotemporal coupling existing in large-aperture broadband ultrashort petawatt lasers was proved to be one of the possible causes of temporal contrast degradation in the focal region.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND: Glutathione, as an in vivo free radical scavenger, plays an important role in the anti-oxidation defense mechanism in patients with acute cerebral infarction. OBJECTIVE: To observe the relationship between the levels of glutathione (GSH) and malonaldehyde (MDA), the metabolite of lipid peroxidation, in erythrocyte and deformation index of erythrocyte in patients at various periods following acute cerebral infarction. DESIGN: Controlled observation. SETTING: Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease of Qingdao Medical College. PARTICIPANTS: We chose 98 inpatients with acute cerebral infarction from Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from January to December 2000 , serving as cerebral infarction group, including 50 male and 48 female , with mean age of (62±7)years. There were 23 cases found on the 1st day after onset; 25 cases on the 3rd day after onset; 25 cases on the 7th day after onset; 25 cases on the 14th days after onset, and they were all confirmed by craniocerebral CT or MRI. Another 30 homeochronous inpatients with neurosis, cervical syndrome, lumbar intervertebral disc herniation and motor neuron disease were chosen as control group, including 20 male and 10 female, with mean age of (52±8)years . There was no significant difference in age and gender distribution between two groups (P > 0.05). Patients in the two groups were informed of detected index. METHODS: ①Ulnar venous blood was chosen from the patients who were fasted on the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th days after onset. Deformation index of erythrocyte was measured with BL88-CKX laser diffraction erythrocyte deformeter and photographing was performed. GSH level in erythrocyte was measured with DTNB assay introduced by Beu-tler. MDA level in erythrocyte was measured with modified thiobarbituric acid colorimetric method. ②At each sample collecting , according to the criteria accepted by the Fourth National Conference of Cerebrovascular Disease, intergrant of neurologic impairment < 15 points was regarded as mild (n=46),15 to 30 points as moderate (n=40)and, > 30 points as severe (n=12). ③ t test was used to compare data between two groups , and linear correlation analysis was used in relationship analysis among indexes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Comparison of erythrocyte GSH and MDA levels and deformation index of erythrocyte at various periods between patients with acute cerebral infarction and controls. ②Correlation of erythrocyte GSH level with erythrocyte MDA level and with deformation index of erythrocyte in patients with cerebral infarction. ③ Relationship between erythrocyte GSH level and severity of disease in patients with acute cerebral infarction. RESULTS: Totally 98 patients with acute cerebral infarction and 30 controls all entered the stage of result analysis. ① Erythrocyte GSH level and deformation index of erythrocyte were lower on the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th days after onset in cerebral infarction group than in control group (P < 0.05-0.01), and erythrocyte MDA level was significantly higher in cerebral infarction group than in control group (P < 0.05-0.01). The three indexes changed most significantly on day 3 after onset in patients, and began to recover or decrease on day 7 after onset and inclined to be normal on day 14 after onset. ② Erythrocyte GSH level was significantly negatively correlated with erythrocyte MDA level in patients with acute cerebral infarction on the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th days after onset (r=-0.534, -0.713, -0.645, -0.656, respectively, P < 0.05-0.01),and significantly positively correlated with erythrocyte deformation index (r=0.502, 0.560, 0.455, 0.504, respectively, P < 0.05). ③Erythrocyte GSH level was significantly lower in moderate or severe patients with acute cerebral infarction than in mild patients[(0.215±0.088),(0.192±0.102),(0.281±0.090) g/L, P < 0.05]. CONCLUSION: ①Erythrocyte GSH and MDA levels and deformation index of erythrocyte change significantly on the 3rd day following acute cerebral infarction. Index detection results gradually tended to be normal on from the 7th day to 14th days day after onset. ② Change of erythrocyte GSH level can reflect the severity of disease of patients with acute cerebral infarction. ③Decrease of erythrocyte GSH level in patients with acute cerebral infarction is one of reasons that result in the decrease of deformation ability of erythrocyte.
基金The study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81861138005)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(Nos.2020A1515010845 and 2021A1515010492)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou(No.202102080362)Shanghai B&R Joint Laboratory(No.22230750300)and the Swedish Research Council(Vetenskapsrådet)project(No.2017-05845).
文摘Indoor microorganisms impact asthma and allergic rhinitis(AR),but the associated microbial taxa often vary extensively due to climate and geographical variations.To provide more consistent environmental assessments,new perspectives on microbial exposure for asthma and AR are needed.Home dust from 97 cases(32 asthma alone,37 AR alone,28 comorbidity)and 52 age-and gender-matched controls in Shanghai,China,were analyzed using high-throughput shotgun metagenomic sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.Homes of healthy children were enriched with environmental microbes,including Paracoccus,Pseudomonas,and Psychrobacter,and metabolites like keto acids,indoles,pyridines,and flavonoids(astragalin,hesperidin)(False Discovery Rate<0.05).A neural network co-occurrence probability analysis revealed that environmental microorganisms were involved in producing these keto acids,indoles,and pyridines.Conversely,homes of diseased children were enriched with mycotoxins and synthetic chemicals,including herbicides,insecticides,and food/cosmetic additives.Using a random forest model,characteristic metabolites and microorganisms in Shanghai homes were used to classify high and low prevalence of asthma/AR in an independent dataset in Malaysian schools(N=1290).Indoor metabolites achieved an average accuracy of 74.9%and 77.1%in differentiating schools with high and low prevalence of asthma and AR,respectively,whereas indoor microorganisms only achieved 51.0%and 59.5%,respectively.These results suggest that indoor metabolites and chemicals rather than indoor microbiome are potentially superior environmental indicators for childhood asthma and AR.This study extends the traditional risk assessment focusing on allergens or air pollutants in childhood asthma and AR,thereby revealing potential novel intervention strategies for these diseases.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (No. 11304332)Key Projects of International Cooperation in Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘Temporal contrast is one of the crucial physical determinants which guarantee the successful performance of laser–matter interaction experiments. We generally reviewed the influences on the temporal contrast in three categories of noises based on the requirement by the physical mechanisms. The spatiotemporal influences on temporal contrast at the focal region of the chromatic aberration and propagation time difference introduced by large-aperture broadband spatial filters, which were spatiotemporally coupled with compression and focusing, were calculated and discussed with a practical case in SG-Ⅱ5 PW ultrashort petawatt laser. The system-wide spatiotemporal coupling existing in large-aperture broadband ultrashort petawatt lasers was proved to be one of the possible causes of temporal contrast degradation in the focal region.
