The efficiency of proton exchange membrane water electrolysis(PEM-WE)for hydrogen production is heavily dependent on the noble metal iridium-based catalysts.However,the scarcity of iridium limits the large-scale appli...The efficiency of proton exchange membrane water electrolysis(PEM-WE)for hydrogen production is heavily dependent on the noble metal iridium-based catalysts.However,the scarcity of iridium limits the large-scale application of PEM-WE.To address this issue,it is promising to select an appropriate support because it not only enhances the utilization efficiency of noble metals but also improves mass transport under high current.Herein,we supported amorphous IrO_(x) nanosheets onto the hollow TiO_(2) sphere(denoted as IrO_(x)),which demonstrated excellent performance in acidic electrolytic water splitting.Specifically,the annealed IrO_(x)catalyst at 150℃in air exhibited a mass activity of 1347.5 A·gIr^(−1),which is much higher than that of commercial IrO_(2) of 12.33 A·gIr^(−1) at the overpotential of 300 mV for oxygen evolution reaction(OER).Meanwhile,the annealed IrO_(x) exhibited good stability for 600 h operating at 10 mA·cm^(−2).Moreover,when using IrO_(x) and annealed IrO_(x) catalysts for water splitting,a cell voltage as low as 1.485 V can be achieved at 10 mA·cm^(−2).The cell can continuously operate for 200 h with negligible degradation of performance.展开更多
Previous studies have revealed that patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM)exhibit differences in symptom severity and prognosis,indicating potential HCM subtypes among these patients.Here,793 patients with HCM...Previous studies have revealed that patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM)exhibit differences in symptom severity and prognosis,indicating potential HCM subtypes among these patients.Here,793 patients with HCM were recruited at an average follow-up of 32.78±27.58 months to identify potential HCM subtypes by performing consensus clustering on the basis of their echocardiography features.Furthermore,we proposed a systematic method for illustrating the relationship between the phenotype and genotype of each HCM subtype by using machine learning modeling and interactome network detection techniques based on whole-exome sequencing data.Another independent cohort that consisted of 414 patients with HCM was recruited to replicate the findings.Consequently,two subtypes characterized by different clinical outcomes were identified in HCM.Patients with subtype 2 presented asymmetric septal hypertrophy associated with a stable course,while those with subtype 1 displayed left ventricular systolic dysfunction and aggressive progression.Machine learning modeling based on personal whole-exome data identified 46 genes with mutation burden that could accurately predict subtype propensities.Furthermore,the patients in another cohort predicted as subtype 1 by the 46-gene model presented increased left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction.By employing echocardiography and genetic screening for the 46 genes,HCM can be classified into two subtypes with distinct clinical outcomes.展开更多
To reveal genetic risks of early-onset sporadic dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM) patients in the Chinese Han population, we enlisted 363 DCM cases and 414 healthy controls. Whole-exome sequencing and phenotypic characteriz...To reveal genetic risks of early-onset sporadic dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM) patients in the Chinese Han population, we enlisted 363 DCM cases and 414 healthy controls. Whole-exome sequencing and phenotypic characterization were conducted. In total, we identified 26 loss-of-function(LOF) candidates and 66 pathogenic variants from 33 genes, most of which were novel.The deleterious variants can account for 25.07%(91/363) of all patients. Furthermore, rare missense variants in 21 genes were found to be significantly associated with DCM in burden tests. Other than rare variants, twelve common SNPs were significantly associated with an increased risk of DCM in allele-based genetic model association analysis. Of note, in the cumulative risk model, high-risk subjects had a 3.113-fold higher risk of developing DCM than low-risk subjects. Also, DCM in the high-risk group had a younger age of onset than that in the low-risk group. In terms of cardiac function, the mean left ventricular ejection fraction of patients with the deleterious variants was lower than those without(27.73%±10.02% vs. 30.61%±10.85%, P=0.026).To conclude, we mapped a comprehensive atlas of genetic risks in Chinese patients with DCM that might lead to new insights into the mechanisms and risk stratification for DCM.展开更多
3D microfluidic devices have emerged as powerful platforms for analytical chemistry,biomedical sensors,and microscale fluid manipulation.3D printing technology,owing to its structural fabrication flexibility,has drawn...3D microfluidic devices have emerged as powerful platforms for analytical chemistry,biomedical sensors,and microscale fluid manipulation.3D printing technology,owing to its structural fabrication flexibility,has drawn extensive attention in the field of 3D microfluidics fabrication.However,the collapse of suspended structures and residues of sacrificial materials greatly restrict the application of this technology,especially for extremely narrow channel fabrication.In this paper,a 3D printing strategy named nanofiber self-consistent additive manufacturing(NSCAM)is proposed for integrated 3D microfluidic chip fabrication with porous nanofibers as supporting structures,which avoids the sacrificial layer release process.In the NSCAM process,electrospinning and electrohydrodynamic jet(E-jet)writing are alternately employed.The porous polyimide nanofiber mats formed by electrospinning are ingeniously applied as both supporting structures for the suspended layer and percolating media for liquid flow,while the polydimethylsiloxane E-jet writing ink printed on the nanofiber mats(named construction fluid in this paper)controllably permeates through the porous mats.After curing,the resultant construction fluid–nanofiber composites are formed as 3D channel walls.As a proof of concept,a microfluidic pressure-gain valve,which contains typical features of narrow channels and movable membranes,was fabricated,and the printed valve was totally closed under a control pressure of 45 kPa with a fast dynamic response of 52.6 ms,indicating the feasibility of NSCAM.Therefore,we believe NSCAM is a promising technique for manufacturing microdevices that include movable membrane cavities,pillar cavities,and porous scaffolds,showing broad applications in 3D microfluidics,soft robot drivers or sensors,and organ-on-a-chip systems.展开更多
Thoracic aortic dissection(TAD)without familial clustering or syndromic features is known as sporadic TAD(STAD).So far,the genetic basis of STAD remains unknown.Whole exome sequencing was performed in 223 STAD patient...Thoracic aortic dissection(TAD)without familial clustering or syndromic features is known as sporadic TAD(STAD).So far,the genetic basis of STAD remains unknown.Whole exome sequencing was performed in 223 STAD patients and 414 healthy controls from the Chinese Han population(N=637).After population structure and genetic relationship and ancestry analyses,we used the optimal sequence kernel association test to identify the candidate genes or variants of STAD.We found that COL3A1 was significantly relevant to STAD(P=7.35×10^(−6))after 10000 times permutation test(P=2.49×10^(−3)).Moreover,another independent cohort,including 423 cases and 734 non-STAD subjects(N=1157),replicated our results(P=0.021).Further bioinformatics analysis showed that COL3A1 was highly expressed in dissected aortic tissues,and its expression was related to the extracellular matrix(ECM)pathway.Our study identified a profile of known heritable TAD genes in the Chinese STAD population and found that COL3A1 could increase the risk of STAD through the ECM pathway.We wanted to expand the knowledge of the genetic basis and pathology of STAD,which may further help in providing better genetic counseling to the patients.展开更多
基金The National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2018YFA0702001 and 2021YFA1500400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22371268 and 22175163)+2 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.WK2060000016)Anhui Development and Reform Commission(No.AHZDCYCX-2SDT2023-07)Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Science(No.2018494)supported this work.
文摘The efficiency of proton exchange membrane water electrolysis(PEM-WE)for hydrogen production is heavily dependent on the noble metal iridium-based catalysts.However,the scarcity of iridium limits the large-scale application of PEM-WE.To address this issue,it is promising to select an appropriate support because it not only enhances the utilization efficiency of noble metals but also improves mass transport under high current.Herein,we supported amorphous IrO_(x) nanosheets onto the hollow TiO_(2) sphere(denoted as IrO_(x)),which demonstrated excellent performance in acidic electrolytic water splitting.Specifically,the annealed IrO_(x)catalyst at 150℃in air exhibited a mass activity of 1347.5 A·gIr^(−1),which is much higher than that of commercial IrO_(2) of 12.33 A·gIr^(−1) at the overpotential of 300 mV for oxygen evolution reaction(OER).Meanwhile,the annealed IrO_(x) exhibited good stability for 600 h operating at 10 mA·cm^(−2).Moreover,when using IrO_(x) and annealed IrO_(x) catalysts for water splitting,a cell voltage as low as 1.485 V can be achieved at 10 mA·cm^(−2).The cell can continuously operate for 200 h with negligible degradation of performance.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFC0909400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.91439203,91839302,and 81700413)+1 种基金Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(No.2017SHZDZX01)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,HUST(No.2016JCTD117).
文摘Previous studies have revealed that patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM)exhibit differences in symptom severity and prognosis,indicating potential HCM subtypes among these patients.Here,793 patients with HCM were recruited at an average follow-up of 32.78±27.58 months to identify potential HCM subtypes by performing consensus clustering on the basis of their echocardiography features.Furthermore,we proposed a systematic method for illustrating the relationship between the phenotype and genotype of each HCM subtype by using machine learning modeling and interactome network detection techniques based on whole-exome sequencing data.Another independent cohort that consisted of 414 patients with HCM was recruited to replicate the findings.Consequently,two subtypes characterized by different clinical outcomes were identified in HCM.Patients with subtype 2 presented asymmetric septal hypertrophy associated with a stable course,while those with subtype 1 displayed left ventricular systolic dysfunction and aggressive progression.Machine learning modeling based on personal whole-exome data identified 46 genes with mutation burden that could accurately predict subtype propensities.Furthermore,the patients in another cohort predicted as subtype 1 by the 46-gene model presented increased left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction.By employing echocardiography and genetic screening for the 46 genes,HCM can be classified into two subtypes with distinct clinical outcomes.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFC0909400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (91439203, 81630010 and 91839302)+3 种基金Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project (2017SHZDZX01)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2015ZDTD044 and 2016JCTD117)the Graduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Funds of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (2018JYCXJJ004)Tongji Hospital Clinical Research Flagship Program (2019CR207 and 2019YBKY019)
文摘To reveal genetic risks of early-onset sporadic dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM) patients in the Chinese Han population, we enlisted 363 DCM cases and 414 healthy controls. Whole-exome sequencing and phenotypic characterization were conducted. In total, we identified 26 loss-of-function(LOF) candidates and 66 pathogenic variants from 33 genes, most of which were novel.The deleterious variants can account for 25.07%(91/363) of all patients. Furthermore, rare missense variants in 21 genes were found to be significantly associated with DCM in burden tests. Other than rare variants, twelve common SNPs were significantly associated with an increased risk of DCM in allele-based genetic model association analysis. Of note, in the cumulative risk model, high-risk subjects had a 3.113-fold higher risk of developing DCM than low-risk subjects. Also, DCM in the high-risk group had a younger age of onset than that in the low-risk group. In terms of cardiac function, the mean left ventricular ejection fraction of patients with the deleterious variants was lower than those without(27.73%±10.02% vs. 30.61%±10.85%, P=0.026).To conclude, we mapped a comprehensive atlas of genetic risks in Chinese patients with DCM that might lead to new insights into the mechanisms and risk stratification for DCM.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51975498,No.U2005214,NO.52005239)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(NO.2019A1515110637).
文摘3D microfluidic devices have emerged as powerful platforms for analytical chemistry,biomedical sensors,and microscale fluid manipulation.3D printing technology,owing to its structural fabrication flexibility,has drawn extensive attention in the field of 3D microfluidics fabrication.However,the collapse of suspended structures and residues of sacrificial materials greatly restrict the application of this technology,especially for extremely narrow channel fabrication.In this paper,a 3D printing strategy named nanofiber self-consistent additive manufacturing(NSCAM)is proposed for integrated 3D microfluidic chip fabrication with porous nanofibers as supporting structures,which avoids the sacrificial layer release process.In the NSCAM process,electrospinning and electrohydrodynamic jet(E-jet)writing are alternately employed.The porous polyimide nanofiber mats formed by electrospinning are ingeniously applied as both supporting structures for the suspended layer and percolating media for liquid flow,while the polydimethylsiloxane E-jet writing ink printed on the nanofiber mats(named construction fluid in this paper)controllably permeates through the porous mats.After curing,the resultant construction fluid–nanofiber composites are formed as 3D channel walls.As a proof of concept,a microfluidic pressure-gain valve,which contains typical features of narrow channels and movable membranes,was fabricated,and the printed valve was totally closed under a control pressure of 45 kPa with a fast dynamic response of 52.6 ms,indicating the feasibility of NSCAM.Therefore,we believe NSCAM is a promising technique for manufacturing microdevices that include movable membrane cavities,pillar cavities,and porous scaffolds,showing broad applications in 3D microfluidics,soft robot drivers or sensors,and organ-on-a-chip systems.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.91839302,91439203,and 81700413)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFC0909400)the Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(No.2017SHZDZX01).
文摘Thoracic aortic dissection(TAD)without familial clustering or syndromic features is known as sporadic TAD(STAD).So far,the genetic basis of STAD remains unknown.Whole exome sequencing was performed in 223 STAD patients and 414 healthy controls from the Chinese Han population(N=637).After population structure and genetic relationship and ancestry analyses,we used the optimal sequence kernel association test to identify the candidate genes or variants of STAD.We found that COL3A1 was significantly relevant to STAD(P=7.35×10^(−6))after 10000 times permutation test(P=2.49×10^(−3)).Moreover,another independent cohort,including 423 cases and 734 non-STAD subjects(N=1157),replicated our results(P=0.021).Further bioinformatics analysis showed that COL3A1 was highly expressed in dissected aortic tissues,and its expression was related to the extracellular matrix(ECM)pathway.Our study identified a profile of known heritable TAD genes in the Chinese STAD population and found that COL3A1 could increase the risk of STAD through the ECM pathway.We wanted to expand the knowledge of the genetic basis and pathology of STAD,which may further help in providing better genetic counseling to the patients.
