Tomato has emerged as an emblematic model plants for fleshy fruit research and tomato fruit ripening is a complex and highly coordinated developmental process.The many physiology and biochemical processes associated w...Tomato has emerged as an emblematic model plants for fleshy fruit research and tomato fruit ripening is a complex and highly coordinated developmental process.The many physiology and biochemical processes associated with tomato fruit ripening require changes in the expression of hundreds to thousands of genes.Gene expression is regulated by transcriptional and post-transcriptional pathways,one of the recently discovered mechanisms in plants was small RNAs mediated gene silencing at post-transcriptional(PTGS) level.Intriguingly,several mi RNAs and endogenous si RNAs were revealed to be involved in the fruit ripening process which opened a new avenue in the field of fleshy fruit biology.This review compiled the most recent advances made in deciphering the regulation functions of mi RNAs and si RNAs in tomato fruit ripening.It also emphasized the new perspectives now possible in the small RNAs regulation research in tomato fruit ripening and senescence.展开更多
To the Editor:Endometrial cancer(EC)is the sixth most common cancer diagnosed in women,and its prevalence is reportedly increasing worldwide.Endometrial clear cell carcinoma(ECCC)accounts for 2-5%of all EC,and is a ra...To the Editor:Endometrial cancer(EC)is the sixth most common cancer diagnosed in women,and its prevalence is reportedly increasing worldwide.Endometrial clear cell carcinoma(ECCC)accounts for 2-5%of all EC,and is a rare but ominous subtype of high-risk EC that has a poorer prognosis and exhibits greater chemoresistance.Owing to the rarity of ECCC,few clinical trials have included patients with this disease exclusively,and limited data are available regarding its pathogenesis and clinical progression compared with other more common subtypes of EC.展开更多
Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a common autoimmune disease characterized by chronic and progressive inflammation of the synovium.Focused ultrasound therapy is an increasingly attractive alternative for treating RA owing t...Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a common autoimmune disease characterized by chronic and progressive inflammation of the synovium.Focused ultrasound therapy is an increasingly attractive alternative for treating RA owing to its noninvasiveness;however,it remains unclear which immune subsets respond to ultrasound stimulation.In this study,we showed that spleen-targeted low-frequency pulsed focused ultrasound(LFPFU)effectively improved the severity of arthritis in an arthritis mouse model established in DBA/1J mice.Additionally,we performed in-depth immune profiling of spleen samples from RA mice,RA mice that underwent ultrasound therapy,and healthy controls using mass cytometry along with extensive antibody panels and identified the immune composition of 14 cell populations,including CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)T cells,B cells,natural killer cells,and dendritic cells.Moreover,multidimensional analysis according to cell-surface markers and phenotypes helped in identifying 4 and 5 cell subpopulations among T and myeloid cells,respectively,with 6 T cell subsets and 3 myeloid cell subsets responsive to ultrasound therapy among the 3 groups.Of these cell subsets,CD8^(+)T cell subsets showed a unique response to ultrasound stimulation in RA mice.Specifically,CD8^(+)T cells show a noticeable correlation with the degree of arthritis progression and could serve as an indicator for spleen-focused ultrasound-based therapy.Furthermore,single-cell RNA sequencing of spleen cells revealed the importance of T,B,and myeloid cell populations in the anti-inflammatory pathway.These results elucidated the unique cell subsets and transcriptome of splenic cells responsive to LFPFU and demonstrated the potential of spleen-focused ultrasound stimulation in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(31401536)the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing(6144020)+1 种基金the Special Fund of China Agriculture Research System(CARS-25)the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(201203095)
文摘Tomato has emerged as an emblematic model plants for fleshy fruit research and tomato fruit ripening is a complex and highly coordinated developmental process.The many physiology and biochemical processes associated with tomato fruit ripening require changes in the expression of hundreds to thousands of genes.Gene expression is regulated by transcriptional and post-transcriptional pathways,one of the recently discovered mechanisms in plants was small RNAs mediated gene silencing at post-transcriptional(PTGS) level.Intriguingly,several mi RNAs and endogenous si RNAs were revealed to be involved in the fruit ripening process which opened a new avenue in the field of fleshy fruit biology.This review compiled the most recent advances made in deciphering the regulation functions of mi RNAs and si RNAs in tomato fruit ripening.It also emphasized the new perspectives now possible in the small RNAs regulation research in tomato fruit ripening and senescence.
基金supported by the National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding(No.2022-PUMCHB-083)the Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research(No.2022-1-4011)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.82271886).
文摘To the Editor:Endometrial cancer(EC)is the sixth most common cancer diagnosed in women,and its prevalence is reportedly increasing worldwide.Endometrial clear cell carcinoma(ECCC)accounts for 2-5%of all EC,and is a rare but ominous subtype of high-risk EC that has a poorer prognosis and exhibits greater chemoresistance.Owing to the rarity of ECCC,few clinical trials have included patients with this disease exclusively,and limited data are available regarding its pathogenesis and clinical progression compared with other more common subtypes of EC.
基金the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2021A1515110672)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.GJHZ20200731095401004 and No.GJHZ20210705141404012)+2 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2021M691262)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12074402 and No.82204681)the Shenzhen Basic Research Program(No.JCYJ20200109114825064).
文摘Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a common autoimmune disease characterized by chronic and progressive inflammation of the synovium.Focused ultrasound therapy is an increasingly attractive alternative for treating RA owing to its noninvasiveness;however,it remains unclear which immune subsets respond to ultrasound stimulation.In this study,we showed that spleen-targeted low-frequency pulsed focused ultrasound(LFPFU)effectively improved the severity of arthritis in an arthritis mouse model established in DBA/1J mice.Additionally,we performed in-depth immune profiling of spleen samples from RA mice,RA mice that underwent ultrasound therapy,and healthy controls using mass cytometry along with extensive antibody panels and identified the immune composition of 14 cell populations,including CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)T cells,B cells,natural killer cells,and dendritic cells.Moreover,multidimensional analysis according to cell-surface markers and phenotypes helped in identifying 4 and 5 cell subpopulations among T and myeloid cells,respectively,with 6 T cell subsets and 3 myeloid cell subsets responsive to ultrasound therapy among the 3 groups.Of these cell subsets,CD8^(+)T cell subsets showed a unique response to ultrasound stimulation in RA mice.Specifically,CD8^(+)T cells show a noticeable correlation with the degree of arthritis progression and could serve as an indicator for spleen-focused ultrasound-based therapy.Furthermore,single-cell RNA sequencing of spleen cells revealed the importance of T,B,and myeloid cell populations in the anti-inflammatory pathway.These results elucidated the unique cell subsets and transcriptome of splenic cells responsive to LFPFU and demonstrated the potential of spleen-focused ultrasound stimulation in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
